Java使用DOM读写 XML

使用DOM对象处理XML

XML文件

   
   
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persons>
    <person>
        <name>Assad</name>
        <age>22</age>
        <home>Shanghai</home>
    </person>
    <person>
        <name>John</name>
        <age>19</age>
        <home>GuangZhou</home>
    </person>
</persons>

1、读取XML文件

    
    
//Java读取XML文件
public static void readXML(){
   DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
      try{
          DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
          Document document = builder.parse(new File("test.xml"));

          Element rootElement = document.getDocumentElement();      //获取Document对象的根元素；
          NodeList personList = rootElement.getElementsByTagName("person");     //获取节点元素列表

          for(int i=0;i<personList.getLength();i++){      //循环处理person节点对象
              Element person = (Element)personList.item(i);
              for(Node node = person.getFirstChild() ; node!=null ; node = node.getNextSibling()){  //循环处理每个perosn节点中的所有子节点
                  if(node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE){
                      String key = node.getNodeName();       //获取该节点的标签名
                      String value = node.getFirstChild().getNodeValue();    //获取该节点的值                      System.out.println(key+":"+value);
                  }
              }
          }
    }catch(Exception ex){
          ex.printStackTrace();
    }
}

2、修改XML文件并保存

    
    
public static void updateAndSave(){
   DocumentBuilderFactory factory  = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   try{
       DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
       Document document = builder.parse(new File("test.xml"));
       Element persons = document.getDocumentElement();        //获取根节点<persons>

      //在<persons>节点下增加一个新的<person>节点
       Element person = document.createElement("person");

       Element name = document.createElement("name");   //创建子节点
       name.setTextContent("Petter");
       Element age = document.createElement("age");
       age.setTextContent("20");
       Element home = document.createElement("home");
       home.setTextContent("ShengZhen");

       person.appendChild(name);     //添加子节点
       person.appendChild(age);
       person.appendChild(home);
       persons.appendChild(person);

       //在<persons>节点下删除<name>="assad"的<perosn>节点；
       NodeList personList = persons.getElementsByTagName("person");
       for(int i=0;i<personList.getLength();i++){
          Element person_i = (Element)personList.item(i);
          Element name_i = (Element)person_i.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0);

          if(name_i.getFirstChild().getNodeValue().equals("Assad")){
            persons.removeChild(person_i);     //通过该节点的父节点删除子节点的方式删除该子节点；
             break;
          }
     }

       //保存至文件
        TransformerFactory factory_t = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        Transformer former = factory_t.newTransformer();
        former.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT,"yes");  //设置输出时XML换行;
        former.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("test_update.xml")));

   }catch(Exception ex){
       ex.printStackTrace();
   }

}

3、创建XML对象并保存

     
     
 public static void create(){
    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    try{
        DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
        Document doc = builder.newDocument();

        //创建节点树
        Element bookstore = doc.createElement("bookstore");   //创建根节点

        Element book = doc.createElement("book");    //创建其他节点
        Element title = doc.createElement("title");
        title.setTextContent("How to Learn Java");
        Element author = doc.createElement("author");
        author.setTextContent("Json");
        book.appendChild(title);
        book.appendChild(author);

        bookstore.appendChild(book);
        doc.appendChild(bookstore);

        //保存
        TransformerFactory factory_t = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        Transformer former = factory_t.newTransformer();
        former.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT,"yes");
        former.transform(new DOMSource(doc),new StreamResult(new File("test_create.xml")));

    }catch(Exception ex){
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
}