广义表法建立二叉树

一直以来对树稍微存在一点儿恐惧感，最近打算好好顺一顺数据结构，于是从二叉树开始对树进行研究。这个方法主要参考殷人昆第二版的数据结构（清华大学出版社第二版）。实现也都是用模板，后来的实例是用char型。其中涉及到友员函数和操作符重载的使用，这一块有点儿忘了，就当复习了一下。

/*********************************
date:2014.5.10
author:andrew
**********************************/
//BinTree.h
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

template<class T>
//definition of the node of binary tree
struct BinTreeNode
{
	T data;                                              //data
	BinTreeNode<T>* lChild, *rChild;    //pointer points to left child and right child
	BinTreeNode() :lChild(NULL), rChild(NULL){};//constructor
	BinTreeNode(T d, BinTreeNode<T> *l=NULL, BinTreeNode<T>*r=NULL)
	{
		data = d;
		lChild = l;
		rChild=r;
	}
};

template<class T>
//class definition
class BinTree
{
public:
	BinTree() :root(NULL){}
	BinTree(T data)
	{
		value = data;
		root = NULL;
	}
	~BinTree()
	{
		destroy(root);
	}
	int Size()
	{
		return Size(root);
	}
	bool isEmpty()
	{
		return (root == NULL) ? true : false;
	}
	BinTreeNode<T> *Parent(BinTreeNode<T> *current)
	{
		return (root == NULL || current == root) ? NULL : Parent(root,current);
	}
	BinTree<T> *LeftChild(BinTreeNode<T> *current)
	{
		return (current != NULL) ? current->lChild : NULL;
	}
	BinTree<T> *RightChild(BinTreeNode<T> *current)
	{
		return (current != NULL) ? current->rChild : NULL;
	}
	BinTreeNode<T> *getRoot()
	{
		return root;
	}
	void CreateBinTree(istream& in,BinTreeNode<char> *subtree);
private:
	BinTreeNode<T> *root;
	T value;
	void destroy(BinTreeNode<T> *subTree);
	BinTreeNode<T> *Parent(BinTreeNode<T>*subTree,BinTreeNode<T>*current);
public:
	void Traverse(BinTreeNode<T> *subTree, ostream& out);
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& in,BinTree<char>& Tree);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, BinTree<char>& Tree);
};

//BinTree.cpp
#include"BinTree.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<stack>
using namespace std;

template<class T>
void BinTree<T>::destroy(BinTreeNode<T> *subTree)
{
	if (subTree != NULL)
	{
		destroy(subTree->lChild);			//delete left subTree  recucively
		destroy(subTree->rChild);		   //delete right subTree recucively
		delete subTree;
	}
}

template<class T>
BinTreeNode<T> *BinTree<T>::Parent(BinTreeNode<T> *subTree, BinTreeNode<T> *current)
{
	if (subTree == NULL)
		return NULL;
	if (subTree->lChild == current || subTree->rChild == current)
		return subTree;
	return Parent(subTree->lChild, current);
	return Parent(subTree->rChild, current);

}

//create binary tree using generalized list
void CreateBinTree(istream& in, BinTreeNode<char> *&subTree)
{
	stack<BinTreeNode<char> *>s;
	subTree = NULL;
	BinTreeNode<char> *p, *t;
	int k;            //tag,1 for left,2 for right
	int count = 0;     //index of string,point to the current handling
	char ch;
	in >> ch;
	while (ch != '#')
	{
		switch (ch)
		{
		case '(':
		{
					s.push(p);
					k = 1;
					break;
		}
		case ')':
		{
					t = s.top();
					s.pop();
					break;
		}
		case ',':
		{
					k = 2;
					break;
		}
		default:
		{
				   p = new BinTreeNode<char>(ch);
				   if (subTree == NULL)
					   subTree = p;
				   else if (k == 1)
				   {
					   t = s.top();
					   t->lChild = p;
				   }
				   else
				   {
					   t = s.top();
					   t->rChild = p;
				   }
		}
		}
		in >> ch;
	}
	cout << "Create successfully!" << endl;
}

template<class T>
void BinTree<T>::Traverse(BinTreeNode<T>*subTree, ostream&out)
{
	if (subTree != NULL)
	{
		out << subTree->data << "  ";
		Traverse(subTree->lChild, out);
		Traverse(subTree->rChild, out);
	}
}

//template<class T>
istream& operator>>(istream& in, BinTree<char>&Tree)
{
	CreateBinTree(in, Tree.root);
	return in;
}

//template<class T>
ostream& operator<< (ostream&out, BinTree<char>&Tree)
{
	out << "Traverse the binary tree:" << endl;
	Tree.Traverse(Tree.root, out);
	out << endl;
	return out;
}

int main()
{
	BinTree<char> bintree;
	BinTreeNode<char> *bTreeNode = NULL;
	cout << "Input generalized list,end with#:" << endl;
	cin >> bintree;
	cout << bintree;
	return 0;
}

测试结果：