使用Apache的httpclient包可以模拟HTTP请求的发送, get和post均可以。最方便的地方就是请求struts等web框架进行测试,省去了做测试页面的差事。
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.BufferedHttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
public class Client {
public String sendGet(String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
String result = null;
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
InputStream in = null;
try {
HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
entity = new BufferedHttpEntity(entity);
in = entity.getContent();
byte[] read = new byte[1024];
byte[] all = new byte[0];
int num;
while ((num = in.read(read)) > 0) {
byte[] temp = new byte[all.length + num];
System.arraycopy(all, 0, temp, 0, all.length);
System.arraycopy(read, 0, temp, all.length, num);
all = temp;
}
result = new String(all, "UTF-8");
}
} finally {
if (in != null) in.close();
get.abort();
}
return result;
}
public String sendPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
String result = null;
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost get = new HttpPost(url);
// 创建表单参数列表
List<NameValuePair> qparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
Set<String> keys = params.keySet();
for (String key : keys) {
qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
// 填充表单
get.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(qparams,"UTF-8"));
HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
entity = new BufferedHttpEntity(entity);
InputStream in = entity.getContent();
byte[] read = new byte[1024];
byte[] all = new byte[0];
int num;
while ((num = in.read(read)) > 0) {
byte[] temp = new byte[all.length + num];
System.arraycopy(all, 0, temp, 0, all.length);
System.arraycopy(read, 0, temp, all.length, num);
all = temp;
}
result = new String(all,"UTF-8");
if (null != in) {
in.close();
}
}
get.abort();
return result;
}
public String sendGet(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
Set<String> keys = params.keySet();
StringBuilder urlBuilder = new StringBuilder(url + "?");
for (String key : keys) {
urlBuilder.append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key)).append("&");
}
urlBuilder.delete(urlBuilder.length() - 1, urlBuilder.length());
return this.sendGet(urlBuilder.toString());
}
}
如果服务器返回的是XML,上面的方法返回的就是xml的字符串,如"<XML><student>......</student></XML>"。在处理xml非常管用。
上面的例子,如果使用第二种或者第三种方法,需要将参数放在Map<String, String>中