Virginia（维吉尼亚）无密钥解密

Virginia无密钥解密

加密

virginia加密是一种多表替换加密方法，通过这种方法，可以有效的解决单表替换中无法应对的字母频度攻击。这种加密方法最重要的就是选取合适的密钥，一旦密钥被公开，保密性也就无从谈起。结合virginia加密原理，给出使用python实现的代码

plainText = "whenigotthethemeithoughtofgooglesartificialintelligencealphagothisprogramoverthebestofhumanplayeriwanttoaskwhenscienceandtechnologycontinuetodevelopwehumanbeingswillbewhatpositionweshouldrealizethatthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyisirreversibleanditconstituteaprimaryprductiveforcebutmanmustkeeppacewiththetimestoenhancetheablitytocontrol"  # 密文
alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" # 26个字母
cipherText = "";
key = "helloworld" # 密钥
keyLen = len(key)
plainTextLen = len(plainText)
j = 0
for i in range(0,plainTextLen):
    j = i%keyLen
    keyNum = alphabet.index(key[j])
    plainNum = alphabet.index(plainText[i])
    plainTemp = alphabet[(keyNum*plainNum)%26] # 密钥对明文作用
    cipherText += plainTemp
print(cipherText)

解密

重点谈谈解密部分。这里的解密主要分为获取密钥长度，根据密钥长度获取密钥，根据密钥获取明文三个部分。

获取密钥长度

使用暴力破解密钥长度的方法，循环遍历可能的密钥长度。每次循环中，记录在这种密钥长度下重复相隔密钥长度密文的次数，从理论上来讲，次数最多的那个密钥长度，最有可能正确。当密文长度足够长时，正确的可能性很高。给出获取密钥长度的python函数代码：

def getKeyLen(cipherText): # 获取密钥长度
    keylength = 1
    maxCount = 0
    for step in range(3,18): # 循环密钥长度
        count = 0
        for i in range(step,len(cipherText)-step):
            if cipherText[i] == cipherText[i+step]: 
                 count += 1
        if count>maxCount:  # 每次保存最大次数的密钥长度
            maxCount = count 
            keylength = step
    return keylength # 返回密钥长度

获取密钥

当已经获取密钥长度之后，我们可以通过分组将相同密钥作用下的密文进行分组，在每一组中，都是一个简单的单表替换加密。在这种情况下，我们通过重合指数法破解密钥，给出获取密钥部分的python函数代码：

def getKey(text,length): # 获取密钥
    key = [] # 定义空白列表用来存密钥
    alphaRate =[0.08167,0.01492,0.02782,0.04253,0.12705,0.02228,0.02015,0.06094,0.06996,0.00153,0.00772,0.04025,0.02406,0.06749,0.07507,0.01929,0.0009,0.05987,0.06327,0.09056,0.02758,0.00978,0.02360,0.0015,0.01974,0.00074]
    matrix =textToList(text,length)
    for i in range(length):
        w = [row[i] for row in matrix] #获取每组密文
        li = countList(w) 
        powLi = [] #算乘积
        for j in range(26):
            Sum = 0.0
            for k in range(26):
                Sum += alphaRate[k]*li[k]
            powLi.append(Sum)
            li = li[1:]+li[:1]#循环移位
        Abs = 100
        ch = ''
        for j in range(len(powLi)):
             if abs(powLi[j] -0.065546)<Abs: # 找出最接近英文字母重合指数的项
                 Abs = abs(powLi[j] -0.065546) # 保存最接近的距离，作为下次比较的基准
                 ch = chr(j+97)
        key.append(ch)
    return key    

破解明文

在已知密钥和明文的基础上，我们很容易就可以得到明文，给出python代码：

def virginiaCrack(cipherText): # 解密函数
    length = getKeyLen(cipherText) #得到密钥长度
    key = getKey(cipherText,length) #找到密钥
    keyStr = ''
    for k in key:
        keyStr+=k
    print('the Key is:',keyStr)
    plainText = ''
    index = 0
    for ch in cipherText:
        c = chr((ord(ch)-ord(key[index%length]))%26+97)
        plainText += c
        index+=1
    return plainText # 返回明文

代码

这是解密部分的全部代码，注意需要自己添加密文文件的位置

def virginiaCrack(cipherText): # 解密函数
    length = getKeyLen(cipherText) #得到密钥长度
    key = getKey(cipherText,length) #找到密钥
    keyStr = ''
    for k in key:
        keyStr+=k
    print('the key:',keyStr)
    plainText = ''
    index = 0
    for ch in cipherText:
        c = chr((ord(ch)-ord(key[index%length]))%26+97)
        plainText += c
        index+=1
    return plainText
def openfile(fileName): # 读文件
    file = open(fileName,'r')
    text = file.read()
    file.close();
    text = text.replace('\n','')
    return text

def getKeyLen(cipherText): # 获取密钥长度
    keylength = 1
    maxCount = 0
    for step in range(3,18): # 循环密钥长度
        count = 0
        for i in range(step,len(cipherText)-step):
            if cipherText[i] == cipherText[i+step]:
                 count += 1
        if count>maxCount:
            maxCount = count
            keylength = step
    return keylength

def getKey(text,length): # 获取密钥
    key = [] # 定义空白列表用来存密钥
    alphaRate =[0.08167,0.01492,0.02782,0.04253,0.12705,0.02228,0.02015,0.06094,0.06996,0.00153,0.00772,0.04025,0.02406,0.06749,0.07507,0.01929,0.0009,0.05987,0.06327,0.09056,0.02758,0.00978,0.02360,0.0015,0.01974,0.00074]
    matrix =textToList(text,length)
    for i in range(length):
        w = [row[i] for row in matrix] #获取每组密文
        li = countList(w) 
        powLi = [] #算乘积
        for j in range(26):
            Sum = 0.0
            for k in range(26):
                Sum += alphaRate[k]*li[k]
            powLi.append(Sum)
            li = li[1:]+li[:1]#循环移位
        Abs = 100
        ch = ''
        for j in range(len(powLi)):
             if abs(powLi[j] -0.065546)<Abs: # 找出最接近英文字母重合指数的项
                 Abs = abs(powLi[j] -0.065546) # 保存最接近的距离，作为下次比较的基准
                 ch = chr(j+97)
        key.append(ch)
    return key                

def countList(lis): # 统计字母频度
    li = []
    alphabet = [chr(i) for i in range(97,123)]
    for c in alphabet:
        count = 0
        for ch in lis:
            if ch == c:
                count+=1
        li.append(count/len(lis))
    return li

def textToList(text,length): # 根据密钥长度将密文分组
    textMatrix = []
    row = []
    index = 0
    for ch in text:
        row.append(ch)
        index += 1
        if index % length ==0:
            textMatrix.append(row)
            row = []
    return textMatrix

if __name__ == '__main__':
    cipherText = openfile(r'') # 这里要根据文档目录的不同而改变
    plainText= virginiaCrack(cipherText)
    print('the plainText:\n',plainText)