CPP_CHEN的专栏

原创 Python idioms, 2 of n

1) Don't do trivial assignment in __init__ of the classDon't:class Foo(object):     def __init__(self):        self.attr1 = 0        self.attr2 = ''        self.attr3 = []        self.at

原创 Python performance 1 of n

If you would like to improve the running performance of Python, try1) Use profile/cProfile to benchmark your program, find the possible hotspot, switch to correct data structure to solve problem etc

原创 Python idioms, 1 of n

Pythonic way to solve problems .1) Sort character in a strings = 'hello'''.join(sorted(s))2) Sort listtable = [(1, 'john', 23), \         (2, 'tom', 13), \         (3, 'lucy', 25), \

原创 smart pointers - C++11, 15 of n

The smart pointers provided by C++11 is straight forward enough. So just providing the interface here for reference.1) shared_ptr2) weak_ptrLow level interfaces3) unique_ptr

原创 clock and time - C++11, 14 of n

C++11 provides chrono library to deal with clock and time.1) Durationsstd::chrono::duration twentySeconds(20);std::chrono::duration> halfAMinute(0.5);std::chrono::duration> oneMillisecond(1);

原创 ratio - C++11, 13 of n

C++11 provides ratio lib to specify compile-time fractions and to perform compile-time arithmetic with them.1) The definitiontemplate class ratio {public:    typedef ratio type;    stati

原创 Concurrency 5, atomics - C++11, 12 of n

1) The high level interfacesFootnote: compare_exchange_strong's implementation pseudocode :bool compare_exchange_strong (T& expected, T desired){    if (this->load() == expected) {

原创 Concurrency 4, condition_variable - C++11, 11 of n

1) condition_variableCalled without the predicate, both wait_for() and wait_until() return the following enumeration class values:std::cv_status::timeout if the absolute timeout happenedstd:

原创 Concurrency 3, mutex and lock - C++11, 10 of n

1) The mutex and lock2) The lock_guard3) The unique_lock4)  call_onceclass X {private:    mutable std::once_flag initDataFlag;    void initData() const;public:    data getDat

原创 Concurrency 2, thread and promise - C++11, 9 of n

1) Low level interfaces:std::thread(launch::async, ...)std::promise, it enables you to provide the data (by using one of its set_...() functions) and All member functions that set the value or e

原创 Concurrency 1, async and future - C++11, 8 of n

1) High level interfaces:async() provides an interface to let a piece of functionality, a callable object run in the background as a separate thread, if possible.Class futureExample:#inclu

原创 Random - C++11, 7 of n

Since C++11, the C++ standard library provides a random-number library. The library provides many well-known distributions, and in addition, it provides multiple engines, which are the sources of rand

原创 IO Stream

1) The class hierarchy. basic_stringbuf is the heart of the IOStream of STLDesign: The IOStream library is designed with a rigid separation of responsibilities.(a) The classes derived from basic

原创 Regex - C++11, 6 of n

1) Raw stringR"delim(...)delim", where delim is a character sequence of at most 16 basic characters except the backslash, whitespace and parentheses.2) Note regex algorithm is greedy3) Main in

原创 string - C++11, 5 of n

(1) Gotchasin C++98, string literals, such as 'hello', was changed to const char*. Sticktly speaking, the original type of a literal such as 'hello' is const char[6]. But this type automatically con

原创 Case ignore compare strings

Solution 1: strcasecmp#include // for strcasecmp#include strcasecmp(s1.c_str(), s2.c_str())Solution 2: equal algorithm +lambda#include #include #include equal(s1.cbegin(), s1.cend()

原创 Remove elements while looping the containers

Gotchas: When removing elements from containers, be careful not to saw off the branch on which you are sitting.There is a big danger that you will remove an element to which your iterator is refer

原创 Function Adapters and Binders - C++11, 4 of n

A function adapter is a function object that enables the composition of function objects with each other, with certain values, or with special functions.Function adaptors provided by C++11.1) Th

原创 Predicates

Gotchas (Effective STL also mentions this gotcha):1) Predicates should be always stateless.2) The operator() member function should be always constclass Nth { // function object that returns t

原创 iterator adaptors - stream iterators

A stream iterator is an iterator adapter that allows you to use a stream as a source or destination of algorithms. In particular, an istream iterator can be used to read elements from an input strea

原创 iterator adaptors - insert iterators

Three different insert iteratorsThe trick Operations:Implementations of insert iterators usually use the following two-step trick:1) Operator * is implemented as a no-op that simply return

原创 operator [] for map and multimap

Gotchas:1) When calling operator [] with a key (index) which doesn't exist in the map, a new key-value  pair gets inserted into the map automatically.std::map coll; // empty mapcout ("hello", 0)

原创 URL Escape characters

原创 urllib in Python 3

urllib/urllib2 in Python 2 have been cleaned up and consolidated in Python 3.Request submodule diagram

原创 shared_ptr enable_shared_from_this - C++11, 3 of n

#include struct S: enable_shared_from_this{};Don't do this:S *p = new S;shared_ptr sp2 = p->shared_from_this();  // throws std::bad_weak_refDo this:shared_ptr p(new S);shared_ptr s