认识IO的本质
一、IO对性能的影响
首先来理解下IO对程序性能的影响:
从上面的表中可以得出的结论是:处理时间与IO时间对吞吐率的影响:把单位处理时间减半,仅能提高吞吐率2.2%。而仅仅缩短I/O延迟10%,就可使吞吐率增加9.7%;把I/O时间减半,吞吐率几乎翻番。
二、理解BIO的局限性
BIO,也称为阻塞IO,是在jdk1.4之前使用的IO模型,BIO的局限可以从下面的叙述中理解:
现在大多数基于Java的应用在处理数据上的不足在于JVM对IO处理的效率。操作系统往往发送给缓冲区的数据是块数据,而JVM的BIO类则把块数据切分为一个一个字节(或者几行文本数据)进行处理,而一次数据的拷贝需要往返几个来回。所以可见传统的BIO类在处理数据的低效。当然,BIO类也可以传送大量的数据,那就是用RandomAccessFile类。而该类提高效率的关键是使用类似于操作系统的read与write系统调用。
这就是说,只要直接使用Java本地接口编写程序,那么IO的效率是不是就能提高了呢?固然,但是直接操作本地操作系统的特性会使得程序绑定于某一类的操作系统,程序无法移植。为了保持Java跨平台的特性,Sun公司推出了java.nio包。具体其实Channel类和Selector类。
IO的操作系统解释
一、缓冲区操作
IO的基础就是缓冲区,本质上将,IO也就是输入/输出,实际上是对数据在缓冲区的移入和移出。
下面这张图描绘了IO的处理处理过程:
当进程执行IO请求时,(进程属于用户空间)进程会执行一次系统调用(也称为陷进)把控制权交给内核。内核接收到请求后,如果数据不在告诉缓存中,会去寻找进程需要的数据并把数据加载到
进程指定的用户空间的缓冲区中;如果进程请求的数据已经在告诉缓存中,那么只需要把高速缓存的数据拷贝到缓冲区即可。
这个过程展示了内核作为中间角色作用,内核直接与硬件设备打交道,用户空间不能直接与硬件设备。这点的原因有两个:一是用户空间的地址都是虚拟地址(至于为什么是虚拟地址则可能需要阅读操作系统的资料了),虚拟地址必须经过转换才能访问硬件设备,这个过程是由MMU(内存管理单元)来完成的;二是为了安全
二、虚拟内存
现代操作系统都使用虚拟内存,所谓虚拟内存就是使用虚假的内存地址取代物理地址(设备地址)。
这样做的好处有两点:一是一个以上的虚拟内存地址可以指向同一个物理地址;二是虚拟内存空间可大于物理地址空间。
由于操作系统的虚拟内存使用能够页式管理方案(内存地址一页一页存放),所以采用虚拟内存后,进程对设备的操作就大大简化了,通过对内存空间的映射,用户空间与内存空间的缓冲区可以指向同一段物理内存空间,这样进程在请求数据的时候就不用在用户空间和内核空间来回拷贝数据了。
为什么虚拟内存空间可以大于物理地址空间,主要是因为进程暂时不用的页面(虚拟内存采用内存分页的方式)保存在外部磁盘,将需要的页面调入内存,原来不用的页面再被置换出去,这样就实现了虚拟内存地址空间大于物理地址空间。
虚拟内存采用内存分页后,内存地址就以页为单位进行管理。回到之前进程请求数据(也就是I/O啦)的过程,MMU会首先找到虚拟地址对应的页,然后根据虚拟页号映射到物理的内存页号(这个过程由硬件完成,速度很快)。
如果当前不存在物理页号与该虚拟页号的映射,那么会产生一个页错误。发生页错误后,进程会执行一次系统调用,从用户态陷入内核态,附带出错的虚拟地址信息,把缺失的页重新调入物理内存。因为物理内存调入的页面数往往是固定的,那么调入一个新的页面势必就会导致一个旧页面被置换出物理内存,这个被置换出去的页面如果是脏的,那么需要首先执行页面调出,将页面的内存输出到磁盘的分页区。一旦出错的页重新调入内存,MMU也会更新新的虚拟地址到物理地址的映射。
三、文件IO
文件IO不同于进程请求数据这一模型,因为文件IO需要与文件系统打交道,而本质上IO都是底层页面的调度的操作,也就是磁盘扇区与内存页面之间的交互。现在IO需要通过文件系统,那么文件系统是如何完成这个过程的转换呢?
了解操作系统的都知道,文件系统实际上的文件的高级抽象,把文件分为元数据和数据,每个文件都有元数据,元数据描述了哪些文件块包含该数据,数据在哪里开始,哪里结束以及最后的修改时间等信息。而文件数据则是实际包含的数据。文件系统把一连串大小一致的数据块组织到一起称为页。当进程请求数据的时候,文件系统会首先确定数据在哪些扇区,然后把相关的扇区读入内存。
引入文件系统后,操作系统I/O的过程如下:
Java NIO系列2:NIO概述1) 确定请求的数据分布在哪些页
2) 在内核空间分配的足够的内存页,以便容纳的文件系统页
3) 在内存页和磁盘的文件系统页之间建立映射
4) 为每一个页产生一个页错误
5) 虚拟内存捕获页错误,执行系统调用,是发生错误的页重新有效
6) 一旦页面调入完成,文件系统对原始数据进行解析,取得需要的内容等信息
基于NIO的IO与之前的BIO有所不同,NIO的核心部分主要由三个类组成:Channel、Selector和Buffer。三者的之间的关系可以这样理解:现在假设有两个进程需要通信,进行A首先将数据传到进程A所在的缓冲区(位于操作系统用户空间的缓冲区),然后缓冲区将数据释放到通道中,数据流经通道,之后将通道的数据排出到进程B所在的缓冲区,进程B的程序代码就可以对进程B所在的缓冲区的数据进行一系列的操作了。这个过程并没有出现Selector(选择器),那么选择器是干嘛的呢?说得简单点,选择器的作用是一个观察者,可以让线程监听各个注册通道中的事件,使得线程可以对注册事件进行操作(比如连接的建立、断开等)。
Channel可以理解为通道,是执行I/O操作的入口,数据可以流向通道,也可以从通道流出。
Channel接口的实现在Java中主要有以下几个:
- FileChannel
- DatagramChannel
- SocketChannel
- ServerSocketChannel
Buffer则是缓冲区,缓冲区是装了固定数量的容器,缓冲区的作用像一个存储器,缓冲区可以被写满或者被释放。如果把通道比作是I/O的入口,那么缓冲区则是I/O的来源,通道的数据需要从缓冲区得到,通道的数据排出的地方也是缓冲区。如果理解TCP/IP的传输协议,这点应该不难理解。
Buffer接口的主要实现有:
- ByteBuffer(字节缓冲区)
- CharBuffer
- DoubleBuffer
- FloatBuffer
- IntBuffer
- LongBuffer
- ShortBuffer
Selector是选择器,选择器通常与通道关联,一个线程可以使用选择器处理多个通道(可以理解为Web服务器的多个连接),使用选择器可以方便线程处理多个连接的触发事件,比如开启了连接、发送了数据以及断开连接等事件。而需要使用Selector仅仅需要将通道(连接)注册到Selector上就可以。
所以Selector与Channel的关系是这样的:
从图中可以看到,服务端的线程通过使用Selector可以注册多个连接Connection对象,这样每个Connection主要监听的事件发生,那么就可以及时通知服务端的Thread对象,从而进行下一步的处理。区别于传统的IO模型——每次有新的连接都需要阻塞等待,直到处理结束后再处理下一个Connection。可以看到,这种处理模型在高并发的场景会马上崩掉。
前言
一直想把NIO系列的文章更新下去,只不过发现在入职支付宝后工作实在是忙,所以一直拖到现在。直接从一个学生过狗成为一名加班狗,好吧,这就是互联网公司的现状吧,但是每天都是充实的,而且发现其他的员工也基本非常乐意加班,难道这就是阿里的文化熏陶?!
废话不多说,还是进入今天的正题,在前面的文章中,我们已经对Java的NIO有了一个粗浅的认识——主要之为了支持非阻塞I/O的操作,之前的BIO则是阻塞的。因为异步性的引入,大大提高了Java在处理异步任务的效率。下面认识下NIO中的缓冲区:
认识缓冲区
缓冲区可以理解为存储固定数量的容器,这些数据可以在存储后被检索,缓冲区的数据可以被写满或者被释放,而这些操作的实现需要认识缓冲区的属性:容量(capacity)、上界(limit)、位置(position)和标记(mark)。这四个属性的关系可以用下图来表示:
理解好这张图,缓冲区的精髓就掌握的四五分了,还有四五分从哪里来呢?当然是实践中来了。这张图传达了如下的信息:
<code class="hljs fix has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">0 <</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> mark <= position <= limit <= capacity</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
容量
容量是指缓冲区可以容纳的最大元素个数,这一容量在缓冲区被创建的时候就被指定了。
上界
就是缓冲区现存元素的计数
位置
下一个要被读取的元素的索引
标记
由于在读取过程中position的值是动态变化,如果在读到某一个位置的时候需要做一个标记以便下次继续读,就可以做一个“书签”,让mark的值等于当前读到的position的值。
在java.nio包中Buffer类是缓冲区的顶层类,其他的缓冲区类都是基于这个类展开的。一个缓冲区类的主要方法如下:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abstract</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Buffer</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取缓冲区的容量</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">capacity</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取下一个将要被读取的元素的索引</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">position</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置缓冲区的位置为新位置</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Buffer <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">position</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> newPositio); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 返回上界</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">limit</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置新的上界</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Buffer <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">limit</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> newLimit); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 返回标记的值</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Buffer <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">mark</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将position重置为mark的值</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Buffer <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">reset</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 清空对上界和位置的操作</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Buffer <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">clear</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 重置position为0并将上界设为远position的值</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Buffer <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">flip</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将position设置0</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Buffer <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">rewind</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 返回剩余未读的元素个数</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">remaining</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 判断是否还有未读的元素</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">hasRemaining</span>( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 判断是否是只读</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abstract</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">isReadOnly</span>( ); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li></ul>
作为一个缓冲区,肯定是需要存取数据的,但是在Buffer类中并没有get和put类似的方法,实际上Java 设计者将get和put方法放到子类实现了。这样设计主要是考虑到在只需要关心缓冲区钟部分数据的情况,因为在这种情况可能有不同的存取策略。
缓冲区实战
现在已经对缓冲区有了一个基本认识,缓冲区的操作主要涉及以下几个部分:
存取
翻转
释放
压缩
标记
比较
批量移动
存取、翻转和释放
在缓冲区存取元素,需要创建缓冲区,存取操作的两个核心方法是:get和put方法,完成翻转只需要调用flip方法。下面是一个简单示例:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.rhwayfun.patchwork.nio.buffer; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.CharBuffer; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @description</span>: Buffer缓冲区演示 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span>: rhwayfun *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @since</span>: 2016-05-21 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">BufferFillDrain</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 位置</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> index = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 需要填充入缓冲区字符串数组</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> String[] strings = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> String[]{ <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Hello, this is a buffer"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"I am learning buffer"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"It is a wonderful world"</span> }; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 申请100字节的缓冲区</span> CharBuffer buffer = CharBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 如果缓存区没有达到上界则可以继续填充</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (fillBuffer(buffer)){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 缓冲区翻转</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// flip可以将上界设为当前position的位置</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 并将position重置为0</span> buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 从缓冲区释放数据</span> drainBuffer(buffer); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 清空缓冲区</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用clear方法可本质上干了两件事</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 一:将上界limit设为容量大小的位置</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 二:将position重置为0</span> buffer.clear(); } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">drainBuffer</span>(CharBuffer buffer) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 得到剩余的元素个数</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> count = buffer.remaining(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < count; i++){ System.out.println(i + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"--->"</span> + buffer.get()); } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">fillBuffer</span>(CharBuffer buffer) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (index >= strings.length) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 依次放入每个字符串数组</span> String s = strings[index++]; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < s.length(); i++){ buffer.put(s.charAt(i)); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>; } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li></ul>
压缩
压缩使用在需要释放缓冲区的空间的场景,执行压缩需要调用compact方法。该方法的会首先将position位置之后的元素(如果没有调用flip方法的话)复制从0开始的位置上,而position位置及之后的元素保持不变,在进行元素复制的过程中position的值也会发生改变。压缩的过程可以用如下的图表示:
下面的代码有演示了这个过程:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.rhwayfun.patchwork.nio.buffer; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.CharBuffer; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @description</span>: 使用compact方法释放一部分数据 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span>: rhwayfun *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @since</span>: 2016-05-21 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">BufferCompact</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) { String s = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"hello"</span>; CharBuffer buffer = CharBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < s.length(); i++){ buffer.put(s.charAt(i)); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将第一个位置的字符h换为M,并填入一个新的字符w</span> buffer.put(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'M'</span>).put(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'w'</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 现在缓冲区的元素是Mellow,position的位置是6,limit和capacity都是10</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用flip方法得到有效元素的位置,其实也就是position的位置</span> buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将M和e两个个字符释放掉</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"release char "</span> + buffer.get()); System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"release char "</span> + buffer.get()); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用compact方法可以回收M和e字符占用的空间</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用compact后position位置是4,</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 0-3位置的字符依次是llow,4-5位置的字符依次是ow</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 虽然4-5位置有字符,但是调用put方法后会被重写</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 并且调用compact方法后limit又回到了capacity的位置,也就是10</span> buffer.compact(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将4-5位置的字符修改为ab</span> buffer.put(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'a'</span>).put(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'b'</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 输出缓冲区的元素,根据上面的分析,最后输出的字符应该是llowab</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 需要先调用flip方法将position设为0,这样才能读到完整的字符</span> buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (buffer.hasRemaining()){ System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"print output "</span> + buffer.get()); } } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li></ul>
比较
缓冲区的比较可以使用equals方法,进行缓冲区的比较的意义在于检测缓冲区包含的数据是否相同。当然,缓冲区的比较也支持使用compareTo方法进行比较。如果buffer1.equals(buffer2)要返回true,那么需要满足以下条件才可以:
- 两个对象类型相同。包含不同数据类型的 buffer 永远不会相等,而且 buffer绝不会等于非 buffer 对象。
- 两个对象都剩余同样数量的元素。Buffer 的容量不需要相同,而且缓冲区中剩余数据的索引也不必相同。但每个缓冲区中剩余元素的数目(从位置到上界)必须相同。
- 在每个缓冲区中应被 Get()函数返回的剩余数据元素序列必须一致。
下面的代码演示了进行缓冲区比较的过程:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.rhwayfun.patchwork.nio.buffer; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.CharBuffer; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @description</span>: 使用equals方法比较两个缓冲区是否相等 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span>: rhwayfun *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @since</span>: 2016-05-21 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">BufferCompareWithEquals</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) { String s1 = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"two com"</span>; String s2 = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com"</span>; CharBuffer buffer1 = CharBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>); CharBuffer buffer2 = CharBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < s1.length(); i++){ buffer1.put(s1.charAt(i)); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用flip方法后limit为7</span> buffer1.flip(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 继续往缓冲区放入一个字符,当前position的位置是1</span> buffer1.put(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'A'</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将当前位置设为4,也就是字符c开始的位置</span> buffer1.position(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*System.out.print("buffer1: "); while (buffer1.hasRemaining()){ System.out.print(buffer1.get() + " "); }*/</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < s2.length();i++){ buffer2.put(s2.charAt(i)); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// limit的位置是3,position的位置是0</span> buffer2.flip(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 现在执行put方法会把位置0的字符c替换为B</span> buffer2.limit(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>); buffer2.put(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'B'</span>); buffer2.position(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>); buffer2.limit(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*System.out.print("buffer2: "); while (buffer2.hasRemaining()){ System.out.print(buffer2.get() + " "); }*/</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 使用equals方法比较两个缓冲区是否相等</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 必须满足三个条件才能返回true</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1)两个缓冲区的对象的类型必须相同</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2)缓冲区的元素不必完全相同,但是如果position到limit之间的元素不相同,也返回false</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3)每个缓冲区get方法得到元素序列必须一致</span> System.out.println(buffer1.equals(buffer2)); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 还可以使用compareTo方法比较两个缓冲区,但是如果两个缓冲区的元素的类型不一致,equals方法返回false</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 而compareTo方法则直接抛出ClassCastException的异常</span> } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li></ul>
批量操作
在之前的get和put方法,一次只能支持操作一个元素,从效率的角度讲还是很低的,那么有没有批量操作的方法呢?在Buffer API中可以使用重载的get和put方法进行批量的操作。下面的代码演示了如何进行缓冲区的批量操作:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.rhwayfun.patchwork.nio.buffer; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.CharBuffer; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @description</span>: 批量操作缓冲区 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span>: rhwayfun *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @since</span>: 2016-05-21 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">BufferBatchOperation</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) { copyToBigArray(); copyToSmallArray(); System.out.println(); putStringToBuffer(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">copyToBigArray</span>() { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将一个缓冲区释放到一个大数组中</span> String s = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"hello,rhwayfun"</span>; CharBuffer buffer = CharBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < s.length(); i++){ buffer.put(s.charAt(i)); } buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建一个大数组</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span>[] array = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span>[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>]; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 如果直接使用get方法将元素释放到array数组中</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 则实际上将数组的0位置到最后一个位置,这里是</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 99,依次将缓冲区的元素释放到数组中。由于缓冲</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 区的元素根本不够,所以会抛出BufferUnderflowException异常</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// buffer.get(array);</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> remaining = buffer.remaining(); buffer.get(array,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,remaining); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 测试array数组</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> c : array){ System.out.print(c + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" "</span>); } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">copyToSmallArray</span>(){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将一个缓冲区释放到一个大数组中</span> String s = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"hello,rhwayfun"</span>; CharBuffer buffer = CharBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < s.length(); i++){ buffer.put(s.charAt(i)); } buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span>[] array = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span>[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>]; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (buffer.hasRemaining()){ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> length = Math.min(array.length,buffer.remaining()); buffer.get(array,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,length); } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">putStringToBuffer</span>(){ String s = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Good morning"</span>; CharBuffer buffer = CharBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>); buffer.put(s); buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (buffer.hasRemaining()) { System.out.print(buffer.get() + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" "</span>); } } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li></ul>
小结
通过以上的叙述以及针对缓冲区的也也演示操作,我们对缓冲区的掌握也更加深入了,其实对缓冲区的理解最关键的还是缓冲区的模型图。这个图理解了,掌握Buffer类的API也就驾轻就熟了。
Java NIO系列4:通道和选择器
前言
今天加班回来,终于有时间继续更新NIO的文章了。在前一篇文章我们讲解了缓冲区的知识,并通过代码演示了如何使用缓冲区的API完成一些操作。这里要讲的通道于缓冲区关系密切,简单来说,缓冲区是填充数据的载体,而通道则可以理解为传输数据的载体。回忆在TCP/IP中建立握手的过程,发送端有一个发送缓冲区而接受端有一个接收缓冲区,进程从缓冲区中取数据,之后缓冲区又可以被填满,而传输数据的网络则可以理解为通道。
通道基础
相比JDK1.4之前的BIO,NIO一个重大的改变就是由原来的每次的连接都会创建一个新的线程区执行,变为只为每个请求创建线程,因为如果一个请求需要建立多次连接的话,BIO的效率就非常低下了。NIO处理事件的模型被称为反应器模型。就是在每个请求到达的时候不会立即进行处理,而是会有一个分发线程将处理请求分发给具体的处理线程进行处理。这样设计的好处在于能够提高吞吐量,提高性能。
那么,这里要提到的通道有什么关系呢?在服务端和客户端有一个专门管理通道的对象,这个对象能够监控每个通道的事件(后台的实现逻辑就是不断轮询每个通道所注册的事件,并判断是否满足要求),如果这个对象发现某个通道所注册的事件发生了,那么注册该事件的通道就可以执行一些自己的处理。
在通道API中,顶层接口是Channel
,代码如下:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> java.nio.channels; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">interface</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Channel</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">isOpen</span>( ); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">close</span>( ) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
在该接口中知有打开和关闭通道的方法,那么这两个方法够用吗?当然不够,实际上更具体的方法都在不同的实现类中。而在通道的实现类中又可以分为两类:FileChannel和SocketChannel。这两种通道的打开方式如下:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 打开Socket通道</span> SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open( ); sc.connect (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> InetSocketAddress (<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"somehost"</span>, someport)); ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open( ); ssc.socket( ).bind (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> InetSocketAddress (somelocalport)); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 打开UDP通道</span> DatagramChannel dc = DatagramChannel.open( ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 打开文件通道</span> RandomAccessFile raf = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> RandomAccessFile (<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"somefile"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"r"</span>); FileChannel fc = raf.getChannel( );</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>
通道实战
通过以上的介绍,我们对通道有了一个基本的认识,下面主要演示如何通过代码的方式使用NIO中通道(由于在NIO应用最广的是Socket通道,所以下面的例子都是基于Socket通道)。
通道的简单使用
下面通过从通道拷贝数据带缓冲区为例,对通道的基本使用做一个简单演示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.rhwayfun.patchwork.nio.channel; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.io.IOException; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.ByteBuffer; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.Channels; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span>: rhwayfun *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @since</span>: 2016-05-28 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ChannelCopy</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建一个源通道</span> ReadableByteChannel source = Channels.newChannel(System.in); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建一个目标通道</span> WritableByteChannel dest = Channels.newChannel(System.out); channelCopy(source,dest); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 关闭通道</span> source.close(); dest.close(); } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 通道拷贝 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> source *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> dest *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @throws</span> IOException */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">channelCopy</span>(ReadableByteChannel source, WritableByteChannel dest) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 申请16 * 1024字节大小的通道</span> ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span> * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1024</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用read方法读取缓冲区的数据</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (source.read(buffer) != -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 翻转缓冲区,执行的操作:</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1、将limit的位置设为position之后的一个位置</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2、将position的位置重置未0</span> buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 当缓冲区还有数据的话就写到目标通道中</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (buffer.hasRemaining()){ dest.write(buffer); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 清空缓冲区</span> buffer.clear(); } } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 通道拷贝的另一种方式 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> source *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> dest *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @throws</span> IOException */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">channelCopy2</span>(ReadableByteChannel source, WritableByteChannel dest) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span> * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1024</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (source.read(buffer) != -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 翻转缓冲区</span> buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将缓冲区的数据写道目标通道</span> dest.write(buffer); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 如果只写了一部分数据,将空间进行压缩,可以重复利用空间</span> buffer.compact(); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 翻转缓冲区</span> buffer.flip(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将剩余的数据写入目标缓冲区</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (buffer.hasRemaining()){ dest.write(buffer); } } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li></ul>
TCP服务器
在前面提到有一个对象对服务端和客户端的通道进行管理,这个对象就是Selector,可以理解为选择器,这个选择器就是为通道服务的。服务器和客户端可以注册自己感兴趣的事件,这样Selector就可以不同的多个通道服务器的状态。通常Selector上可以注册的事件类型如下:
事件描述 | 事件定义 |
---|---|
服务端接收客户端连接事件 | SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT(16) |
客户端连接服务端事件 | SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT(8) |
读事件 | SelectionKey.OP_READ(1) |
写事件 | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE(4) |
比如服务器在Selector对象上注册了OP_ACCEPT事件,那么当有客户端连接上的时候,该事件就可以被响应。
下面实现了一个简单的TCP服务器和客户端:
客户端
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.rhwayfun.patchwork.nio.selector; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.io.IOException; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.net.InetSocketAddress; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.net.SocketAddress; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.ByteBuffer; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.SelectionKey; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.Selector; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.SocketChannel; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span>: rhwayfun *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @since</span>: 2016-05-28 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">SelectorClient</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 连接的主机</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> String host; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 主机的端口</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> port; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 选择器</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Selector selector; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 通道</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> SocketChannel socketChannel; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SelectorClient</span>(String host,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> port){ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>.host = host; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>.port = port; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { init(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">init</span>() <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 打开一个选择器</span> selector = Selector.open(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 打开一个通道</span> socketChannel = SocketChannel.open(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> InetSocketAddress(host,port)); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 要绑定的地址</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//SocketAddress remoteAddress = new InetSocketAddress(host,port);</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绑定到指定的地址</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//socketChannel.bind(remoteAddress);</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 配置为非阻塞模式</span> socketChannel.configureBlocking(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 注册到选择器上</span> socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 监听来自服务端的响应</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> SelectorThread(selector).start(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">writeDataToServer</span>(String message) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(message.getBytes(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>)); socketChannel.write(writeBuffer); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { SelectorClient client = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> SelectorClient(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"localhost"</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6666</span>); client.writeDataToServer(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"我是一个客户端"</span>); } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li></ul>
服务器
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.rhwayfun.patchwork.nio.selector; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.io.IOException; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.net.InetSocketAddress; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.net.ServerSocket; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.net.SocketAddress; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.ByteBuffer; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.SelectionKey; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.Selector; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.SocketChannel; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.charset.Charset; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.util.Iterator; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span>: rhwayfun *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @since</span>: 2016-05-28 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">SelectorServer</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 服务器监听的端口</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> PORT = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6666</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 处理数据的缓冲区</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1024</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 欢迎消息</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String GREETING = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Welcome to here."</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> SelectorServer().start(args); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">start</span>(String[] args) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> port = PORT; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (args.length == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>){ port = Integer.valueOf(args[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]); } System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"listening on port "</span> + port); Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//创建一个ServerChannel</span> ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取通道关联的Socket对象</span> ServerSocket serverSocket = serverChannel.socket(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//要绑定的地址</span> SocketAddress address = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> InetSocketAddress(port); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//创建需要注册的选择器</span> Selector selector = Selector.open(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//把socket对象绑定到指定的地址</span> serverSocket.bind(address); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//配置为非阻塞模式</span> serverChannel.configureBlocking(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//注册通道到选择器</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//第二个参数表名serverChannel感兴趣的事件是OP_ACCEPT类型的事件</span> serverChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 选择器不断循环从选择器中选取已经准备好的通道进行操作</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 选取之后,会对其感兴趣的事件进行处理。将感兴趣的事件</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 处理完毕后将key从集合中删除,表示该通道的事件已经处</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 理完毕</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 这个操作可能会被阻塞,因为不知道注册在这个选择器上的通道是否准备好了</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> n = selector.select(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (n == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>){ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">continue</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取SelectionKey的迭代器对象</span> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (iterator.hasNext()){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取这个key关联的通道</span> SelectionKey key = iterator.next(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 判断感兴趣的事件类型</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (key.isAcceptable()){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 这里可以强制转换为ServerSocketChannel</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 因为在这个选择器上目前只注册了一个该类型的通道</span> ServerSocketChannel server = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 调用accept方法可以得到连接到此地址的客户端连接</span> SocketChannel channel = server.accept(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 注册客户端连接到选择器上,并把感兴趣的事件类型设为可读类型</span> registerChannel(selector,channel,SelectionKey.OP_READ); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 给客户端发送响应消息</span> sayHello(channel); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 如果是可读类型的事件,则获取传输过来的数据</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (key.isReadable()){ readDataFromClient(key); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 将已经处理的key从集合中删除</span> iterator.remove(); } } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (IOException e) { iterator.remove(); } } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> key */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">readDataFromClient</span>(SelectionKey key) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取key管理的Channel对象</span> SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 读取之前需要清空缓冲区</span> buffer.clear(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (channel.read(buffer) < <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>){ channel.close(); }<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> { buffer.flip(); String receiveMsg = Charset.forName(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>).newDecoder().decode(buffer).toString(); System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"receive client message: "</span> + receiveMsg + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" from "</span> + channel.getRemoteAddress()); } } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 向客户端发送响应消息 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> channel *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @throws</span> IOException */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sayHello</span>(SocketChannel channel) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { buffer.clear(); buffer.put(GREETING.getBytes()); buffer.flip(); channel.write(buffer); } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 注册客户端连接到选择器上 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> selector *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> channel *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> opRead *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @throws</span> IOException */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">registerChannel</span>(Selector selector, SocketChannel channel, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> opRead) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (channel == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>){ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设为非阻塞模式</span> channel.configureBlocking(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 注册该channel到选择器上</span> channel.register(selector,opRead); } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">84</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">85</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">86</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">87</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">88</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">89</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">90</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">91</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">92</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">93</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">94</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">95</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">96</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">97</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">98</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">99</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">100</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">101</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">102</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">103</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">104</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">105</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">106</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">107</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">108</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">109</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">110</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">111</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">112</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">113</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">114</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">115</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">116</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">117</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">118</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">119</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">120</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">121</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">122</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">123</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">124</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">125</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">126</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">127</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">128</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">129</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">130</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">131</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">132</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">133</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">134</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">135</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">136</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">137</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">138</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">139</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">140</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">141</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">142</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">143</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">144</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">145</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">146</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">147</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">148</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">149</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">150</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">151</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">152</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">153</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">154</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">155</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; 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padding: 0px 5px;">99</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">100</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">101</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">102</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">103</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">104</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">105</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">106</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">107</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">108</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">109</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">110</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">111</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">112</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">113</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">114</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">115</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">116</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">117</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">118</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">119</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">120</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">121</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">122</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">123</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">124</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">125</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">126</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">127</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">128</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">129</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">130</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">131</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">132</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">133</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">134</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">135</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">136</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">137</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">138</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">139</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">140</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">141</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">142</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">143</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">144</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">145</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">146</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">147</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">148</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">149</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">150</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">151</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">152</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">153</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">154</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">155</li></ul>
通道线程
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.rhwayfun.patchwork.nio.selector; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.io.IOException; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.ByteBuffer; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.SelectionKey; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.Selector; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.channels.SocketChannel; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.nio.charset.Charset; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.util.Iterator; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span>: rhwayfun *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @since</span>: 2016-05-28 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">SelectorThread</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Thread</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Selector selector; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">SelectorThread</span>(Selector selector) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>.selector = selector; } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">run</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取Selector注册的通道数</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> n = selector.select(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (n > <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// selector.selectedKeys()可以获取每个注册通道的key</span> Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (iterator.hasNext()){ SelectionKey key = iterator.next(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (key.isReadable()){ SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel(); ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1024</span>); channel.read(buffer); buffer.flip(); String receiveMsg = Charset.forName(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>).newDecoder().decode(buffer).toString(); System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"receive server message: "</span> + receiveMsg + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" from "</span> + channel.getRemoteAddress()); key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 处理下一个事件</span> iterator.remove(); } } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li></ul>
以上的代码演示如何使用NIO的相关API创建TCP服务器,把上面的代码理解到位,对NIO的API就掌握的差不多了。其实,在NIO编程中,一个重要的思想是非阻塞模式,选择器就是这种思想的体现,体会Selector在通道监听有助于理解非阻塞模式的应用场景。
小结
这样,我们通过实际的代码演示了如何使用NIO的相关API实现一个简单的TCP服务器,关键在于理解NIO模型的原理,非阻塞模式是NIO的思想内核。