准确的PI=3.1415926535897931................
/*
*函数功能:用反正切方法计算圆周率
*函数原形:double PiByArctan(double acc);
*参数:double acc;该计算结果的精度
*返回值:所求圆周率
*时间复杂度:O(n)
*备注:无
*日期:2014/12/1
*原创:是
*作者:EbowTang
*Email:tangyibiao520@163.com
*/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "iostream"
#include <iomanip>
#include <time.h
using namespace std;
double PiByArctan(double acc);
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
double accrucy=0.0001;
double res=0.0;
clock_t start, finish;
double Totaltime;
while (true)
{
cout<<"请输入精度:"<<endl;
cin>>accrucy;
start=clock();
res=PiByArctan(accrucy);
cout<<"计算结果为:"<<setprecision(9) <<res<<" ";
finish=clock();
Totaltime=finish-start;
cout<<"程序所花时间为:"<<Totaltime<<"毫秒"<<endl;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
double PiByArctan(double acc)
{
double tempacc=1.0;
int n=1;
int f=-1;//正负系数
double sum=0.0;
int count=0;//用于统计迭代次数
while (tempacc>acc)
{
f=-f;
tempacc=1.0/n;
sum=sum+f*tempacc;
n=n+2;
count++;
}
sum=4*sum;
cout<<"反正切函数迭代次数:"<<count<<" ";
return sum;
}
/*
*函数功能:用蒙卡罗特方法计算圆周率
*函数原形:double Menkalote( int Runs);
*参数:int Runs;
*返回值:所求圆周率
*时间复杂度:O(n^2)
*备注:无
*日期:2014/12/2
*原创:是
*作者:EbowTang
*Email:tangyibiao520@163.com
*/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <iomanip>
#include <time.h>
using namespace std;
double Menkalote( int );
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
int Runs=0;
double pi=0.0;
int count=0;
clock_t start, finish;
double totaltime=0.0;
while (true)
{
cout<<"请输入“打靶”点数(只能测试10次):"<<endl;
cin>>Runs;
start = clock();
pi=Menkalote(Runs);
cout<<"PI="<<setprecision(9)<<pi<<" ";
finish = clock();
count++;
if (count>10)
break;
totaltime=finish-start;
cout<<"程序所花时间为:"<<totaltime<<"毫秒"<<endl;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
double Menkalote(int Runs)
{
srand(unsigned int(time(NULL)));//初始化随机函数种子
const int MAX_TIMES = Runs;
int inside = 0;//记录1/4圆的点个数
for(int i = 0; i < MAX_TIMES; ++i) {
double x = static_cast<double>(rand()) / RAND_MAX;
double y = static_cast<double>(rand()) / RAND_MAX;
if(x * x + y * y <= 1.0)
++inside;
}
double pi = 4.0 * inside / MAX_TIMES;
return pi;
}
// ConsoleAppPiByIntegral.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//
/*
*函数功能:用数值积分法计算圆周率
*函数原形:double PiByIntegral(double a,double b,int n);
*参数:double a,double b,int n,前两个是积分区间,后一个积分区间的分隔数
*返回值:圆周率
*时间复杂度:O(n)
*备注:无
*日期:2014/12/3
*原创:是
*作者:EbowTang
*Email:tangyibiao520@163.com
*/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "iostream"
#include <iomanip>
#include <time.h>
using namespace std;
double Func(double x);
double PiByIntegral(double a,double b,int n);
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
double x=0.0;
double y=1.0;//积分区间
int n=10;
int count=0;
clock_t start, finish;
double totaltime=0.0;
while (true)
{
cout<<"请输入积分区间分隔数:"<<endl;
cin>>n;
start=clock();
cout<<"PI="<<setprecision(9)<<PiByIntegral(x,y,n)<<" ";
finish=clock();
totaltime=finish-start;
cout<<"程序所花时间为:"<<totaltime<<"毫秒"<<endl;
count++;
if (count>10)
break;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
double Func(double x)
{
return 1.0/(x*x+1);
}
double PiByIntegral(double a,double b,int n)
{
double h=(b-a)/n;
double t=0.0;
double xk=0.0;
for (int k = 0; k < n; k++)
{
xk=a+k*h;
t+=Func(xk);
}
t=h*(Func(a)+Func(b))/2+t*h;
t=4.0*t;
return t;
}
<pre name="code" class="cpp">/<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">*也可以写成这种表达式,反正换汤不换药的本质!</span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">double PiByIntegral(double a,double b,int n) </span>
{
<span> </span>double h=(b-a)/n;
<span> </span>double t=0.0;
<span> </span>double xk=0.0;
<span> </span>double sum=0.0;
<span> </span>for (int k = 0; k <= n; k++)
<span> </span>{
<span> </span>xk=a+k*h;
<span> </span>t+=Func(xk);
<span> </span>}
<span> </span>sum=h*t-h*(Func(a)+Func(b))/2;
<span> </span>return 4*sum;
}
*/
最后再数据拟合看看时间和有效正确精度的走势(拟合效果不好):
1,反正切法拟合的结果
2,蒙卡罗特法的拟合结果
3,数值积分法的拟合结果