Linux VMware如何添加虚拟硬盘

1. 创建虚拟硬盘。

 

 

2. 查找硬盘。

[root@lotesting ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hda1   *           1          16      128488+  83  Linux
/dev/hda2              17          81      522112+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/hda3              82         562     3863632+  8e  Linux LVM
/dev/hda4             563        1044     3871665    5  Extended
/dev/hda5             563        1044     3871633+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/hdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4161 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes

Disk /dev/hdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

注意：红色部分表示系统发现了未格式化的硬盘/dev/hdb，这便是我们要添加的硬盘。

3. 格式化硬盘。

[root@lotesting ~]# fdisk /dev/hdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4161.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-4161, default 1):                                                                回车使用默认设置1，即从第一个柱面开始创建分区。
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-4161, default 4161):            回车使用默认最后一个柱面为分区的结束。
Using default value 4161

Command (m for help): w                                                                            保存修改到分区表。
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

 

注意： 此时还不能挂载， 因为只有在分区上面创建了文件系统， 才能进行挂载， 所以总是说挂载文件系统。

[root@lotesting ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hda1   *           1          16      128488+  83  Linux
/dev/hda2              17          81      522112+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/hda3              82         562     3863632+  8e  Linux LVM
/dev/hda4             563        1044     3871665    5  Extended
/dev/hda5             563        1044     3871633+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/hdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4161 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hdb1               1        4161     2097112+  83  Linux
[root@lotesting ~]# mount /dev/hdb1 /src
mount: you must specify the filesystem type

 

4. 创建文件系统。

[root@lotesting ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/hdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
262144 inodes, 524278 blocks
26213 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

 

5. 挂载文件系统。

[root@lotesting ~]# mount /dev/hdb1 /src
[root@lotesting ~]# df -l
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda5              3750248   3265340    291328  92% /
/dev/hda1               124427     18467     99536  16% /boot
tmpfs                   107804         0    107804   0% /dev/shm
/dev/hdb1              2064168     35880   1923436   2% /src
[root@lotesting ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda5             3.6G  3.2G  285M  92% /
/dev/hda1             122M   19M   98M  16% /boot
tmpfs                 106M     0  106M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/hdb1             2.0G   36M  1.9G   2% /src
[root@lotesting ~]#

为了实现开机自动挂载， 我们可以修改fstab文件，添加红色部分。

[root@lotesting ~]# cat /etc/fstab
LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
LABEL=/boot             /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
LABEL=SWAP-hda2         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/hdb1              /src               ext3    defaults        1 2

重起后，即可看到新添加的硬盘所对应的文件系统。