一个简单的Java 3D源代码

这段源代码实现了在一个窗体中显示一个场景；以一个棋盘格做的地面，在地面上浮着一个蓝色的球体，在场景中有一个环境光和一个直射光，实现了用鼠标全角度的观察场景的功能。从某种意义上来说这的确实现了一部3D游戏最原始的框架。

 

代码是照着《Killer Game Programming in Java》一书中关于3D游戏制作的那部分写的，由于此书是英文版的据说在国内也买不到中文翻译版的，看得很费力，本人英文不好。只能慢慢的研究书中的源代码。

 

下面说明下源代码的文件功能

GameMain.java - 程序的入口。

ScreenManager.Java - 实现一个很简单的窗体类从JFrame派生，目前只返回一个窗体，以后可能实现最复杂的功能。

WrapCheckers3D.Java - 实现一个简单的3D场景类，能实现一个简单的鼠标操作。

CheckerFloor.Java - 实现一个国际象棋般的棋盘格做来场景中的地面。

ColouredTile.Java - 派生自Shape3D类，能实现一个正方体平面，用来为CheckerFloor类实现棋盘格

 

GameMain.Java

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class GameMain { private static int scrWidth = 800; private static int scrHeight = 600; private static int scrBitdepth = 32; private JFrame gameFrame; private WrapCheckers3D wrap; public static void main(String[] args) { GameMain game = new GameMain(); } public GameMain() { ScreenManager screen = new ScreenManager(scrWidth,scrHeight,scrBitdepth,"Java 3D Test"); screen.setWindowMode(); gameFrame = screen.getFrame(); wrap = new WrapCheckers3D(scrWidth,scrHeight); gameFrame.add(wrap); } }

 

ScreenManager.Java

import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.DisplayMode; import java.awt.GraphicsDevice; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import java.awt.Insets; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class ScreenManager { private GraphicsDevice device; private JFrame frame; private String title; private boolean isResizable; private boolean isWindowMode; private int scrWidth; private int scrHeight; private int scrBitdepth; public ScreenManager(int scrWidth,int scrHeight,int scrBitdepth,String title) { this.scrWidth = scrWidth; this.scrHeight = scrHeight; this.scrBitdepth = scrBitdepth; this.title = title; } public void setWindowMode() { frame = new JFrame(); frame.setResizable(false);//禁止窗体改变大小 frame.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(scrWidth,scrHeight)); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE);//响应窗体的关闭事件，但不关闭窗体 frame.setVisible(true); // 侦听窗体事件并捕获窗体关闭中的事件，在用户确认后退出程序 frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){ public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { int res = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "是否退出！","退出",JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION); if(res == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) closeFrame(); } }); this.setFrametoCenter(); } public void setFullWindowMode() { if(frame != null) { device = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getDefaultScreenDevice(); DisplayMode displayMode = device.getDisplayMode(); frame.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(displayMode.getWidth(),displayMode.getHeight())); } } public int getWidth() { return scrWidth; } public int getHeight() { return scrHeight; } public JFrame getFrame() { return frame; } // 将窗体在显示屏幕内居中显示 public void setFrametoCenter() { if(device!=null) return; Insets inset = frame.getInsets(); int scrx=0; int scry=0; Dimension scrSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize(); if(scrSize.width > scrWidth) scrx = (scrSize.width-scrWidth)/2; if(scrSize.height > scrHeight) scry = (scrSize.height-scrHeight)/2; frame.setBounds(scrx-inset.left, scry-inset.top, scrWidth+inset.right+inset.left, scrHeight+inset.bottom+inset.top); } // 关闭窗体事件 public void closeFrame() { frame.dispose(); System.exit(0); } }

 

WrapCheckers3D.Java

import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.vp.OrbitBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Sphere; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.ViewingPlatform; public class WrapCheckers3D extends JPanel { private BranchGroup sceneBg; private SimpleUniverse su; private BoundingSphere bounds; private static final float BOUNDSIZE=100.0f; public WrapCheckers3D(int width,int height) { this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration(); Canvas3D canvas = new Canvas3D(config); this.add("Center",canvas); canvas.setBounds(0, 0, width, height); su = new SimpleUniverse(canvas); createSceneGroup(); initUserPosition(); orbitControls(canvas); su.addBranchGraph(sceneBg); } public void createSceneGroup() { sceneBg = new BranchGroup(); bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0,0,0),BOUNDSIZE); lightScene(); addBackground(); sceneBg.addChild(new CheckerFloor().getBG()); floatingSphere(); sceneBg.compile(); } private void lightScene() { Color3f white = new Color3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f); AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(white); ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); sceneBg.addChild(ambientLightNode); Vector3f lightDirection = new Vector3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f); DirectionalLight light = new DirectionalLight(white,lightDirection); light.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); sceneBg.addChild(light); } private void addBackground() { Background back = new Background(); back.setApplicationBounds(bounds); back.setColor(0.17f, 0.62f, 0.92f); sceneBg.addChild(back); } private void floatingSphere() { Color3f black = new Color3f(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f); Color3f blue = new Color3f(0.3f,0.3f,0.8f); Color3f specular = new Color3f(0.9f,0.9f,0.9f); Material blueMat = new Material(blue,black,blue,specular,25.0f); blueMat.setLightingEnable(true); Appearance blueApp = new Appearance(); blueApp.setMaterial(blueMat); Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D(); t3d.set(new Vector3f(0,4,0)); TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup(t3d); tg.addChild(new Sphere(2.0f,blueApp)); sceneBg.addChild(tg); } private void initUserPosition() { ViewingPlatform vp = su.getViewingPlatform(); TransformGroup steerTG = vp.getViewPlatformTransform(); Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D(); steerTG.getTransform(t3d); t3d.lookAt(new Point3d(0,5,20), new Point3d(0,0,0), new Vector3d(0,1,0)); t3d.invert(); steerTG.setTransform(t3d); } private void orbitControls(Canvas3D canvas) { OrbitBehavior orbit = new OrbitBehavior(canvas, OrbitBehavior.REVERSE_ALL); orbit.setSchedulingBounds(bounds); ViewingPlatform vp = su.getViewingPlatform( ); vp.setViewPlatformBehavior(orbit); } }

 

CheckerFloor.Java

import java.awt.Font; import java.util.ArrayList; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Text2D; public class CheckerFloor { private BranchGroup floor; public CheckerFloor() { floor = new BranchGroup(); } public BranchGroup getBG() { Color3f blue = new Color3f(0, 0, 1); Color3f green = new Color3f(0, 1, 0); boolean isBlue = true; for (int j = -10; j < 9; j++) { for (int i = -10; i < 9; i++) { Point3d t1 = new Point3d(i, 0, j); Point3d t2 = new Point3d(i + 1, 0, j); Point3d t3 = new Point3d(i + 1, 0, j + 1); Point3d t4 = new Point3d(i, 0, j + 1); ArrayList<Point3d> tileCoord = new ArrayList<Point3d>(); tileCoord.add(t1); tileCoord.add(t2); tileCoord.add(t3); tileCoord.add(t4); if (isBlue) floor.addChild(new ColouredTile(tileCoord, blue)); else floor.addChild(new ColouredTile(tileCoord, green)); isBlue = !isBlue; floor.addChild(makeText(new Vector3f(i,0,j),"("+i+","+j+")")); } } return floor; } public TransformGroup makeText(Vector3f pt, String text) { Color3f white = new Color3f(1, 0, 0); Text2D message = new Text2D(text, white, "SansSerif", 36, Font.BOLD); TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup(); Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D(); t3d.setTranslation(pt); tg.setTransform(t3d); tg.addChild(message); return tg; } }

 

ColouredTile.Java

import java.util.ArrayList; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.PolygonAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.QuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; public class ColouredTile extends Shape3D { private ArrayList<Point3d> coord; private Color3f color; private QuadArray plane; public ColouredTile(ArrayList<Point3d> coord,Color3f color) { this.coord = coord; this.color = color; plane = new QuadArray(coord.size(),GeometryArray.COORDINATES | GeometryArray.COLOR_3); createGeometry(); createAppearance(); } public void createGeometry() { int numPoints = coord.size(); Point3d[] points = new Point3d[numPoints]; coord.toArray(points); plane.setCoordinates(0, points); Color3f[] colors = new Color3f[numPoints]; for(int i=0;i<numPoints;i++) colors[i] = this.color; plane.setColors(0, colors); this.setGeometry(plane); } public void createAppearance() { Appearance app = new Appearance(); PolygonAttributes pa = new PolygonAttributes(); pa.setCullFace(PolygonAttributes.CULL_NONE); app.setPolygonAttributes(pa); this.setAppearance(app); } }