C#中编写多线程程序之起步

   .net将关于多线程的功能定义在System.Threading名字空间中。因此,要使用多线程,必须先声明引用此名字空间(using System.Threading;)。

  即使你没有编写多线程应用程序的经验,也可能听说过“启动线程”“杀死线程”这些词,其实除了这两个外,涉及多线程方面的还有诸如“暂停线程”“优先级”“挂起线程”“恢复线程”等等。下面将一个一个的解释。

  a.启动线程

  顾名思义,“启动线程”就是新建并启动一个线程的意思,如下代码可实现:

Thread thread1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart( Count));

  其中的 Count 是将要被新线程执行的函数。

  b.杀死线程

  “杀死线程”就是将一线程斩草除根,为了不白费力气,在杀死一个线程前最好先判断它是否还活着(通过 IsAlive 属性),然后就可以调用 Abort 方法来杀死此线程。

  c.暂停线程

  它的意思就是让一个正在运行的线程休眠一段时间。如 thread.Sleep(1000); 就是让线程休眠1秒钟。

  d.优先级

  这个用不着解释了。Thread类中有一个ThreadPriority属性,它用来设置优先级,但不能保证 操作系统会接受该优先级。一个线程的优先级可 分为5种:Normal, AboveNormal, BelowNormal, Highest, Lowest。具体实现例子如下:

thread.Priority = ThreadPriority.Highest;

  e.挂起线程

  Thread类的Suspend方法用来挂起线程,知道调用Resume,此线程才可以继续执行。如果线程已经挂起,那就不会起作用。

if (thread.ThreadState = ThreadState.Running)
{
 thread.Suspend();
}

  f.恢复线程

  用来恢复已经挂起的线程,以让它继续执行,如果线程没挂起,也不会起作用。

if (thread.ThreadState = ThreadState.Suspended)
{
 thread.Resume();
}

  下面将列出一个例子,以说明简单的线程处理功能。此例子来自于帮助文档。

using System;
using System.Threading;
// Simple threading scenario: Start a static method running
// on a second thread.
public class ThreadExample {
 // The ThreadProc method is called when the thread starts.
 // It loops ten times, writing to the console and yielding
 // the rest of its time slice each time, and then ends.
 public static void ThreadProc() {
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
   Console.WriteLine("ThreadProc: {0}", i);
   // Yield the rest of the time slice.
   Thread.Sleep(0);
  }
 }

 public static void Main() {
  Console.WriteLine("Main thread: Start a second thread.");
  // The constructor for the Thread class requires a ThreadStart
  // delegate that represents the method to be executed on the
  // thread. C# simplifies the creation of this delegate.
  Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ThreadProc));
  // Start ThreadProc. On a uniprocessor, the thread does not get
  // any processor time until the main thread yields. Uncomment
  // the Thread.Sleep that follows t.Start() to see the difference.
  t.Start();
  //Thread.Sleep(0);

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
   Console.WriteLine("Main thread: Do some work.");
   Thread.Sleep(0);
  }

  Console.WriteLine("Main thread: Call Join(), to wait until ThreadProc ends.");
  t.Join();
  Console.WriteLine("Main thread: ThreadProc.Join has returned. Press Enter to end program.");
  Console.ReadLine();
 }
}

  此代码产生的输出类似如下内容:

Main thread: Start a second thread.
Main thread: Do some work.
ThreadProc: 0
Main thread: Do some work.
ThreadProc: 1
Main thread: Do some work.
ThreadProc: 2
Main thread: Do some work.
ThreadProc: 3
Main thread: Call Join(), to wait until ThreadProc ends.
ThreadProc: 4
ThreadProc: 5
ThreadProc: 6
ThreadProc: 7
ThreadProc: 8
ThreadProc: 9
Main thread: ThreadProc.Join has returned. Press Enter to end program.

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