快速入门Openstack，无脑多节点部署Mitaka（4）--Glance部署

最新推荐文章于 2020-04-10 09:20:44 发布

HenryNg1994

最新推荐文章于 2020-04-10 09:20:44 发布

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分类专栏： openstack 文章标签： openstack api 公有云

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参考资料：官方配置文档（http://docs.openstack.org/mitaka/install-guide-rdo/glance-install.html）

简介

镜像服务，顾名思义就是管理镜像文件用的。当你在openstack中创建虚拟机的时候，需要的系统镜像文件就是由这个服务提供的。因为它提供了一个REST API让你能够查询虚拟机镜像的元数据和检索一个实际的镜像。所以无论是一个简单的file systems还是一个OpenStack Object Storage，你都可以通过Image service在各种不同的位置上存储一个虚拟机镜像。

一个拓展知识–>不知道大家有没有疑问，服务之间都是如何通过一个API去发送请求和响应请求的？我觉得这得从RESET API说起，如果有开发经验的小朋友还是很清楚这东西的。RESTful（Representational State Transfer）是一种设计风格而不是标准，它是目前最流行的一种互联网软件架构。openstack各个项目都提供了RESTful架构的API作为对外提供的接口，而RESETful架构的核心是资源与资源上的操作（从RESTful的角度上看，任何东西都可以是资源，包括一张图片，一段文本，一首歌曲和一种服务等等）。这也就是说，openstack定义了很多资源，并实现了针对这些资源的各种操作函数。openstack的API服务进程收到客户端的HTTP请求时，一个所谓的路由模块会将请求的URL转换成相应的资源，并路由到合适的操作函数上。比如执行nova list命令时，nova客户端将这个命令转换成HTTP请求发送给Nova的API服务进程，然后被路由到一个’index’操作，最后就会列出当前租户的所有虚拟机。

准备工作

Before you install and configure the Image service, you must create a database, service credentials, and API endpoints.
1.创建glance数据库，设置密码，123456是我设置的密码
command：

mysql -u root -p123456
CREATE DATABASE glance;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
exit

OutPut:

[root@controller ~]# mysql -u root -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 24
Server version: 10.1.12-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
[root@controller ~]#

2.创建glance用户，设置密码

[root@controller ~]# source ~/admin-openrc
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field     | Value                            |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | 098b1a4d36d241ed87e979ec86d32722 |
| enabled   | True                             |
| id        | ac242ac0f6b34296aa411a864fc32b16 |
| name      | glance                           |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin  #添加glance用户为service project的adminRole

3.创建glance service :

[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Image                  |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 09dfb860d1654ecfa2a67ee84e25d47c |
| name        | glance                           |
| type        | image                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

4.创建镜像服务的API认证端口，同样提供三种形式的API endpoint：admin管理, internal内部, and public外部

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://controller.example.com:9292
+--------------+------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                              |
+--------------+------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                               |
| id           | f593b133cdf442f786531fb2c12f594f   |
| interface    | public                             |
| region       | RegionOne                          |
| region_id    | RegionOne                          |
| service_id   | 09dfb860d1654ecfa2a67ee84e25d47c   |
| service_name | glance                             |
| service_type | image                              |
| url          | http://controller.example.com:9292 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://controller.example.com:9292
+--------------+------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                              |
+--------------+------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                               |
| id           | 8b89a264a4d04f3a9f4d1706e4456521   |
| interface    | internal                           |
| region       | RegionOne                          |
| region_id    | RegionOne                          |
| service_id   | 09dfb860d1654ecfa2a67ee84e25d47c   |
| service_name | glance                             |
| service_type | image                              |
| url          | http://controller.example.com:9292 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://controller.example.com:9292
+--------------+------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                              |
+--------------+------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                               |
| id           | 37870c664e1841fea72e24ad0b8f38c0   |
| interface    | admin                              |
| region       | RegionOne                          |
| region_id    | RegionOne                          |
| service_id   | 09dfb860d1654ecfa2a67ee84e25d47c   |
| service_name | glance                             |
| service_type | image                              |
| url          | http://controller.example.com:9292 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]#

安装

1.安装glance组件
yum install openstack-glance -y
2.编辑 /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
编辑前我们先对文件做个备份，用处挺多的。
cp -p /etc/glance/glance-api.conf /etc/glance/glance-api.conf.bak
vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf

[database]
...
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123456@controller.example.com/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller.example.com:5000
auth_url = http://controller.example.com:35357
memcached_servers = controller.example.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 123456
[paste_deploy]
...
flavor = keystone
[glance_store]
...
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/

总览：

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/glance/glance-api.conf | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$
[DEFAULT]
[cors]
[cors.subdomain]
[database]  #连接数据库，123456是我的glance数据库的密码
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123456@controller.example.com/glance
[glance_store]  #配置本地文件系统存储和镜像文件的存放路径
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/
[image_format]
[keystone_authtoken]  #keystone认证模块，官档强调要注释或者删除这个模块中的其他参数，M版默认是全注释掉的，所以我们不需要做其他多余的操作，注意一下就行
auth_uri = http://controller.example.com:5000
auth_url = http://controller.example.com:35357
memcached_servers = controller.example.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance   
password = 123456   #123456是我glance用户的密码
[matchmaker_redis]
[oslo_concurrency]
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_policy]
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
[profiler]
[store_type_location_strategy]
[task]
[taskflow_executor]
[root@controller ~]#

3.编辑/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
cp -p /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf.bak
vim /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

[database]
...
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123456@controller.example.com/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller.example.com:5000
auth_url = http://controller.example.com:35357
memcached_servers = controller.example.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 123456   
[paste_deploy]
...
flavor = keystone

总览:

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$
[DEFAULT]
[database]  #连接数据库
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123456@controller.example.com/glance
[glance_store]
[keystone_authtoken]    #keystone认证模块，官档强调要注释或者删除这个模块中的其他参数，M版默认是全注释掉的，所以我们不需要做其他多余的操作，注意一下就行
auth_uri = http://controller.example.com:5000
auth_url = http://controller.example.com:35357
memcached_servers = controller.example.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 123456   #123456是我glance用户的密码
[matchmaker_redis]
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_policy]
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
[profiler]
[root@controller ~]#

4.同步数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

忽略所有有关’弃用’（deprecate）的输出，如：

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
Option "verbose" from group "DEFAULT" is deprecated for removal.  Its value may be silently ignored in the future.
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_db/sqlalchemy/enginefacade.py:1056: OsloDBDeprecationWarning: EngineFacade is deprecated; please use oslo_db.sqlalchemy.enginefacade
  expire_on_commit=expire_on_commit, _conf=conf)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:146: Warning: Duplicate index 'ix_image_properties_image_id_name' defined on the table 'glance.image_properties'. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)

5.启动服务，并设置为开机自启

systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service \
  openstack-glance-registry.service
systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service \
  openstack-glance-registry.service

验证

1.用wget下载一个 CirrOS镜像，CirrOS是一个小型的系统镜像，有兴趣的朋友可以百度或者谷歌一下。centos7好像自带wget的，反正我的就有，没有的可以用yum install -y wget安装一个。
command:

source ~/admin-openrc
wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.4/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img

OutPut:

[root@controller ~]# source ~/admin-openrc 
[root@controller ~]# wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.4/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img
--2016-08-04 11:46:56--  http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.4/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img
Resolving download.cirros-cloud.net (download.cirros-cloud.net)... 64.90.42.85
Connecting to download.cirros-cloud.net (download.cirros-cloud.net)|64.90.42.85|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 13287936 (13M) [text/plain]
Saving to: ‘cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img’

100%[==============================================>] 13,287,936   113KB/s   in 2m 23s 

2016-08-04 11:49:19 (90.8 KB/s) - ‘cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img’ saved [13287936/13287936]

[root@controller ~]#

2.上传镜像

[root@controller ~]# openstack image create "cirros" \
>   --file cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img \
>   --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \
>   --public
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field            | Value                                                |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| checksum         | ee1eca47dc88f4879d8a229cc70a07c6                     |
| container_format | bare                                                 |
| created_at       | 2016-08-04T03:53:44Z                                 |
| disk_format      | qcow2                                                |
| file             | /v2/images/4bbf51ba-f211-400b-9dfd-eb6db10f4592/file |
| id               | 4bbf51ba-f211-400b-9dfd-eb6db10f4592                 |
| min_disk         | 0                                                    |
| min_ram          | 0                                                    |
| name             | cirros                                               |
| owner            | a406cf3ba524428bbcb853c1d6d4f2f3                     |
| protected        | False                                                |
| schema           | /v2/schemas/image                                    |
| size             | 13287936                                             |
| status           | active                                               |
| tags             |                                                      |
| updated_at       | 2016-08-04T03:53:45Z                                 |
| virtual_size     | None                                                 |
| visibility       | public                                               |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]#

因为是以QCOW2的磁盘格式、bare容器格式、public visibility的方式将镜像上传到Image service，所以所有的用户都能访问这个镜像。
可以在我们之前设置的镜像存储路劲找到我们刚上传的镜像：

[root@controller ~]# ll /var/lib/glance/images/
total 12980
-rw-r----- 1 glance glance 13287936 Aug  4 11:53 4bbf51ba-f211-400b-9dfd-eb6db10f4592

至此Openstack的镜像服务的安装就完成，到目前为止，还没有翻过车，这不清真·····

HenryNg1994

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快速入门Openstack，无脑多节点部署Mitaka（4）--Glance部署

参考资料：官方配置文档（http://docs.openstack.org/mitaka/install-guide-rdo/glance-install.html）简介镜像服务，顾名思义就是管理镜像文件用的。当你在openstack中创建虚拟机的时候，需要的系统镜像文件就是由这个服务提供的。
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