我用的是Hibernate4.2.20+Mysql5.5.28
遇到的问题:运行测试代码时,未能自动创建数据表,此时问题可能有以下原因:
1.hibernate.cfg.xml中未配置数据表自动生成策略;
<!-- 指定数据表生成方式 -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
配置上边的以后才可以自动生成数据表(注:参数值可为 validate,update,create和create-drop ,update的指定若数据库无数据表时自动新建数据表,若存在不进行新建)
2.数据库方言使用不当:
<!-- 配置数据库方言 -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
我的这个需要用到org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect,根据数据库版本不同用的数据库方言也不同,Hibernate提供几种数据库方言,可在hibernate-release-4.2.20.Final\project\etc中的hibernate.properties查看。
根据需求选择数据库方言。
3.映射文件*.hbm.xml中的主键生成方式
<!-- 指定主键生成方式 -->
<generator class="native" />
一般指定native,它是依据底层数据库的能力在identity,sequence,hilo 3中生成器中选择一种,适合跨数据库平台的开发。
还有其他几种生成策略有需要的可以了解一下。
4.自动生成的表与系统中的表重名,也会不能生成
今天就遇见了这样的问题,要生成Customer表和Order表,结果Customer生成了,Order没能生成,把Order改成Order_1就生成成功了。生成数据表的时候需要注意一下系统的本身存在的表名。
下面是完整的代码:
hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 基本数据库连接配置 -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">123456</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/se</property>
<!-- 配置Hibernate基本信息 -->
<!-- 配置数据库方言 -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- 是否在控制台打印SQL语句 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 是否格式化SQL语句 -->
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 指定数据表生成方式 -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping resource="com/Hibernate/zzh/Customer.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="com/Hibernate/zzh/Order_1.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Customer.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2015-10-6 11:47:34 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.Hibernate.zzh.Customer" table="CUSTOMER">
<id name="customerID" type="int">
<column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="customerName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="CUSTOMER_NAME" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Order_1 .hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2015-10-6 11:47:34 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.Hibernate.zzh.Order_1" table="ORDER_1">
<id name="orderID" type="int">
<column name="ORDER_ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="orderName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="ORDER_NAME" />
</property>
<many-to-one name="customer" class="com.Hibernate.zzh.Customer" fetch="join">
<column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
</many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
实体类:
Customer.java
public class Customer {
private int customerID;
private String customerName;
public int getCustomerID() {
return customerID;
}
public void setCustomerID(int customerID) {
this.customerID = customerID;
}
public String getCustomerName() {
return customerName;
}
public void setCustomerName(String customerName) {
this.customerName = customerName;
}
}
Order_1.java
public class Order_1 {
private int orderID;
private String orderName;
private Customer customer;
public int getOrderID() {
return orderID;
}
public void setOrderID(int orderID) {
this.orderID = orderID;
}
public String getOrderName() {
return orderName;
}
public void setOrderName(String orderName) {
this.orderName = orderName;
}
public Customer getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
}
测试类:
Test.java
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
public class Test {
// 1.创建SessionFactory对象
SessionFactory sessionFactory;
Session session;
Transaction transaction;
@Before
public void init() {
// 1).创建Configuration对象,对应hibernate的配置信息
Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
// 2).创建ServiceRegistry对象:hibernate 4.x新添加对象
// hibernate的任何配置和服务都需要在其中注册后才有效
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
.buildServiceRegistry();
sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
// 2.创建Session对象
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
// 3.开启事务
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
}
@After
public void destroy() {
// 5.提交事务
transaction.commit();
// 6.关闭Session
session.close();
// 7.关闭SessionFactory
sessionFactory.close();
}
@org.junit.Test
public void test() {
}
}