//c语言的一些算法函数（i类）.txt
//*********************************************************************************
函数名: imagesize
功 能: 返回保存位图像所需的字节数
用 法: unsigned far imagesize(int left, int top, int right, int bottom);
程序例:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define ARROW_SIZE 10
void draw_arrow(int x, int y);
int main(void)
{
/* request autodetection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
void *arrow;
int x, y, maxx;
unsigned int size;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s/n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
maxx = getmaxx();
x = 0;
y = getmaxy() / 2;
/* draw the image to be grabbed */
draw_arrow(x, y);
/* calculate the size of the image */
size = imagesize(x, y-ARROW_SIZE, x+(4*ARROW_SIZE), y+ARROW_SIZE);
/* allocate memory to hold the image */
arrow = malloc(size);
/* grab the image */
getimage(x, y-ARROW_SIZE, x+(4*ARROW_SIZE), y+ARROW_SIZE, arrow);
/* repeat until a key is pressed */
while (!kbhit())
{
/* erase old image */
putimage(x, y-ARROW_SIZE, arrow, XOR_PUT);
x += ARROW_SIZE;
if (x >= maxx)
x = 0;
/* plot new image */
putimage(x, y-ARROW_SIZE, arrow, XOR_PUT);
}
/* clean up */
free(arrow);
closegraph();
return 0;
}
void draw_arrow(int x, int y)
{
/* draw an arrow on the screen */
moveto(x, y);
linerel(4*ARROW_SIZE, 0);
linerel(-2*ARROW_SIZE, -1*ARROW_SIZE);
linerel(0, 2*ARROW_SIZE);
linerel(2*ARROW_SIZE, -1*ARROW_SIZE);
}
函数名: initgraph
功 能: 初始化图形系统
用 法: void far initgraph(int far *graphdriver, int far *graphmode,
char far *pathtodriver);
程序例:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
/* initialize graphics mode */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s/n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* return with error code */
}
/* draw a line */
line(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy());
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
函数名: inport
功 能: 从硬件端口中输入
用 法: int inp(int protid);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
int main(void)
{
int result;
int port = 0; /* serial port 0 */
result = inport(port);
printf("Word read from port %d = 0x%X/n", port, result);
return 0;
}
函数名: insline
功 能: 在文本窗口中插入一个空行
用 法: void insline(void);
程序例:
#include <conio.h>
int main(void)
{
clrscr();
cprintf("INSLINE inserts an empty line in the text window/r/n");
cprintf("at the cursor position using the current text/r/n");
cprintf("background color. All lines below the empty one/r/n");
cprintf("move down one line and the bottom line scrolls/r/n");
cprintf("off the bottom of the window./r/n");
cprintf("/r/nPress any key to continue:");
gotoxy(1, 3);
getch();
insline();
getch();
return 0;
}
函数名: installuserdriver
功 能: 安装设备驱动程序到BGI设备驱动程序表中
用 法: int far installuserdriver(char far *name, int (*detect)(void));
程序例:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
/* function prototypes */
int huge detectEGA(void);
void checkerrors(void);
int main(void)
{
int gdriver, gmode;
/* install a user written device driver */
gdriver = installuserdriver("EGA", detectEGA);
/* must force use of detection routine */
gdriver = DETECT;
/* check for any installation errors */
checkerrors();
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* check for any initialization errors */
checkerrors();
/* draw a line */
line(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy());
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
/* detects EGA or VGA cards */
int huge detectEGA(void)
{
int driver, mode, sugmode = 0;
detectgraph(&driver, &mode);
if ((driver == EGA) || (driver == VGA))
/* return suggested video mode number */
return sugmode;
else
/* return an error code */
return grError;
}
/* check for and report any graphics errors */
void checkerrors(void)
{
int errorcode;
/* read result of last graphics operation */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s/n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1);
}
}
函数名: installuserfont
功 能: 安装未嵌入BGI系统的字体文件(CHR)
用 法: int far installuserfont(char far *name);
程序例:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
/* function prototype */
void checkerrors(void);
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
int userfont;
int midx, midy;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* check for any initialization errors */
checkerrors();
/* install a user defined font file */
userfont = installuserfont("USER.CHR");
/* check for any installation errors */
checkerrors();
/* select the user font */
settextstyle(userfont, HORIZ_DIR, 4);
/* output some text */
outtextxy(midx, midy, "Testing!");
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
/* check for and report any graphics errors */
void checkerrors(void)
{
int errorcode;
/* read result of last graphics operation */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s/n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1);
}
}
函数名: int86
功 能: 通用8086软中断接口
用 法: int int86(int intr_num, union REGS *inregs, union REGS *outregs);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <dos.h>
#define VIDEO 0x10
void movetoxy(int x, int y)
{
union REGS regs;
regs.h.ah = 2; /* set cursor postion */
regs.h.dh = y;
regs.h.dl = x;
regs.h.bh = 0; /* video page 0 */
int86(VIDEO, ?s, ?s);
}
int main(void)
{
clrscr();
movetoxy(35, 10);
printf("Hello/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: int86x
功 能: 通用8086软中断接口
用 法: int int86x(int intr_num, union REGS *insegs, union REGS *outregs,
struct SREGS *segregs);
程序例:
#include <dos.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char filename[80];
union REGS inregs, outregs;
struct SREGS segregs;
printf("Enter filename: ");
gets(filename);
inregs.h.ah = 0x43;
inregs.h.al = 0x21;
inregs.x.dx = FP_OFF(filename);
segregs.ds = FP_SEG(filename);
int86x(0x21, &inregs, &outregs, &segregs);
printf("File attribute: %X/n", outregs.x.cx);
return 0;
}
函数名: intdos
功 能: 通用DOS接口
用 法: int intdos(union REGS *inregs, union REGS *outregs);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
/* deletes file name; returns 0 on success, nonzero on failure */
int delete_file(char near *filename)
{
union REGS regs;
int ret;
regs.h.ah = 0x41; /* delete file */
regs.x.dx = (unsigned) filename;
ret = intdos(?s, ?s);
/* if carry flag is set, there was an error */
return(regs.x.cflag ? ret : 0);
}
int main(void)
{
int err;
err = delete_file("NOTEXIST.$$$");
if (!err)
printf("Able to delete NOTEXIST.$$$/n");
else
printf("Not Able to delete NOTEXIST.$$$/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: intdosx
功 能: 通用DOS中断接口
用 法: int intdosx(union REGS *inregs, union REGS *outregs,
struct SREGS *segregs);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
/* deletes file name; returns 0 on success, nonzero on failure */
int delete_file(char far *filename)
{
union REGS regs; struct SREGS sregs;
int ret;
regs.h.ah = 0x41; /* delete file */
regs.x.dx = FP_OFF(filename);
sregs.ds = FP_SEG(filename);
ret = intdosx(?s, ?s, &sregs);
/* if carry flag is set, there was an error */
return(regs.x.cflag ? ret : 0);
}
int main(void)
{
int err;
err = delete_file("NOTEXIST.$$$");
if (!err)
printf("Able to delete NOTEXIST.$$$/n");
else
printf("Not Able to delete NOTEXIST.$$$/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: intr
功 能: 改变软中断接口
用 法: void intr(int intr_num, struct REGPACK *preg);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dir.h>
#include <dos.h>
#define CF 1 /* Carry flag */
int main(void)
{
char directory[80];
struct REGPACK reg;
printf("Enter directory to change to: ");
gets(directory);
reg.r_ax = 0x3B << 8; /* shift 3Bh into AH */
reg.r_dx = FP_OFF(directory);
reg.r_ds = FP_SEG(directory);
intr(0x21, ?);
if (reg.r_flags & CF)
printf("Directory change failed/n");
getcwd(directory, 80);
printf("The current directory is: %s/n", directory);
return 0;
}
函数名: ioctl
功 能: 控制I/O设备
用 法: int ioctl(int handle, int cmd[,int *argdx, int argcx]);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dir.h>
#include <io.h>
int main(void)
{
int stat;
/* use func 8 to determine if the default drive is removable */
stat = ioctl(0, 8, 0, 0);
if (!stat)
printf("Drive %c is removable./n", getdisk() + 'A');
else
printf("Drive %c is not removable./n", getdisk() + 'A');
return 0;
}
函数名: isatty
功 能: 检查设备类型
用 法: int isatty(int handle);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <io.h>
int main(void)
{
int handle;
handle = fileno(stdprn);
if (isatty(handle))
printf("Handle %d is a device type/n", handle);
else
printf("Handle %d isn't a device type/n", handle);
return 0;
}
函数名: itoa
功 能: 把一整数转换为字符串
用 法: char *itoa(int value, char *string, int radix);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
int number = 12345;
char string[25];
itoa(number, string, 10);
printf("integer = %d string = %s/n", number, string);
return 0;
}
//********************************************************************************
//c语言的一些算法函数（s类）.txt
//********************************************************************************
函数名: sound
功 能: 以指定频率打开PC扬声器
用 法: void sound(unsigned frequency);
程序例:
/* Emits a 7-Hz tone for 10 seconds.
Your PC may not be able to emit a 7-Hz tone. */
#include <dos.h>
int main(void)
{
sound(7);
delay(10000);
nosound();
return 0;
}
函数名: spawnl
功 能: 创建并运行子程序
用 法: int spawnl(int mode, char *pathname, char *arg0,
arg1, ... argn, NULL);
程序例:
#include <process.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main(void)
{
int result;
clrscr();
result = spawnl(P_WAIT, "tcc.exe", NULL);
if (result == -1)
{
perror("Error from spawnl");
exit(1);
}
return 0;
}
函数名: spawnle
功 能: 创建并运行子程序
用 法: int spawnle(int mode, char *pathname, char *arg0,
arg1,..., argn, NULL);
程序例:
/* spawnle() example */
#include <process.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main(void)
{
int result;
clrscr();
result = spawnle(P_WAIT, "tcc.exe", NULL, NULL);
if (result == -1)
{
perror("Error from spawnle");
exit(1);
}
return 0;
}
函数名: sprintf
功 能: 送格式化输出到字符串中
用 法: int sprintf(char *string, char *farmat [,argument,...]);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main(void)
{
char buffer[80];
sprintf(buffer, "An approximation of Pi is %f/n", M_PI);
puts(buffer);
return 0;
}
函数名: sqrt
功 能: 计算平方根
用 法: double sqrt(double x);
程序例:
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
double x = 4.0, result;
result = sqrt(x);
printf("The square root of %lf is %lf/n", x, result);
return 0;
}
函数名: srand
功 能: 初始化随机数发生器
用 法: void srand(unsigned seed);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
int main(void)
{
int i;
time_t t;
srand((unsigned) time(&t));
printf("Ten random numbers from 0 to 99/n/n");
for(i=0; i<10; i++)
printf("%d/n", rand() % 100);
return 0;
}
函数名: sscanf
功 能: 执行从字符串中的格式化输入
用 法: int sscanf(char *string, char *format[,argument,...]);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main(void)
{
char label[20];
char name[20];
int entries = 0;
int loop, age;
double salary;
struct Entry_struct
{
char name[20];
int age;
float salary;
} entry[20];
/* Input a label as a string of characters restricting to 20 characters */
printf("/n/nPlease enter a label for the chart: ");
scanf("%20s", label);
fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */
/* Input number of entries as an integer */
printf("How many entries will there be? (less than 20) ");
scanf("%d", &entries);
fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */
/* input a name restricting input to only letters upper or lower case */
for (loop=0;loop<entries;++loop)
{
printf("Entry %d/n", loop);
printf(" Name : ");
scanf("%[A-Za-z]", entry[loop].name);
fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */
/* input an age as an integer */
printf(" Age : ");
scanf("%d", &entry[loop].age);
fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */
/* input a salary as a float */
printf(" Salary : ");
scanf("%f", &entry[loop].salary);
fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */
}
/* Input a name, age and salary as a string, integer, and double */
printf("/nPlease enter your name, age and salary/n");
scanf("%20s %d %lf", name, &age, &salary);
/* Print out the data that was input */
printf("/n/nTable %s/n",label);
printf("Compiled by %s age %d $%15.2lf/n", name, age, salary);
printf("-----------------------------------------------------/n");
for (loop=0;loop<entries;++loop)
printf("%4d | %-20s | %5d | %15.2lf/n",
loop + 1,
entry[loop].name,
entry[loop].age,
entry[loop].salary);
printf("-----------------------------------------------------/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: stat
功 能: 读取打开文件信息
用 法: int stat(char *pathname, struct stat *buff);
程序例:
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#define FILENAME "TEST.$$$"
int main(void)
{
struct stat statbuf;
FILE *stream;
/* open a file for update */
if ((stream = fopen(FILENAME, "w+")) == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open output file./n");
return(1);
}
/* get information about the file */
stat(FILENAME, &statbuf);
fclose(stream);
/* display the information returned */
if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IFCHR)
printf("Handle refers to a device./n");
if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IFREG)
printf("Handle refers to an ordinary file./n");
if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IREAD)
printf("User has read permission on file./n");
if (statbuf.st_mode & S_IWRITE)
printf("User has write permission on file./n");
printf("Drive letter of file: %c/n", 'A'+statbuf.st_dev);
printf("Size of file in bytes: %ld/n", statbuf.st_size);
printf("Time file last opened: %s/n", ctime(&statbuf.st_ctime));
return 0;
}
函数名: _status87
功 能: 取浮点状态
用 法: unsigned int _status87(void);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <float.h>
int main(void)
{
float x;
double y = 1.5e-100;
printf("Status 87 before error: %x/n", _status87());
x = y; /* <-- force an error to occur */
y = x;
printf("Status 87 after error : %x/n", _status87());
return 0;
}
函数名: stime
功 能: 设置时间
用 法: int stime(long *tp);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <dos.h>
int main(void)
{
time_t t;
struct tm *area;
t = time(NULL);
area = localtime(&t);
printf("Number of seconds since 1/1/1970 is: %ld/n", t);
printf("Local time is: %s", asctime(area));
t++;
area = localtime(&t);
printf("Add a second: %s", asctime(area));
t += 60;
area = localtime(&t);
printf("Add a minute: %s", asctime(area));
t += 3600;
area = localtime(&t);
printf("Add an hour: %s", asctime(area));
t += 86400L;
area = localtime(&t);
printf("Add a day: %s", asctime(area));
t += 2592000L;
area = localtime(&t);
printf("Add a month: %s", asctime(area));
t += 31536000L;
area = localtime(&t);
printf("Add a year: %s", asctime(area));
return 0;
}
函数名: stpcpy
功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个
用 法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char string[10];
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
stpcpy(string, str1);
printf("%s/n", string);
return 0;
}
函数名: strcat
功 能: 字符串拼接函数
用 法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char destination[25];
char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";
strcpy(destination, Borland);
strcat(destination, blank);
strcat(destination, c);
printf("%s/n", destination);
return 0;
}
函数名: strchr
功 能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处/
用 法: char *strchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char string[15];
char *ptr, c = 'r';
strcpy(string, "This is a string");
ptr = strchr(string, c);
if (ptr)
printf("The character %c is at position: %d/n", c, ptr-string);
else
printf("The character was not found/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strcmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 = "ccc";
int ptr;
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3/n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strcpy
功 能: 串拷贝
用 法: char *strcpy(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char string[10];
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
strcpy(string, str1);
printf("%s/n", string);
return 0;
}
函数名: strcspn
功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段
用 法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
char *string1 = "1234567890";
char *string2 = "747DC8";
int length;
length = strcspn(string1, string2);
printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d/n", length);
return 0;
}
函数名: strdup
功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处
用 法: char *strdup(char *str);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";
dup_str = strdup(string);
printf("%s/n", dup_str);
free(dup_str);
return 0;
}
函数名: stricmp
功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串
用 法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;
ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strerror
功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针
用 法: char *strerror(int errnum);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
int main(void)
{
char *buffer;
buffer = strerror(errno);
printf("Error: %s/n", buffer);
return 0;
}
函数名: strcmpi
功 能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strcmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strncmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc";
int ptr;
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3/n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3/n");
return(0);
}
函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
int ptr;
ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strncpy
功 能: 串拷贝
用 法: char *strncpy(char *destin, char *source, int maxlen);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char string[10];
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
strncpy(string, str1, 3);
string[3] = '/0';
printf("%s/n", string);
return 0;
}
函数名: strnicmp
功 能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串
用 法: int strnicmp(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
int ptr;
ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);
if (ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr < 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strnset
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用 法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
char letter = 'x';
printf("string before strnset: %s/n", string);
strnset(string, letter, 13);
printf("string after strnset: %s/n", string);
return 0;
}
函数名: strpbrk
功 能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符
用 法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
char *string2 = "onm";
char *ptr;
ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);
if (ptr)
printf("strpbrk found first character: %c/n", *ptr);
else
printf("strpbrk didn't find character in set/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strrchr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一个出现
用 法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char string[15];
char *ptr, c = 'r';
strcpy(string, "This is a string");
ptr = strrchr(string, c);
if (ptr)
printf("The character %c is at position: %d/n", c, ptr-string);
else
printf("The character was not found/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strrev
功 能: 串倒转
用 法: char *strrev(char *str);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *forward = "string";
printf("Before strrev(): %s/n", forward);
strrev(forward);
printf("After strrev(): %s/n", forward);
return 0;
}
函数名: strset
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用 法: char *strset(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char string[10] = "123456789";
char symbol = 'c';
printf("Before strset(): %s/n", string);
strset(string, symbol);
printf("After strset(): %s/n", string);
return 0;
}
函数名: strspn
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符集的子集的第一次出现
用 法: int strspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
char *string1 = "1234567890";
char *string2 = "123DC8";
int length;
length = strspn(string1, string2);
printf("Character where strings differ is at position %d/n", length);
return 0;
}
函数名: strstr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出现
用 法: char *strstr(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char *str1 = "Borland International", *str2 = "nation", *ptr;
ptr = strstr(str1, str2);
printf("The substring is: %s/n", ptr);
return 0;
}
函数名: strtod
功 能: 将字符串转换为double型值
用 法: double strtod(char *str, char **endptr);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
char input[80], *endptr;
double value;
printf("Enter a floating point number:");
gets(input);
value = strtod(input, &endptr);
printf("The string is %s the number is %lf/n", input, value);
return 0;
}
函数名: strtok
功 能: 查找由在第二个串中指定的分界符分隔开的单词
用 法: char *strtok(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char input[16] = "abc,d";
char *p;
/* strtok places a NULL terminator
in front of the token, if found */
p = strtok(input, ",");
if (p) printf("%s/n", p);
/* A second call to strtok using a NULL
as the first parameter returns a pointer
to the character following the token */
p = strtok(NULL, ",");
if (p) printf("%s/n", p);
return 0;
}
函数名: strtol
功 能: 将串转换为长整数
用 法: long strtol(char *str, char **endptr, int base);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char *string = "87654321", *endptr;
long lnumber;
/* strtol converts string to long integer */
lnumber = strtol(string, &endptr, 10);
printf("string = %s long = %ld/n", string, lnumber);
return 0;
}
函数名: strupr
功 能: 将串中的小写字母转换为大写字母
用 法: char *strupr(char *str);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *ptr;
/* converts string to upper case characters */
ptr = strupr(string);
printf("%s/n", ptr);
return 0;
}
函数名: swab
功 能: 交换字节
用 法: void swab (char *from, char *to, int nbytes);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
char source[15] = "rFna koBlrna d";
char target[15];
int main(void)
{
swab(source, target, strlen(source));
printf("This is target: %s/n", target);
return 0;
}
函数名: system
功 能: 发出一个DOS命令
用 法: int system(char *command);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
printf("About to spawn command.com and run a DOS command/n");
system("dir");
return 0;
}
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