Hashset 使用不当引起的内存泄漏

修改hashset中对象的属性值，且属性值是计算哈希值的字段，这时会引起内存泄漏

即：当一个对象被存储进HashSet集合中以后，就不能修改该对象的参与计算哈希值的属性值了
，否则对象修改后的哈希值与最初存储进HashSet集合中时的哈希值就不同了，在这种情况下，即使在contains方法使用该对象的当前引用作为参数去HashSet集合中检索对象，也将返回找不到对象的结果，这也会导致无法从HashSet集合中删除当前对象，造成内存泄露。

举例说明：

public class HashSetTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Set<Person> set = new HashSet<Person>();
        Person p1 = new Person("唐僧", "pwd1", 25);
        Person p2 = new Person("孙悟空", "pwd2", 26);
        Person p3 = new Person("猪八戒", "pwd3", 27);
        set.add(p1);
        set.add(p2);
        set.add(p3);
        System.out.println("总共有:" + set.size() + " 个元素!"); //结果：总共有:3 个元素!  
        p3.setAge(2); //修改p3的年龄,此时p3元素对应的hashcode值发生改变  
        set.remove(p3); //此时remove不掉，造成内存泄漏  
        set.add(p3); //重新添加，居然添加成功  
        System.out.println("总共有:" + set.size() + " 个元素!"); //结果：总共有:4 个元素!  
        for (Person person : set) {
            System.out.println(person);
        }

    }
}


public class Person {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private int    age;

    public Person(String username, String password, int age) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + age;
        result = prime * result + ((password == null) ? 0 : password.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((username == null) ? 0 : username.hashCode());
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
            return false;
        Person other = (Person) obj;
        if (age != other.age)
            return false;
        if (password == null) {
            if (other.password != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!password.equals(other.password))
            return false;
        if (username == null) {
            if (other.username != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!username.equals(other.username))
            return false;
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.username + "-->" + this.password + "-->" + this.age;
    }

}