Linux下yum安装MySQL yum安装MySQL指定版本

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-16 15:03:08 发布

jerome_s

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-16 15:03:08 发布

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分类专栏：服务器 SQL 文章标签：安装MySQL yum安装MySQL 安装MySQL指定版本

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Jerome_s/article/details/52883234

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yum 安装MySQL

1. 检查安装情况

查看有没有安装过：

yum list installed MySQL* （有存在要卸载yum remove MySQL*）

rpm -qa | grep mysql*

查看有没有安装包：

yum list mysql*

2. 安装 MySQL

安装 MySQL 客户端：

yum -y install mysql

安装 MySQL 服务器端：

yum -y install mysql-server mysql-devel

3. 配置和启动

数据库字符集设置：

MySQL 配置文件/etc/my.cnf中加入default-character-set=utf8

启动 MySQL 服务：

service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start

设置开机启动：

添加开机启动：chkconfig --add mysqld;

开机启动：chkconfig mysqld on;

查看开机启动设置是否成功chkconfig --list | grep mysql* mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭停止：

停止 MySQL 服务：

service mysqld stop

4. MySQL 登陆等权限设置

mysq -u root password 123456

首次使用创建root管理员和密码：

（mysql -u root -p输入密码即可？）

mysql -u root;

use mysql ;

update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";

flush privileges;

忘记密码：

service mysqld stop;

mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables;

这一步骤执行的时候不会出现新的命令行，你需要重新打开一个窗口执行下面的命令

mysql -u root;

use mysql ;

update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";

flush privileges;

如果需要外网可以访问需要再做如下设置：

授权用户可以从远程登陆

grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root @'%' identified by 'pwd123 ';

flush privileges ;

5. 远程访问，开放防火墙的端口号 MySQL

一般开发测试我直接把防火墙关闭，生产的开发对应端口即可：

su root

service iptables stop #关闭防火墙

service iptables status #验证是否关闭

chkconfig iptables off #关闭防火墙的开机自动运行

chkconfig –list | grep iptables #验证防火墙的开机自动运行

vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux # 禁用selinux，将SELINUX=disabled

6. Linux MySQL 的几个重要目录

数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/

配置文件 /usr/share /mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）

相关命令 /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令）

启动脚本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）

7. 删除 MySQL 数据库

如果使用的是 yum 安装的 mysql，需要删除的话，就使用如下命令：

yum -y remove mysql*

然后将 /var/lib/mysql文件夹下的所有文件都删除干净，最后再重新执行上面的安装步骤。

yum 安装 MySQL 指定版本

默认yum只能安装mysql 5.1，我们可以自己配置通过yum安装5.6或者其他版本。

1. 查看系统里面有没有mysql 的repo（可以参考上面第一步卸载）

yum repolist all | grep mysql

2. 如果没有发现，则需要配置repo

只能有一个是 enabled=1的，其他的都得enabled=0。

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo

输入如下内容

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.
# Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

3. 再看看是否存在 MySQL 的 repo

yum repolist enabled | grep mysql

可以看到已经有了。

4. 签名

vim /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

写入如下内容

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