HttpURLConnection为javaAPI提供的一种Rest访问的方式。其支持对Post,Delete,Get,Put等方式的访问。
以下为对于HttpURLConnection对Post等方式访问的一段代码。
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package com.jago.cdn.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class URLConnectionUtil {
private static final String SERVLET_POST = "POST" ;
private static final String SERVLET_GET = "GET" ;
private static final String SERVLET_DELETE = "DELETE" ;
private static final String SERVLET_PUT = "PUT" ;
private static String prepareParam(Map<String,Object> paramMap){
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
if(paramMap.isEmpty()){
return "" ;
}else{
for(String key: paramMap.keySet()){
String value = (String)paramMap.get(key);
if(sb.length()<1){
sb.append(key).append("=").append(value);
}else{
sb.append("&").append(key).append("=").append(value);
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
public static void doPost(String urlStr,Map<String,Object> paramMap ) throws Exception{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(SERVLET_POST);
String paramStr = prepareParam(paramMap);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
os.write(paramStr.toString().getBytes("utf-8"));
os.close();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line ;
String result ="";
while( (line =br.readLine()) != null ){
result += "/n"+line;
}
System.out.println(result);
br.close();
}
public static void doGet(String urlStr,Map<String,Object> paramMap ) throws Exception{
String paramStr = prepareParam(paramMap);
if(paramStr == null || paramStr.trim().length()<1){
}else{
urlStr +="?"+paramStr;
}
System.out.println(urlStr);
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(SERVLET_GET);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/html; charset=UTF-8");
conn.connect();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line ;
String result ="";
while( (line =br.readLine()) != null ){
result += "/n"+line;
}
System.out.println(result);
br.close();
}
public static void doPut(String urlStr,Map<String,Object> paramMap) throws Exception{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(SERVLET_PUT);
String paramStr = prepareParam(paramMap);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
os.write(paramStr.toString().getBytes("utf-8"));
os.close();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line ;
String result ="";
while( (line =br.readLine()) != null ){
result += "/n"+line;
}
System.out.println(result);
br.close();
}
public static void doDelete(String urlStr,Map<String,Object> paramMap) throws Exception{
String paramStr = prepareParam(paramMap);
if(paramStr == null || paramStr.trim().length()<1){
}else{
urlStr +="?"+paramStr;
}
System.out.println(urlStr);
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestMethod(SERVLET_DELETE);
if(conn.getResponseCode() ==200){
System.out.println("成功");
}else{
System.out.println(conn.getResponseCode());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
String urlStr = "http://localhost:8080/SwTest/ReceiveDataServlet";
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
map.put("username","张三");
map.put("password","88888");
// URLConnectionUtil.doGet(urlStr, map);
// URLConnectionUtil.doPost(urlStr, map);
// URLConnectionUtil.doPut(urlStr, map);
URLConnectionUtil.doDelete(urlStr, map);
}
}
方法中是存在重复的。有些方法是可以通过参数的改变来达到统一,但是那样的做法对于程序的扩展性会有很大的局限性。
还是对于每一种方式提供一个单独的方法进行访问比较好。
在Servlet端,获取参数可以通过
request.getInputStream,及request.getParamter来进行。
其中,当Rest访问传入参数是通过conn的outputStream来进行的,可以通过request.getInputStream来进行参数获取(Post方式可通用);
当以url?key=value方法传递参数时,可以通过request.getParamter来进行参数获取。(Post方式可通用)
其中request.getInputStream和request.getParamter两种方式不能同时出现。当 request.getParamter运行的过程,也是输入流的读取过程。当输入流读取完成后,再次调用时无效的。
附上Servlet端程序
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1. package com.sw.servlet;
2.
3. import java.io.BufferedReader;
4. import java.io.IOException;
5. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
6. import java.io.OutputStream;
7.
8. import javax.servlet.ServletException;
9. import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
10. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
11. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
12. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
13.
14. /**
15. * Servlet implementation class ReceiveDataServlet
16. */
17. public class ReceiveDataServlet extends HttpServlet {
18. private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
19.
20. /**
21. * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
22. */
23. public ReceiveDataServlet() {
24. super();
25. // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
26. }
27.
28. /**
29. * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
30. */
31. protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
32. System.out.println("----------get--------------");
33. String username = new String(request.getParameter("username").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
34. String password = new String(request.getParameter("password").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
35. System.out.println(username);
36. System.out.println(password);
37. OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
38. os.write("get".getBytes("utf-8"));
39. }
40.
41. /**
42. * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
43. */
44. protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
45. System.out.println("----------post--------------");
46. BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((ServletInputStream)request.getInputStream()));
47. String line = null;
48. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
49. while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
50. sb.append(line);
51. }
52. System.out.println(sb.toString());
53. br.close();
54. /* String username = new String(request.getParameter("username").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
55. String password = new String(request.getParameter("password").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
56. System.out.println(username);
57. System.out.println(password);
58. */ OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
59. os.write("post".getBytes("utf-8"));
60. }
61.
62. @Override
63. protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
64. throws ServletException, IOException {
65. System.out.println("----------delete--------------");
66. String username = new String(request.getParameter("username").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
67. String password = new String(request.getParameter("password").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
68. System.out.println(username);
69. System.out.println(password);
70. OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
71. os.write("delete".getBytes("utf-8"));
72. }
73.
74. @Override
75. protected void doPut(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
76. throws ServletException, IOException {
77. System.out.println("----------put--------------");
78.
79. /* BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((ServletInputStream)request.getInputStream()));
80. String line = null;
81. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
82. while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
83. sb.append(line);
84. }
85. System.out.println(sb.toString());
86. br.close();*/
87.
88. String username = new String(request.getParameter("username").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
89. String password = new String(request.getParameter("password").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
90. System.out.println(username);
91. System.out.println(password);
92. OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
93. os.write("put".getBytes("utf-8"));
94. }
95.
96. }
程序中对于request.getInputStream和getParameter的获取方式可能说明的会多少有些问题,我也是通过几组测试后得出的结论。肯定有我没有测试到得。如果有问题,请指出,我会再看到评论后进行测试,修改。
另外,Apache的HttpClient非常好。封装的详细。在我的工作中也用到过,在以后会对于HttpClient进行有些单独的程序笔记。
这里HttpUrlConnection是同事在别的项目中用到的,用法比较简单,我大体给他简单讲解了一下,简明扼要,功能完备,还是很方便,
以下为对于HttpURLConnection对Post等方式访问的一段代码。
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
package com.jago.cdn.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class URLConnectionUtil {
private static final String SERVLET_POST = "POST" ;
private static final String SERVLET_GET = "GET" ;
private static final String SERVLET_DELETE = "DELETE" ;
private static final String SERVLET_PUT = "PUT" ;
private static String prepareParam(Map<String,Object> paramMap){
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
if(paramMap.isEmpty()){
return "" ;
}else{
for(String key: paramMap.keySet()){
String value = (String)paramMap.get(key);
if(sb.length()<1){
sb.append(key).append("=").append(value);
}else{
sb.append("&").append(key).append("=").append(value);
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
public static void doPost(String urlStr,Map<String,Object> paramMap ) throws Exception{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(SERVLET_POST);
String paramStr = prepareParam(paramMap);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
os.write(paramStr.toString().getBytes("utf-8"));
os.close();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line ;
String result ="";
while( (line =br.readLine()) != null ){
result += "/n"+line;
}
System.out.println(result);
br.close();
}
public static void doGet(String urlStr,Map<String,Object> paramMap ) throws Exception{
String paramStr = prepareParam(paramMap);
if(paramStr == null || paramStr.trim().length()<1){
}else{
urlStr +="?"+paramStr;
}
System.out.println(urlStr);
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(SERVLET_GET);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/html; charset=UTF-8");
conn.connect();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line ;
String result ="";
while( (line =br.readLine()) != null ){
result += "/n"+line;
}
System.out.println(result);
br.close();
}
public static void doPut(String urlStr,Map<String,Object> paramMap) throws Exception{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(SERVLET_PUT);
String paramStr = prepareParam(paramMap);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
os.write(paramStr.toString().getBytes("utf-8"));
os.close();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line ;
String result ="";
while( (line =br.readLine()) != null ){
result += "/n"+line;
}
System.out.println(result);
br.close();
}
public static void doDelete(String urlStr,Map<String,Object> paramMap) throws Exception{
String paramStr = prepareParam(paramMap);
if(paramStr == null || paramStr.trim().length()<1){
}else{
urlStr +="?"+paramStr;
}
System.out.println(urlStr);
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestMethod(SERVLET_DELETE);
if(conn.getResponseCode() ==200){
System.out.println("成功");
}else{
System.out.println(conn.getResponseCode());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
String urlStr = "http://localhost:8080/SwTest/ReceiveDataServlet";
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
map.put("username","张三");
map.put("password","88888");
// URLConnectionUtil.doGet(urlStr, map);
// URLConnectionUtil.doPost(urlStr, map);
// URLConnectionUtil.doPut(urlStr, map);
URLConnectionUtil.doDelete(urlStr, map);
}
}
方法中是存在重复的。有些方法是可以通过参数的改变来达到统一,但是那样的做法对于程序的扩展性会有很大的局限性。
还是对于每一种方式提供一个单独的方法进行访问比较好。
在Servlet端,获取参数可以通过
request.getInputStream,及request.getParamter来进行。
其中,当Rest访问传入参数是通过conn的outputStream来进行的,可以通过request.getInputStream来进行参数获取(Post方式可通用);
当以url?key=value方法传递参数时,可以通过request.getParamter来进行参数获取。(Post方式可通用)
其中request.getInputStream和request.getParamter两种方式不能同时出现。当 request.getParamter运行的过程,也是输入流的读取过程。当输入流读取完成后,再次调用时无效的。
附上Servlet端程序
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
1. package com.sw.servlet;
2.
3. import java.io.BufferedReader;
4. import java.io.IOException;
5. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
6. import java.io.OutputStream;
7.
8. import javax.servlet.ServletException;
9. import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
10. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
11. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
12. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
13.
14. /**
15. * Servlet implementation class ReceiveDataServlet
16. */
17. public class ReceiveDataServlet extends HttpServlet {
18. private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
19.
20. /**
21. * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
22. */
23. public ReceiveDataServlet() {
24. super();
25. // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
26. }
27.
28. /**
29. * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
30. */
31. protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
32. System.out.println("----------get--------------");
33. String username = new String(request.getParameter("username").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
34. String password = new String(request.getParameter("password").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
35. System.out.println(username);
36. System.out.println(password);
37. OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
38. os.write("get".getBytes("utf-8"));
39. }
40.
41. /**
42. * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
43. */
44. protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
45. System.out.println("----------post--------------");
46. BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((ServletInputStream)request.getInputStream()));
47. String line = null;
48. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
49. while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
50. sb.append(line);
51. }
52. System.out.println(sb.toString());
53. br.close();
54. /* String username = new String(request.getParameter("username").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
55. String password = new String(request.getParameter("password").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
56. System.out.println(username);
57. System.out.println(password);
58. */ OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
59. os.write("post".getBytes("utf-8"));
60. }
61.
62. @Override
63. protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
64. throws ServletException, IOException {
65. System.out.println("----------delete--------------");
66. String username = new String(request.getParameter("username").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
67. String password = new String(request.getParameter("password").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
68. System.out.println(username);
69. System.out.println(password);
70. OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
71. os.write("delete".getBytes("utf-8"));
72. }
73.
74. @Override
75. protected void doPut(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
76. throws ServletException, IOException {
77. System.out.println("----------put--------------");
78.
79. /* BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((ServletInputStream)request.getInputStream()));
80. String line = null;
81. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
82. while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
83. sb.append(line);
84. }
85. System.out.println(sb.toString());
86. br.close();*/
87.
88. String username = new String(request.getParameter("username").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
89. String password = new String(request.getParameter("password").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
90. System.out.println(username);
91. System.out.println(password);
92. OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
93. os.write("put".getBytes("utf-8"));
94. }
95.
96. }
程序中对于request.getInputStream和getParameter的获取方式可能说明的会多少有些问题,我也是通过几组测试后得出的结论。肯定有我没有测试到得。如果有问题,请指出,我会再看到评论后进行测试,修改。
另外,Apache的HttpClient非常好。封装的详细。在我的工作中也用到过,在以后会对于HttpClient进行有些单独的程序笔记。
这里HttpUrlConnection是同事在别的项目中用到的,用法比较简单,我大体给他简单讲解了一下,简明扼要,功能完备,还是很方便,