hdu2296 Ring (AC自动机+dp)

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 3056    Accepted Submission(s): 977

Problem Description

For the hope of a forever love, Steven is planning to send a ring to Jane with a romantic string engraved on. The string's length should not exceed N. The careful Steven knows Jane so deeply that he knows her favorite words, such as "love", "forever". Also, he knows the value of each word. The higher value a word has the more joy Jane will get when see it.
The weight of a word is defined as its appeared times in the romantic string multiply by its value, while the weight of the romantic string is defined as the sum of all words' weight. You should output the string making its weight maximal. 

 

Input

The input consists of several test cases. The first line of input consists of an integer T, indicating the number of test cases. Each test case starts with a line consisting of two integers: N, M, indicating the string's length and the number of Jane's favorite words. Each of the following M lines consists of a favorite word Si. The last line of each test case consists of M integers, while the i-th number indicates the value of Si.
Technical Specification

1. T ≤ 15
2. 0 < N ≤ 50, 0 < M ≤ 100.
3. The length of each word is less than 11 and bigger than 0.
4. 1 ≤ Hi ≤ 100. 
5. All the words in the input are different.
6. All the words just consist of 'a' - 'z'.

 

Output

For each test case, output the string to engrave on a single line.
If there's more than one possible answer, first output the shortest one. If there are still multiple solutions, output the smallest in lexicographically order.

The answer may be an empty string. 

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   2
7 2
love
ever
5 5
5 1
ab
5
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   lovever
abab


   
   

    
    

     
     Hint
    
    
Sample 1: weight(love) = 5, weight(ever) = 5, so weight(lovever) = 5 + 5 = 10
Sample 2: weight(ab) = 2 * 5 = 10, so weight(abab) = 10 

   
   
   
    
  
  

 

题意：给你m个模板串，每个模板串都有自己的价值，让你构造长度为n的字符串，这个字符串中每有一个模板串，整个字符串的总价值就加上那个模板串的价值，一种模板可以重复加，问能构造出来的最大的价值。

思路：构造trie图，然后用dp[i][j]表示长度为i，当前节点为j的最大价值，然后再用char s[i][j]表示当dp[i][j]最大时所对应的字符串。

#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
#define inf 99999999
#define pi acos(-1.0)
#define maxnode 1200
int dp[55][maxnode];
char s1[55][55];
char s[55][maxnode][55];

struct trie{
    int sz,root,val[maxnode],next[maxnode][30],fail[maxnode];
    int q[1111111];
    void init(){
        int i;
        sz=root=0;
        val[0]=0;
        for(i=0;i<26;i++){
            next[root][i]=-1;
        }
    }
    int idx(char c){
        return c-'a';
    }
    void charu(char *s,int value){
        int i,j,u=0;
        int len=strlen(s);
        for(i=0;i<len;i++){
            int c=idx(s[i]);
            if(next[u][c]==-1){
                sz++;
                val[sz]=0;
                next[u][c]=sz;
                u=next[u][c];
                for(j=0;j<26;j++){
                    next[u][j]=-1;
                }
            }
            else{
                u=next[u][c];
            }
        }
        val[u]=value;  //这里要注意
    }
    void build(){
        int i,j;
        int front,rear;
        front=1;rear=0;
        for(i=0;i<26;i++){
            if(next[root][i]==-1 ){
                next[root][i]=root;
            }
            else{
                fail[next[root][i] ]=root;
                rear++;
                q[rear]=next[root][i];
            }
        }
        while(front<=rear){
            int x=q[front];
            val[x]+=val[fail[x] ]; //!!这里是关键点
            front++;
            for(i=0;i<26;i++){
                if(next[x][i]==-1){
                    next[x][i]=next[fail[x] ][i];

                }
                else{
                    fail[next[x][i] ]=next[fail[x] ][i];
                    rear++;
                    q[rear]=next[x][i];
                }

            }
        }
    }
    void solve(int n){
        int i,j,t,sum,len;
        char str[60];
        dp[0][0]=0;
        for(i=0;i<n;i++){
            for(j=0;j<=sz;j++){
                if(dp[i][j]==-1)continue;
                for(t=0;t<26;t++){
                    sum=dp[i][j]+val[next[j][t] ];
                    if(sum>dp[i+1][next[j][t] ] ){
                        dp[i+1][next[j][t] ]=sum;
                        strcpy(s[i+1][next[j][t] ],s[i][j] );
                        len=strlen(s[i][j]);
                        s[i+1][next[j][t] ][len]='a'+t;
                        len++;
                        s[i+1][next[j][t] ][len]='\0';
                    }
                    else if(sum==dp[i+1][next[j][t] ] ){
                        strcpy(str,s[i][j]  );
                        len=strlen(str);
                        str[len]='a'+t;
                        len++;
                        str[len]='\0';
                        if(strcmp(str,s[i+1][next[j][t] ])<0  ){
                            strcpy(s[i+1][next[j][t] ],str );
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}ac;

int main()
{
    int n,m,i,j,T,k,c;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--)
    {
        ac.init();
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        for(i=1;i<=m;i++){
            scanf("%s",s1[i]);
        }
        for(i=1;i<=m;i++){
            scanf("%d",&c);
            ac.charu(s1[i],c);
        }
        ac.build();
        for(i=0;i<=n;i++){
            for(j=0;j<=ac.sz;j++){
                s[i][j][0]='\0';
                dp[i][j]=-1;
            }
        }
        ac.solve(n);
        int maxx=0;
        int ii=0,jj=0,len1,len2;
        for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
            for(j=0;j<=ac.sz;j++){
                if(dp[i][j]>maxx){
                    maxx=dp[i][j];
                    ii=i;jj=j;
                }
                else if(dp[i][j]==maxx){
                    len1=strlen(s[i][j]);
                    len2=strlen(s[ii][jj]);
                    if(len1>len2)continue;
                    else if(len1<len2){
                        ii=i;jj=j;
                    }
                    else if(len1==len2){
                        if(strcmp(s[i][j],s[ii][jj] )<0 ){
                         ii=i;jj=j;
                       }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if(maxx==0)printf("\n");
        else{
            printf("%s\n",s[ii][jj]);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}