首先,按照if...else if语句来实现打折商品的例子,代码如下:
- public class Example {
- public Double calRecharge(Double charge ,RechargeTypeEnum type ){
- if(type.equals(RechargeTypeEnum.E_BANK)){
- return charge*0.85;
- }else if(type.equals(RechargeTypeEnum.BUSI_ACCOUNTS)){
- return charge*0.90;
- }else if(type.equals(RechargeTypeEnum.MOBILE)){
- return charge;
- }else if(type.equals(RechargeTypeEnum.CARD_RECHARGE)){
- return charge+charge*0.01;
- }else{
- return null;
- }
- }
- }
用策略+工厂模式优化:
枚举类:
- package strategy;
- public enum RechargeTypeEnum {
- E_BANK(1, "网银"),
- BUSI_ACCOUNTS(2, "商户账号"),
- MOBILE(3,"手机卡充值"),
- CARD_RECHARGE(4,"充值卡");
- private int value;
- private String description;
- private RechargeTypeEnum(int value, String description) {
- this.value = value;
- this.description = description;
- }
- public int value() {
- return value;
- }
- public String description() {
- return description;
- }
- public static RechargeTypeEnum valueOf(int value) {
- for(RechargeTypeEnum type : RechargeTypeEnum.values()) {
- if(type.value() == value) {
- return type;
- }
- }
- return null;
- }
- }
- package strategy.strategy;
- import strategy.RechargeTypeEnum;
- public interface Strategy {
- public Double calRecharge(Double charge ,RechargeTypeEnum type );
- }
策略具体实现类:
- package strategy.strategy;
- import strategy.RechargeTypeEnum;
- public class EBankStrategy implements Strategy{
- @Override
- public Double calRecharge(Double charge, RechargeTypeEnum type) {
- return charge*0.85;
- }
- }
- package strategy.strategy;
- import strategy.RechargeTypeEnum;
- public class BusiAcctStrategy implements Strategy{
- @Override
- public Double calRecharge(Double charge, RechargeTypeEnum type) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- return charge*0.90;
- }
- }
- package strategy.strategy;
- import strategy.RechargeTypeEnum;
- public class MobileStrategy implements Strategy {
- @Override
- public Double calRecharge(Double charge, RechargeTypeEnum type) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- return charge;
- }
- }
- package strategy.strategy;
- import strategy.RechargeTypeEnum;
- public class CardStrategy implements Strategy{
- @Override
- public Double calRecharge(Double charge, RechargeTypeEnum type) {
- return charge+charge*0.01;
- }
- }
策略上下文:
- package strategy.strategy;
- import strategy.RechargeTypeEnum;
- public class Context {
- private Strategy strategy;
- public Double calRecharge(Double charge, Integer type) {
- strategy = StrategyFactory.getInstance().creator(type);
- return strategy.calRecharge(charge, RechargeTypeEnum.valueOf(type));
- }
- public Strategy getStrategy() {
- return strategy;
- }
- public void setStrategy(Strategy strategy) {
- this.strategy = strategy;
- }
- }
工厂类:
- package strategy.strategy;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import strategy.RechargeTypeEnum;
- public class StrategyFactory {
- private static StrategyFactory factory = new StrategyFactory();
- private StrategyFactory(){
- }
- private static Map strategyMap = new HashMap<>();
- static{
- strategyMap.put(RechargeTypeEnum.E_BANK.value(), new EBankStrategy());
- strategyMap.put(RechargeTypeEnum.BUSI_ACCOUNTS.value(), new BusiAcctStrategy());
- strategyMap.put(RechargeTypeEnum.MOBILE.value(), new MobileStrategy());
- strategyMap.put(RechargeTypeEnum.CARD_RECHARGE.value(), new CardStrategy());
- }
- public Strategy creator(Integer type){
- return strategyMap.get(type);
- }
- public static StrategyFactory getInstance(){
- return factory;
- }
- }
- package strategy.strategy;
- import strategy.RechargeTypeEnum;
- public class Client {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Context context = new Context();
- // 网银充值100 需要付多少
- Double money = context.calRecharge(100D,
- RechargeTypeEnum.E_BANK.value());
- System.out.println(money);
- // 商户账户充值100 需要付多少
- Double money2 = context.calRecharge(100D,
- RechargeTypeEnum.BUSI_ACCOUNTS.value());
- System.out.println(money2);
- // 手机充值100 需要付多少
- Double money3 = context.calRecharge(100D,
- RechargeTypeEnum.MOBILE.value());
- System.out.println(money3);
- // 充值卡充值100 需要付多少
- Double money4 = context.calRecharge(100D,
- RechargeTypeEnum.CARD_RECHARGE.value());
- System.out.println(money4);
- }
- }
85.0
90.0
100.0
101.0
从上面代码可以看出,策略模式把具体的算法封装到了具体策略角色内部,增强了可扩展性,隐蔽了实现细 节;它替代继承来实现,避免了 if- else 这种不易维护的条件语句。当然我们也可以看到,策略模式由于独立策略实现,使得系统内增加了很多策略类;对客户端来说必须知道兜友哪些具体策略, 而且需要知道选择具体策略的条件。