C 头文件

标准C语言头文件

ISOC标准定义的头文件(24项)

<assert.h>验证程序断言<complex.h> 支持复数算术运算<ctype.h> 字符类型

<errno.h> 出错码<fenv.h> 浮点环境<float.h> 浮点常量

<inttypes.h> 整型格式转换<iso646.h>替代关系操作符宏<limits.h> 实现常量

<locale.h> 局部类别<math.h> 数学常量<setjmp.h>非局部goto

<signal.h> 信号<stdarg.h> 可变参数表<stdbool.h> 布尔类型和值

<stddef.h> 标准定义<stdint.h> 整型<stdio.h> 标准I/O库

<stdlib.h> 实用程序库函数 <string.h> 字符串操作<tgmath.h> 通用类型数学宏

<time.h> 时间和日期<wchar.h> 宽字符支持<wctype.h> 宽字符分类和映射支持

POSIX标准定义的必须的头文件(26项)

<dirent.h> 目录项<fcntl.h> 文件控制<fnmatch.h> 文件名匹配类型

<glob.h> 路径名模式匹配类型<grp.h> 组文件<netdb.h> 网络数据库操作

<pwd.h>口令文件<regex.h> 正则表达式<tar.h> tar归档值

<termios.h> 终端I/O<unistd.h> 符号常量<utime.h> 文件时间

<wordexp.h> 字扩展类型<arpa/inet.h> Internet定义<net/if.h> 套接字本地接口

<netinet/in.h>Internet地址族<netinet/tcp.h> 传输控制协议<sys/mman.h> 内存管理声明

<sys/select.h> select函数<sys/socket.h> 套接字接口<sys/stat.h> 文件状态

<sys/times.h> 进程时间<sys/types.h> 基本系统数据类型<sys/un.h> UNIX域套接字定义

<sys/utsname.h>系统名<sys/wait.h> 进程控制

POSIX标准定义的XSI扩展头文件(26项)

<cpio.h>cpio归档值<dlfcn.h> 动态链接<fmtmsg.h> 消息显示结构

<ftw.h> 文件树漫游<iconv.h> 代码集转换实用程序<langinfo.h> 语言信息常量

<libgen.h> 模式匹配函数定义<monetary.h> 货币类型<ndbm.h> 数据库操作

<nl_types.h> 消息类别<poll.h> 轮询函数<search.h> 搜索表

<strings.h> 字符串操作<syslog.h> 系统出错日志记录<ucontext.h> 用户上下文

<ulimit.h> 用户限制<utmpx.h> 用户帐户数据库<sys/ipc.h>IPC

<sys/msg.h> 消息队列<sys/resource.h>资源操作<sys/sem.h> 信号量

<sys/shm.h> 共享存储<sys/statvfs.h> 文件系统信息<sys/time.h> 时间类型

<sys/timeb.h> 附加的时间<sys/uio.h> 矢量I/O操作

POSIX标准定义的可选头文件(8项)

<aio.h> 异步I/O<mqueue.h> 消息队列<pthread.h> 线程

<sched.h> 执行调度<semaphore.h>信号量<spawn.h> 实时spawn接口

<stropts.h> XSISTREAMS接口<trace.h> 时间跟踪

标准 C++语言头文件（54个其中16个用于构建STL,3个为附加非必须）　

<algorithm>　STL通用算法 <bitset>STL位集容器 <cassert> 用于在程序运行时执行断言

<cctype>字符处理 <cerrno>错误码 <cfloat> 用于测试浮点类型属性
<ciso646> ISO646变体字符集 <climits> 测试整数类型属性 <clocale>本地化函数

<cmath>数学函数 <complex>　复数类 <csetjmp> 执行非内部的goto语句

<csignal> 信号 <cstdarg> 访问参数数量变化的函数 <cstddef> 用于定义实用的类型和宏

<cstdio>输入/输出 <cstdlib>杂项函数及内存分配 <cstring>字符串

<ctime>时间 <cwchar>宽字符处理及输入/输出 <cwctype>宽字符分类

<deque>STL双端队列容器 <exception>异常处理类 <fstream>文件流

<functional>STL函数对象<iomanip>参数化输入/输出<ios>　基本输入/输出支持

<iosfwd>输入/输出前置声明 <iostream>数据流输入/输出 <istream>基本输入流

<iterator>遍历序列的类 <limits>各种数据类型最值常量<list>　STL线性列表容器

<locale>国际化支持<map>STL映射容器<memory>专用内存分配器

<new>基本内存分配和释放 <numeric>通用的数字操作 <ostream>基本输出流

<queue> STL队列容器<set>STL集合容器<sstream>基于字符串的流

<stack>STL堆栈容器 <stdexcept>标准异常类 <streambuf>iostream 的缓冲区类

<string>字符串类 <strstream> 非内存字符序列的流类 <typeinfo> 运行时类型标识

<utility>STL通用模板类 <valarray> 支持值数组的类和模版类<vector>STL动态数组容器

标准C++附加的头文件(3个)非必须

<hash_map><hash_set><slist>

TheStandard C++ library consists of 51 required headers.Thisimplementation also includes three additionalheaders,<hash_map>,<hash_set>,and <slist>,notrequired by the C++ Standard, for a total of 54 headers.Of these 54headers,16 constitute the Standard Template Library, or STL.These areindicated below with the notation
<algorithm>-- (STL) for defining numerous templates that implement usefulalgorithms
<bitset> -- for defining a template class thatadministers sets of bits
<complex> -- for defining atemplate class that supports complex arithmetic
<deque> --(STL) for defining a template class that implements a dequecontainer
<exception> -- for defining several functionsthat control exception handling
<fstream> -- fordefining several iostreams template classes that manipulate exteralfiles
<functional> --(STL) for defining several templates that help construct predicatesfor
the templates defined in<algorithm> and <numeric>
<hash_map>-- (STL) for defining template classes that implement hashedassociative containers
that map keys to values
<hash_set>-- (STL) for defining template classes that implement hashedassociative containers
<iomanip> -- for declaringseveral iostreams manipulators that take an argument
<ios>-- for defining the template class that serves as the base for manyiostreams classes
<iosfwd> -- for declaring severaliostreams template classes before they are necessarily
defined
<iostream> -- for declaring theiostreams objects that manipulate the standard streams
<istream>-- for defining the template class that performs extractions
<iterator>-- (STL) for defining several templates that help define andmanipulate iterators
<limits> -- for testing numerictype properties
<list>-- (STL) for defining a template class that implements a doublylinked list container
<locale> -- for defining severalclasses and templates that control
locale-specific behavior, as in the iostreams classes
<map> --(STL) for defining template classes that implement associativecontainers that
map keys to values
<memory>-- (STL) for defining several templates that allocate and freestorage for various
container classes
<new>-- for declaring several functions that allocate and free storage
<numeric>-- (STL) for defining several templates that implement usefulnumeric functions
<ostream> -- for defining the templateclass that performs insertions
<queue> --(STL) for defining a template class that implements a queue container
<set>-- (STL) for defining template classes that implement associativecontainers
<slist>-- (STL) for defining a template class that implements a singlylinked list container
<sstream> -- for defining severaliostreams template classes that manipulate string containers
<stack> --(STL) for defining a template class that implements a stack container
<stdexcept> -- for defining several classes useful forreporting exceptions
<streambuf> -- for defining templateclasses that buffer iostreams operations
<string> -- fordefining a template class that implements a string container
<strstream> -- for defining several iostreams classesthat manipulate in-memory character
sequences
<typeinfo> -- for defining class type_info, the resultof the typeid operator
<utility>-- (STL) for defining several templates of general utility
<valarray> -- for defining several classes and templateclasses that support value-oriented
arrays
<vector>-- (STL) for defining a template class that implements a vectorcontainer
新的C标准库
<cassert>-- for enforcing assertions when functions execute
<cctype>-- for classifying characters
<cerrno> -- for testingerror codes reported by library functions
<cfloat> --for testing floating-point type properties
<ciso646> --for programming in ISO 646 variant character sets
<climits>-- for testing integer type properties
<clocale> -- foradapting to different cultural conventions
<cmath> --for computing common mathematical functions
<csetjmp> --for executing nonlocal goto statements
<csignal> -- forcontrolling various exceptional conditions
<cstdarg> --for accessing a varying number of arguments
<cstddef> --for defining several useful types and macros
<cstdio> --for performing input and output
<cstdlib> -- forperforming a variety of operations
<cstring> -- formanipulating several kinds of strings
<ctime> -- forconverting between various time and date formats
<cwchar>-- for manipulating wide streams and several kinds of strings
<cwctype> -- for classifying wide characters
旧的C标准库
<assert.h>-- for enforcing assertions when functions execute
<ctype.h>-- for classifying characters
<errno.h> -- for testingerror codes reported by library functions
<float.h> --for testing floating-point type properties
<iso646.h> --for programming in ISO 646 variant character sets
<limits.h>-- for testing integer type properties
<locale.h> --for adapting to different cultural conventions
<math.h>-- for computing common mathematical functions
<setjmp.h>-- for executing nonlocal goto statements
<signal.h> --for controlling various exceptional conditions
<stdarg.h>-- for accessing a varying number of arguments
<stddef.h>-- for defining several useful types and macros
<stdio.h>-- for performing input and output
<stdlib.h> -- forperforming a variety of operations
<string.h> -- formanipulating several kinds of strings
<time.h> -- forconverting between various time and date formats
<wchar.h>-- for manipulating wide streams and several kinds of strings
<wctype.h> -- for classifying wide characters

Finally,in this implementation, the Standard C++ library also includesseveral headers for compatibility with traditional C++ libraries:
<fstream.h> -- for defining several iostreams templateclasses that manipulate exteral files
<iomanip.h> -- fordeclaring several iostreams manipulators that take an argument
<iostream.h> -- for declaring the iostreams objects thatmanipulate the standard streams
<new.h> -- for declaringseveral functions that allocate and free storage
<stl.h>-- for declaring several template classes that aid migration fromolder versions
of the Standard Template Library