安卓图片资源笔记

安卓图片资源笔记

1.资源目录的density

ldpi: density=120

mdpi:density=160

hdpi:density=240

xhdpi:density=320

xxhdpi:density=480


2.获取手机屏幕密度

DisplayMetrics dc = getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
textView.setText("屏幕属性:\ndensity=" + dc.density + " ,densityDpi=" + dc.densityDpi + " ,xdpi=" + dc.xdpi + " ,ydpi=" + dc.ydpi + " ,size=" + dc.widthPixels + "*" + dc.heightPixels);



3.解析图片的真实尺寸
final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;//第一次解析将inJustDecodeBounds设置为true,来获取图片大小
BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), res_id, options);
int realWidth = options.outWidth;
int realHeight = options.outHeight;



4.图片显示或者BitmapFactory.decodeResource解析图片时的缩放比
缩放比例=屏幕的真实密度(densityDpi)/资源文件所在的文件的属性density

5.加载大图片
final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;//第一次解析将inJustDecodeBounds设置为true,来获取图片大小
BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), res_id, options);
// 调用上面定义的方法计算inSampleSize值
int scale = calculateInSampleSize(options, imageView.getWidth(), imageView.getHeight());
if(scale <= 0){
//要注意的是,inSampleSize 可能小于0,必须做判断
	scale = 1;
}
//inSampleSize = 2,则取出的缩略图的宽和高都是原始图片的1/2,图片大小就为原始大小的1/4。
options.inSampleSize = scale;
// 使用获取到的inSampleSize值再次解析图片
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565; //减少内存消耗
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), res_id, options);



/**
 * 计算inSampleSize,用于压缩图片
 *
 * @param options
 * @param reqWidth
 * @param reqHeight
 * @return
 */
public static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
	// 源图片的宽度
	int width = options.outWidth;
	int height = options.outHeight;
	int inSampleSize = 1;

	// int min = Math.min(width, height);
	// int maxReq = Math.max(reqWidth, reqHeight);

	// if(min > maxReq) {
	//     inSampleSize = Math.round((float) min / (float) maxReq);
	// }
	
	Log.e(TAG, "sampleSize  w * h=" + width + "*" + height);
	// 通过之前的计算方法,在加载类似400*4000这种长图时会内存溢出
	if (width > reqWidth || height > reqHeight){
		int widthRadio = Math.round(width * 1.0f / reqWidth);
		int heightRadio = Math.round(height * 1.0f / reqHeight);

		inSampleSize = Math.max(widthRadio, heightRadio);
	}
	Log.e(TAG, "sampleSize =" + inSampleSize);
	return inSampleSize;
}

6.加载不同dpi下的图片不缩放
/*解析图片,让图片在不同密度的手机上不会被缩放*/
private Bitmap decodeResourceNoScale(Resources resources, int res_id) {
  TypedValue value = new TypedValue();
  resources.openRawResource(res_id, value);
  BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
  opts.inTargetDensity = value.density;
  return BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, res_id, opts);
}


7.简单例子

package com.example.imagedensity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.TypedValue;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity{
	private final static String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
	private TextView[] textViews;
	private ImageView[] imageViews;
	private int[] resId = new int[]{R.drawable.test_l, R.drawable.test_m, R.drawable.test_h, R.drawable.test_xh, R.drawable.test_xxh};
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		initView();
	}
	
	private void initView(){
		textViews = new TextView[5];
		imageViews = new ImageView[5];
		textViews[0] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
		imageViews[0] = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview1);

		textViews[1] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView2);
		imageViews[1] = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview2);
		
		textViews[2] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView3);
		imageViews[2] = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview3);
		
		textViews[3] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView4);
		imageViews[3] = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview4);
		
		textViews[4] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView5);
		imageViews[4] = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview5);
		
		
		TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView0);
		DisplayMetrics dc = getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
		textView.setText("屏幕属性:\ndensity=" + dc.density + " ,densityDpi=" + dc.densityDpi + " ,xdpi=" + dc.xdpi + " ,ydpi=" + dc.ydpi + " ,size=" + dc.widthPixels + "*" + dc.heightPixels
				 + "\n图片真实尺寸:300 * 160");
		for(int i = 0; i < textViews.length; i++){
	        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), resId[i]);
	        int w = bitmap.getWidth();
	        int h = bitmap.getHeight();
	        bitmap.recycle();
			TypedValue value = getTargetDensityByResource(getResources(), resId[i]);
			textViews[i].setText("资源属性:" + value.string + ",   density=" + value.density + "\n尺寸:" + w + "*" + h + " ,scale=" + dc.densityDpi + "/" +  value.density);
		}
	}

	 /*解析图片所在文件夹的属性*/
	 private TypedValue getTargetDensityByResource(Resources resources, int res_id) {
         TypedValue value = new TypedValue();
         resources.openRawResource(res_id, value);
         Log.e(TAG, "value.density: " + value.density + "," + value.string);
         return value;
	 }
	 
	  /*解析图片,让图片在不同密度的手机上不会被缩放*/
	  private Bitmap decodeResourceNoScale(Resources resources, int res_id) {
          TypedValue value = new TypedValue();
          resources.openRawResource(res_id, value);
          BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
          opts.inTargetDensity = value.density;
          return BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, res_id, opts);
	  }
}

xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical" >
        
        
         <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textView0"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
                android:textColor="#ff0000"/>
         
          <TextView 
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
                android:textColor="#ff0000"
                android:text="说明:\n缩放比例=屏幕的真实densityDpi/资源文件所在文件夹的density\n下面测试:"/>
        
        <LinearLayout 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textView1"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
            <ImageView 
                android:id="@+id/imageview1"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@drawable/test_l"/>
        </LinearLayout>
        
        <LinearLayout 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textView2"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
            <ImageView 
                android:id="@+id/imageview2"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@drawable/test_m"/>
        </LinearLayout>
        
        
        <LinearLayout 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textView3"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
            <ImageView 
                android:id="@+id/imageview3"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@drawable/test_h"/>
        </LinearLayout>
        
         <LinearLayout 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textView4"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
            <ImageView 
                android:id="@+id/imageview4"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@drawable/test_xh"/>
        </LinearLayout>
        
         
          <LinearLayout 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textView5"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
            <ImageView 
                android:id="@+id/imageview5"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@drawable/test_xxh"/>
        </LinearLayout>
    </LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>


效果图:




加载大图片,防止溢出:
http://blog.csdn.net/bigconvience/article/details/27054639
http://blog.csdn.net/sjf0115/article/details/7366746
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