Android RecyclerView使用详解及实现多选

这里要说的是RecyclerView的使用，希望能助你完全理解RecyclerView，把它运用到项目中，当然这里也会提供你简便的写法，要知道每次都写个adapter费时又费力，只能说本人很懒，于是在网上找方法，聪明的你应该知道是怎么做了吧，不错，就是打造一个通用的adapter。这里先卖个关子，要知道就继续往下看吧。

概述

RecyclerView 是Android L版本中新添加的一个可用来替换ListView和GridView的SDK，它的灵活性与可替代性比ListView和GridView更好。能够在有限的窗口中展示大数据集合的灵活视图，这就是所谓的RecyclerView吧。

如果你想使用RecyclerView，你将需要使用以下几点：

＊RecyclerView.Adapter – 处理数据收集并将其绑定到视图
＊ViewHolder – 持有所有的用于绑定数据或者需要操作的View
＊LayoutManager – 负责摆放视图等相关操作
＊ItemDecoration – 负责绘制Item附近的分割线
＊ItemAnimator – 为item的一般操作添加动画效果，比如添加或删除条目

想看最原始的使用方法，想知道更多的细节，请看这里
如果你实在看不懂英文的话，这篇文章也能很好的说明使用方法，请看这里

RecyclerView的简单使用方法

这里只给出单种item的示例代码，更多使用方法()可看万能适配器，这里很感谢鸿神的开源，他的博客都很不错，值得学习，各位客官，下面就请听我步步道来：

• 添加依赖
  在AS的 build.gradle 中添加依赖，然后同步一下就可以引入依赖包(记得换上你的最新版本)：

dependencies {
    ...
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.3.0'
}

• 布局

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/my_recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:scrollbars="vertical"/>
</RelativeLayout>

• 通用的ViewHolder
  这里也适用于listview

public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder
{
    private SparseArray<View> mViews;
    private int mPosition;
    private View mConvertView;
    private Context mContext;
    private int mLayoutId;

    public ViewHolder(Context context, View itemView, ViewGroup parent, int position)
    {
        super(itemView);
        mContext = context;
        mConvertView = itemView;
        mPosition = position;
        mViews = new SparseArray<View>();
        mConvertView.setTag(this);

    }


    public static ViewHolder get(Context context, View convertView,
                                 ViewGroup parent, int layoutId, int position)
    {
        if (convertView == null)
        {
            View itemView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(layoutId, parent,
                    false);
            ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(context, itemView, parent, position);
            holder.mLayoutId = layoutId;
            return holder;
        } else
        {
            ViewHolder holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
            holder.mPosition = position;
            return holder;
        }
    }


    /**
     * 通过viewId获取控件
     *
     * @param viewId
     * @return
     */
    public <T extends View> T getView(int viewId)
    {
        View view = mViews.get(viewId);
        if (view == null)
        {
            view = mConvertView.findViewById(viewId);
            mViews.put(viewId, view);
        }
        return (T) view;
    }

    public View getConvertView()
    {
        return mConvertView;
    }

    /**
     * 设置TextView的值
     *
     * @param viewId
     * @param text
     * @return
     */
    public ViewHolder setText(int viewId, String text)
    {
        TextView tv = getView(viewId);
        tv.setText(text);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setImageResource(int viewId, int resId)
    {
        ImageView view = getView(viewId);
        view.setImageResource(resId);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setImageBitmap(int viewId, Bitmap bitmap)
    {
        ImageView view = getView(viewId);
        view.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setImageDrawable(int viewId, Drawable drawable)
    {
        ImageView view = getView(viewId);
        view.setImageDrawable(drawable);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setBackgroundColor(int viewId, int color)
    {
        View view = getView(viewId);
        view.setBackgroundColor(color);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setBackgroundRes(int viewId, int backgroundRes)
    {
        View view = getView(viewId);
        view.setBackgroundResource(backgroundRes);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setTextColor(int viewId, int textColor)
    {
        TextView view = getView(viewId);
        view.setTextColor(textColor);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setTextColorRes(int viewId, int textColorRes)
    {
        TextView view = getView(viewId);
        view.setTextColor(mContext.getResources().getColor(textColorRes));
        return this;
    }

    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    public ViewHolder setAlpha(int viewId, float value)
    {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
        {
            getView(viewId).setAlpha(value);
        } else
        {
            // Pre-honeycomb hack to set Alpha value
            AlphaAnimation alpha = new AlphaAnimation(value, value);
            alpha.setDuration(0);
            alpha.setFillAfter(true);
            getView(viewId).startAnimation(alpha);
        }
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setVisible(int viewId, boolean visible)
    {
        View view = getView(viewId);
        view.setVisibility(visible ? View.VISIBLE : View.GONE);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder linkify(int viewId)
    {
        TextView view = getView(viewId);
        Linkify.addLinks(view, Linkify.ALL);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setTypeface(Typeface typeface, int... viewIds)
    {
        for (int viewId : viewIds)
        {
            TextView view = getView(viewId);
            view.setTypeface(typeface);
            view.setPaintFlags(view.getPaintFlags() | Paint.SUBPIXEL_TEXT_FLAG);
        }
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setProgress(int viewId, int progress)
    {
        ProgressBar view = getView(viewId);
        view.setProgress(progress);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setProgress(int viewId, int progress, int max)
    {
        ProgressBar view = getView(viewId);
        view.setMax(max);
        view.setProgress(progress);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setMax(int viewId, int max)
    {
        ProgressBar view = getView(viewId);
        view.setMax(max);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setRating(int viewId, float rating)
    {
        RatingBar view = getView(viewId);
        view.setRating(rating);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setRating(int viewId, float rating, int max)
    {
        RatingBar view = getView(viewId);
        view.setMax(max);
        view.setRating(rating);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setTag(int viewId, Object tag)
    {
        View view = getView(viewId);
        view.setTag(tag);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setTag(int viewId, int key, Object tag)
    {
        View view = getView(viewId);
        view.setTag(key, tag);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setChecked(int viewId, boolean checked)
    {
        Checkable view = (Checkable) getView(viewId);
        view.setChecked(checked);
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * 关于事件的
     */
    public ViewHolder setOnClickListener(int viewId,
                                         View.OnClickListener listener)
    {
        View view = getView(viewId);
        view.setOnClickListener(listener);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setOnTouchListener(int viewId,
                                         View.OnTouchListener listener)
    {
        View view = getView(viewId);
        view.setOnTouchListener(listener);
        return this;
    }

    public ViewHolder setOnLongClickListener(int viewId,
                                             View.OnLongClickListener listener)
    {
        View view = getView(viewId);
        view.setOnLongClickListener(listener);
        return this;
    }

    public void updatePosition(int position)
    {
        mPosition = position;
    }

    public int getLayoutId()
    {
        return mLayoutId;
    }
}

• 通用的Adapter

public abstract class CommonAdapter<T> extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ViewHolder>
{
    protected Context mContext;
    protected int mLayoutId;
    protected List<T> mDatas;
    protected LayoutInflater mInflater;

    private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener;

    public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener onItemClickListener)
    {
        this.mOnItemClickListener = onItemClickListener;
    }

    public CommonAdapter(Context context, int layoutId, List<T> datas)
    {
        mContext = context;
        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        mLayoutId = layoutId;
        mDatas = datas;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(final ViewGroup parent, int viewType)
    {
        ViewHolder viewHolder = ViewHolder.get(mContext, null, parent, mLayoutId, -1);
        setListener(parent, viewHolder, viewType);
        return viewHolder;
    }

    protected int getPosition(RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder)
    {
        return viewHolder.getAdapterPosition();
    }

    protected boolean isEnabled(int viewType)
    {
        return true;
    }


    protected void setListener(final ViewGroup parent, final ViewHolder viewHolder, int viewType)
    {
        if (!isEnabled(viewType)) return;
        viewHolder.getConvertView().setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
        {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v)
            {
                if (mOnItemClickListener != null)
                {
                    int position = getPosition(viewHolder);
                    mOnItemClickListener.onItemClick(parent, v, mDatas.get(position), position);
                }
            }
        });


        viewHolder.getConvertView().setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener()
        {
            @Override
            public boolean onLongClick(View v)
            {
                if (mOnItemClickListener != null)
                {
                    int position = getPosition(viewHolder);
                    return mOnItemClickListener.onItemLongClick(parent, v, mDatas.get(position), position);
                }
                return false;
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position)
    {
        holder.updatePosition(position);
        convert(holder, mDatas.get(position));
    }

    public abstract void convert(ViewHolder holder, T t);

    @Override
    public int getItemCount()
    {
        return mDatas.size();
    }

}

对了，别忘了给item添加点击处理

public interface OnItemClickListener<T> {
    void onItemClick(ViewGroup parent, View view, T t, int position);
    boolean onItemLongClick(ViewGroup parent, View view, T t, int position);
}

• RecyclerView的使用

初始化组件

mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.my_recycler_view);
//创建默认的线性LayoutManager
mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);
//如果可以确定每个item的高度是固定的，设置这个选项可以提高性能
mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
//设置分割线
mRecyclerView..addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));

分割线

public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration{
    private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{android.R.attr.listDivider};
    public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL;
    public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL;
    private Drawable mDivider;
    private int mOrientation;

    public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation) {
        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
        mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
        a.recycle();
        setOrientation(orientation);
    }

    public void setOrientation(int orientation){
        if(orientation != HORIZONTAL_LIST && orientation != VERTICAL_LIST){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid orientation");
        }
        mOrientation = orientation;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        if(mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST){
            drawVertical(c, parent);
        }else{
            drawHorizontal(c, parent);
        }
    }

    public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent){
        final int top = parent.getPaddingTop();
        final int bottom = parent.getHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom();

        final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        for(int i = 0; i < childCount; i++){
            final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
            final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams)child.getLayoutParams();
            final int left = child.getRight() - params.rightMargin;
            final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
            mDivider.setBounds(left,top,right,bottom);
            mDivider.draw(c);
        }
    }

    public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
    {
        final int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
        final int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();

        final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++)
        {
            final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
            RecyclerView v = new RecyclerView(parent.getContext());
            final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
                    .getLayoutParams();
            final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
            final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();

            mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
            mDivider.draw(c);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        if(mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST){
            outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
        }else {
            outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
        }
    }
}

设置adapter,这里的String可根据你项目要求换成你所需的Bean都行

mRecyclerView.setAdapter(new CommonAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.item_list, mDatas)
{
    @Override
    public void convert(ViewHolder holder, String s)
    {
        holder.setText(R.id.id_item_list_title, s);
    }
});

以上就是RecyclerView的简便使用了，如果要在一个页面再新建一个RecyclerView，只需要在activity或fragment中直接setAdapter()调用通用适配器，这样可以简便很多，那么有了上面的代码后，你知道怎么添加多选功能吗？如不清楚，再听我慢慢道来：

1. 首先在ViewHolder中添加选中的实现方式，这里以点击某view实现，供实现adapter时调用

/**
* 选择item
* 实现多选
*/
  public ViewHolder setSelectListener(int viewId,
                                View.OnClickListener listener)
{
    View view = getView(viewId);
    view.setOnClickListener(listener);
    return this;
}

1. 在CommonAdapter类中添加几个方法，以供调用者切换选中效果或者清除选中效果等。。

private SparseBooleanArray selectedItems;//记录选中的position

/**
 * 判读是否选中
 */
public boolean isSelected(int position){
    return getSelectedItems().contains(position);
}

/**
 * 切换选中或取消选中
 */
public void switchSelectedState(int position){
    if(selectedItems.get(position, false)){
        selectedItems.delete(position);
    }else{
        selectedItems.put(position,true);
    }
    notifyItemChanged(position);
}

/**
 * 清除所有选中item的标记
 */
public void clearSelectedState(){
    List<Integer> selection = getSelectedItems();
    selectedItems.clear();
    for(Integer i : selection){
        notifyItemChanged(i);
    }
}

/**
 * 全选
 */
public void selectAllItems(){
    clearSelectedState();
    for(int i = 0; i < getItemCount(); i++){
        selectedItems.put(i,true);
        notifyItemChanged(i);
    }
}

/**
 * 获取item数目
 */
public int getSelectedItemCount(){
    return selectedItems.size();
}

/**
 * 获取选中的items
 */
public List<Integer> getSelectedItems(){
    List<Integer> items = new ArrayList<>(selectedItems.size());
    for(int i = 0; i < selectedItems.size(); i++){
        items.add(selectedItems.keyAt(i));
    }
    return items;
}

最后在setAdapter时实现你多选的效果

//设置选中状态
if(omsAdapter.isSelected(holder.getItemPosition())) {
                    holder.setImageResource(R.id.img_isSelect, R.drawable.choiced_ic);
                }else{
                    holder.setImageResource(R.id.img_isSelect, R.drawable.no_choice_ic);
                }

//设置选中事件
holder.setSelectListener(R.id.img_isSelect, new View.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View v) {
                        omsAdapter.switchSelectedState(holder.getItemPosition());//切换选中
                    }
                });

以上就是本次博客的所有内容了，有误请各位客官指出，在下会继续虚心学习，虽然本人有点懒，但是只要有简便方法实现所需功能又不失性能，则会选择去重构。