MySQL数据库入门练习200句

目的：

学习总是需要记忆遗忘再记忆反反复复才能印入脑海。IT技术尤其如此。最好解决遗忘的方式，就是多多反复，然而捧起一本大部头从新看起显然效率低下。对于数据库入门级别的知识，看过一两遍，也就能理解主要机理了，欠缺在于代码练习。因此最近在重刷MySQL入门的同时，总结起来练习所使用的代码。用于以后的温习。某一天发现自己生疏了，花一点时间敲上一通，记忆就回来了。

说明：

1 大部分的语句都非常简单，进行了少量的注释； 
2 代码稍有一些冗余，是为了熟练操作； 
3 有意设置了一些错误，注意数据库的返回的信息； 
4 所有测试在MariaDB上进行，MariaDB和mysql几乎就是一样，但如果有错误，系手误或理解错误，望担待； 
5 本文共100句代码，覆盖从数据库创建删除，表创建删除修改，键创建删除，索引创建删除的内容，后续会继续增加； 
6 附《MySQL入门很简单》一书电子版，可用于配合练习，网盘地址，密码：77p4

——2016/12/14

关于200句

延续我之前的MySQL入门练习100句，增加到200句，这部分主要涉及SQL语言的增删改查。比较烦琐的是查询，MySQL支持非常灵活多样的查询。这立业之涉足皮毛，但对于熟悉操作仍然有益。部分内容稍欠周详，在后续我自己练习的时候会再补上。

代码

//重建数据库
101, create database testdatabase;use database testdatabase;
102, create table tt1(id int, name varchar(20),age int,sex boolean);
103, show tables;desc tt1;

//插入
104, insert into tt1 values(1,"zhang",25,0);
105, insert into tt1 values(2,"wang",25,1);
106, select * from tt1;
107, insert into tt1(id,name,age,sex) values(3,"li",28,1);
108, insert into tt1(id,name,sex,age) values(4,"sun",0,22);
109, insert into tt1(id,name,sex) values(5,"zhao",30,1);
110, insert into tt1(id,age,name) values(6,"he",47,0);
111, insert into tt1(id,age,name) values(7,"chen",22,1),(7,"zhang",22,1),(7,"xie",32,1);
112, select * from tt1;

//修改
113, update tt1 set id=10,name="new",age=100,sex=0 where id=1; select * from tt1;
114, update tt1 set id=11,name="new" where id=2,age=25; select *from tt1;
115, update tt1 set id=12,sex=1 where id=7; select * from tt1;
116, update tt1 set sex=1 where id>3;
117, update tt1 set sex=0 where id<4;


//删除
118, delete from tt1 where id=1;select * from tt1;
119, delete from tt1 where id=12;select * from tt1;

//查询
120, alter table tt1 add address varchar(30);
121, update tt1 set address="Beijing" where sex=1;
122, update tt1 set address="Shanghai" where sex=0;
//简单查询
123, select id from tt1;
124, select id,name from tt1;
125, select id,name,address from tt1;
//条件查询
126, select id,name,address from tt1 where address="Beijing";
127, select * from tt1 where id in(2,3,4);
128, select * from tt1 where id not in(2,3,4);
129, select * from tt1 where id between 2 and 5;
130, select * from tt1 where id not between 2 and 5;
131, select * from tt1 where address like "beijing";
132, select * from tt1 where address like "bei";
133, select * from tt1 where address like "bei%";
134, select * from tt1 where address not like "bei%";
135, select * from tt1 where address is null;
136, select * from tt1 where address is not null;
137, select * from tt1 where age<20 and sex=1;
138, select * from tt1 where sex=0 or age>30;
//查询结果不重复
139, select distinct address from tt1;  
//查询结果排序
140, select * from tt1 order by age;
141, select * from tt1 order by age asc;
142, select * from tt1 order by age desc;
//分组查询
143, select * from tt1 group by sex;//单独使用group by 只会选择每个分组的一条记录
//group by 与 group_concat结合使用
144, select group_concat(name),sex from tt1 group by sex;
145, select group_concat(name),group_concat(age),sex from tt1 group by sex;
146, select group_concat(name,age),sex from tt1 group by sex;
//group by与集合函数结合使用
147, select sex,count(sex) from tt1 group by sex;
148, select sex,count(sex) from tt1 group by sex having sex>2;//having用于对分组后的结果加限制条件
149, select sex,count(sex) from tt1 group by sex having count(sex)>2;
//with rollup
150, select sex,count(sex) from tt1 group by sex with rollup;//在显示记录的最后一行加一条，记录是上面所有记录的和，通常用于合计数量
//limit显示限制
151, select * from tt1;
152, select * from tt1 limit 2;
153, select * from tt1 limit 3;
154, select * from tt1 limit 0,2;
155, select * from tt1 limit 1,2;
//使用集合函数查询
//为了更好的理解本问题，新建一个表
156, create table grade(id int,name varchar(10),subject varchar(10),score int,sex boolean);
157, insert into grade values(1,"wang","math",100,1),(1,"wang","english",96,1),(1,"wang","physics",90,1);
     insert into grade values(2,"li","math",96,1),(2,"li","english",85,1),(2,"li","physics",99,1);
     insert into grade values(3,"sun","math",85,0),(3,"sun","english",98,0),(3,"sun","physics",80,0);
158, select * from grade;
159, select count(*) from grade;
160, select id,name,sum(score) from grade where id=1;
161, select id,name,sun(score) from grade group by id;
162, select id,name,sum(score) from grade group by id order by sum(score) desc;
163, select id,name,avg(score) from grade where id=2;
164, select id,name,avg(score),sum(score) from grade where id =3;
165, select id,name,avg(score) from grade group by id;
166, select subject,avg(score) from grade group by subject;* from 
167, select subject,avg(score) from grade group by subject order by avg(score);
168, select name,max(score) from grade where subject="math";
169, select name,max(score) from grade where subject="english";
//连接查询
    //内连接
170, create table stu(id int,name varchar(10),age int,sex boolean);
171, insert into stu values(1,"wang",25,1),(2,"li",23,1),(3,"sun",23,0),(4,"zhou",27,1),(5,"zhang",22,0);
172, select id,name,age,sex,score from stu,grade where stu.id=grade.id;
173, select stu.id,stu.name,stu.age,stu.sex,score from stu,grade where stu.id=grade.id;
174, select stu.id,stu.name,stu.age,stu.sex,score from stu,grade where stu.id=grade.id and score>90;
    //外连接
175, select stu.id,stu.name,stu.age,stu.sex,score from stu left join grade on stu.id=grade.id;
176, select stu.id,stu.name,stu.age,stu,sex,score from stu right join grade on stu.id=grade.id;
177, insert into grade values(4,"hu","math",99,1),(5,"liu","english",97,0);
178, select stu.id,stu.name,stu.age,stu.sex,subject,score from stu left join grade on stu.id=grade.id;
179, select stu.id,stu.name,stu.age,stu.sex,subject,score from stu right join grade on stu.id=grade.id;
    //子查询
180, select * from stu where id in (select *from grade);
181, select * from grade where id in (select * from stu);
182, create table scholarship(level int,money int,score int);
183, insert into scholarship values(1,10000,90),(2,5000,85),(3,3000,80);
184, select id,name,score from grade where score>=(select score from scholarship where level=1);
185, select id,name,score from grade where score>=(select min(score) from scholarship);
    //exists子查询
186, select * from stu where exists (select name from grade where id=1);
187, select * from grade where score>any(select score from scholarship);
188, select * from grade where score>all(select score from scholarship);
//合并查询结果
189, select name from stu union select name from grade;
190, select name from stu union all select name from grade;
//别名
191, select * from scholarship s where s.level=1;
192, select * from scholarship s where s.money=5000;
193, select s.name from stu s,grade g where s.name=g.name;
194, select subject as su,score as sc from grade;
195, select * from stu where name regexp "^w";
196, select * from stu where name regexp "g$";
197, select * from stu where name regexp "^w.g$";
198, select * from stu where name regexp "^w..g$";
199, select * from stu where name regexp "[aeo]";
200, select * from stu where name regexp "[a-g]";
   
   
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
   
   
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130