神经网络与深度学习(二)cpp-c++BP神经网络

最新在这 http://blog.csdn.net/mr_w1997/article/details/54973376


读到作者用JAVA实现的神经网络解决异或等问题

以下为c++实现版本

接口略有不同

具体关键的更新的证明详见机器学习或大牛博客

有一个关键的地方是 权值的初始化

原本是都初始化0 但是楼主也意识到 这样无论怎样更新 隐层不同神经元对应输入层同一神经元的权值都相同 相当于 仍然用一个线性函数划分 不可线性划分的区域

思考良久就初始化为随机数了 然而不行 后来看了别人的初始化 发现了这个

//关键的初始化权值
		for (int i = 0; i < lastlayerneunum; ++i)
			this->Last_weight[i] = (2.0*(double)rand() / RAND_MAX) - 1;
改了一下 瞬间问题都没了 也很神奇  至于原因  楼主开学要回去问学长  有知道的大神也请赐教

一下为代码  如有bug 欢迎指正

楼主有些懒 成员函数的实现都在类内部了 有点难看 还请别介意


TransferFunc.h  激励函数类及类型的定义

//TransferFunc.h
//created by WK

#ifndef TRANSFERFUNC_H
#define TRANSFERFUNC_H

#include <cmath>

enum Functypes
{
	FUNCTYPE_TANH,
	FUNCTYPE_STEP,
	FUNCTYPE_LINEAR,
	FUNCTYPE_SIGMOID
};

class Function
{
private:
	double Step(double input)
	{
		if (input < 0)
			return 0;
		else
			return 1;
	}
	double Linear(double input)
	{
		return input;
	}
	double Sigmoid(double input)
	{
		return 1.0 / (1.0 + exp(-1.0*input));
	}
public:

	double GetResult(int funcType, double input)
	{
		switch (funcType)
		{
		case FUNCTYPE_TANH:
			return tanh(input);
		case FUNCTYPE_STEP:
			return Step(input);
		case FUNCTYPE_LINEAR:
			return Linear(input);
		case FUNCTYPE_SIGMOID:
			return Sigmoid(input);
		default:
			return input;
		}
	}
};

#endif // !TRANSFERFUNC_H


DataSet.h 数据集类型

//DateSet.h
//created by WK

#ifndef DATASET_H
#define DATASET_H

#include <vector>

using namespace std;

//数据集
class DataSet
{
private:
	int					InputNum;
	int					OutputNum;
	vector<double*>		DataMap;

public:
	DataSet(int inputnum, int outputnum)
	{
		this->InputNum = inputnum;
		this->OutputNum = outputnum;
	}
	void AddRow(double *inputArray, double *outputArray)
	{
		double *data = new double[this->InputNum + this->OutputNum];
		for (int i = 0; i<this->InputNum; ++i)
		{
			data[i] = inputArray[i];
		}
		for (int i = 0; i<this->OutputNum; ++i)
		{
			data[InputNum + i] = outputArray[i];
		}
		this->DataMap.push_back(data);
	}
	int GetInputNum()
	{
		return this->InputNum;
	}
	int GetOutputNum()
	{
		return this->OutputNum;
	}
	int GetRows()
	{
		return DataMap.size();
	}
	vector<double*> GetDataMap()
	{
		return DataMap;
	}
 
};


#endif // !DATASET_H


MultiLayerPerceptron.cpp神经元定义以及单隐层神经网络定义 以及 异或问题的解决

#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include "TransferFunc.h"
#include "DataSet.h"
#include <time.h>
#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;

#define WINITVALUE 0.001
#define TINITVALUE 0

//神经元
class Neuron
{
private:
	double				Input;
	double				Output;
	double				Threshold;
	double				*Last_weight;			//神经元维护后向的权重
	int					LastLayerNeuNum;
	int					TransferFunctionType;
	Function			Transferfunction;

public:
	Neuron(double threshold, int lastlayerneunum, int funcType)
	{
		this->Input					=	0;
		this->Output				=	0;
		this->Threshold				=	threshold;
		this->LastLayerNeuNum		=	lastlayerneunum;
		this->TransferFunctionType	=	funcType;
		this->Last_weight			=	new double[lastlayerneunum];
		//关键的初始化权值
		for (int i = 0; i < lastlayerneunum; ++i)
			this->Last_weight[i] = (2.0*(double)rand() / RAND_MAX) - 1;
		
	}
	void SetInput(double input)
	{
		this->Input = input;
	}
	double GetOutput()
	{
		this->Output = Transferfunction.GetResult(this->TransferFunctionType, this->Input - this->Threshold);

		return this->Output;
	}
	double* GetThreshold()
	{
		return &this->Threshold;
	}
	double *GetWeight()
	{
		return this->Last_weight;
	}
	void SetFuncType(int functype)
	{
		this->TransferFunctionType = functype;
	}
};

//多层感知机
class MultiLayerPerceptron
{
private:
	int			OutTransfetFunctionType;
	int			HideTransfetFunctionType;
	int			InTransfetFunctionType;
	int			InLayerNeuNum;
	int			HideLayerNeuNum;
	int			OutLayerNeuNum;
	double		Speed;
	Neuron		**InputNeurons;
	Neuron		**OutputNeurons;
	Neuron		**HidenNeurons;
public:

	MultiLayerPerceptron(int intransferfunctiontype, int inLayerNeuNum, int hidetransferfunctiontype, int hideLayerNeuNum, int outtransferfunctiontype, int outLayerNeuNum, double speed)
	{
		this->InTransfetFunctionType	=	intransferfunctiontype;
		this->HideTransfetFunctionType	=	hidetransferfunctiontype;
		this->OutTransfetFunctionType	=	outtransferfunctiontype;
		this->InLayerNeuNum				=	inLayerNeuNum;
		this->HideLayerNeuNum			=	hideLayerNeuNum;
		this->OutLayerNeuNum			=	outLayerNeuNum;
		this->Speed						=	speed;

		this->InputNeurons	= (Neuron**)new void*[inLayerNeuNum];
		for (int i = 0; i < inLayerNeuNum; ++i)
			this->InputNeurons[i] = new Neuron(TINITVALUE, 0, intransferfunctiontype);
		this->HidenNeurons	= (Neuron**)new void*[hideLayerNeuNum];
		for (int i = 0; i < hideLayerNeuNum; ++i)
			this->HidenNeurons[i] = new Neuron(TINITVALUE, inLayerNeuNum, hidetransferfunctiontype);
		this->OutputNeurons = (Neuron**)new void*[outLayerNeuNum];
		for (int i = 0; i < outLayerNeuNum; ++i)
			this->OutputNeurons[i] = new Neuron(TINITVALUE, hideLayerNeuNum, outtransferfunctiontype);
	}
	//获取正向的输出
	void GetOutput(double *output)
	{
		double sum;

		for (int i = 0; i < this->HideLayerNeuNum; ++i)
		{
			sum = 0;
			for (int j = 0; j < this->InLayerNeuNum; ++j)
				sum += this->HidenNeurons[i]->GetWeight()[j] * this->InputNeurons[j]->GetOutput();
			this->HidenNeurons[i]->SetInput(sum);
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < this->OutLayerNeuNum; ++i)
		{
			sum = 0;
			for (int j = 0; j < this->HideLayerNeuNum; ++j)
				sum += this->OutputNeurons[i]->GetWeight()[j] * this->HidenNeurons[j]->GetOutput();
			this->OutputNeurons[i]->SetInput(sum);
			output[i] = this->OutputNeurons[i]->GetOutput();
		}
	}

	//学习所有数据一次更新权值以及阈值
	void Learn(DataSet *trainingSet)
	{
		double *expect;
		double *data;
		double *output = new double[this->OutLayerNeuNum];
		for (int i = 0; i < trainingSet->GetRows(); ++i)
		{
			data	= trainingSet->GetDataMap()[i];
			expect	= data + trainingSet->GetInputNum();
			for (int j = 0; j < trainingSet->GetInputNum(); ++j)
				this->InputNeurons[j]->SetInput(data[j]);
			this->GetOutput(output);
			//更改隐藏层到输出层权重以及阈值
			//更新公式详见机器学习
			for (int j = 0; j < this->OutLayerNeuNum; ++j)
			{		
				double delta = this->Speed * output[j] * (1 - output[j]) * (expect[j] - output[j]);

				for (int k = 0; k < this->HideLayerNeuNum; ++k)
					this->OutputNeurons[j]->GetWeight()[k] += (delta * this->HidenNeurons[k]->GetOutput());
				*this->OutputNeurons[j]->GetThreshold() -= delta;
			}
			//更改输入层到隐藏层的权重以及阈值
			//更新公式详见机器学习
			for (int j = 0; j < this->HideLayerNeuNum; ++j)
			{
				double t = 0;
				for (int k = 0; k < this->OutLayerNeuNum; ++k)
					t += (this->OutputNeurons[k]->GetWeight()[j] * output[k] * (1 - output[k])*(expect[k] - output[k]));
				double delta = this->HidenNeurons[j]->GetOutput() * (1 - this->HidenNeurons[j]->GetOutput()) * t;
				for (int k = 0; k < this->InLayerNeuNum; ++k)
					this->HidenNeurons[j]->GetWeight()[k] += (this->Speed * this->InputNeurons[k]->GetOutput() * delta);
				*this->HidenNeurons[j]->GetThreshold() -= (this->Speed * delta);
			}
		}
	}

	void Test(DataSet *trainingSet)
	{
		double *output = new double[this->OutLayerNeuNum];
		double *expect = new double[this->OutLayerNeuNum];
		
		for (int i = 0; i < trainingSet->GetRows(); ++i)
		{
			for (int j = 0; j < trainingSet->GetInputNum(); ++j)
				this->InputNeurons[j]->SetInput(trainingSet->GetDataMap()[i][j]);
			this->GetOutput(output);
			for (int j = 0; j < trainingSet->GetOutputNum(); ++j)
			{
				cout << "output: ";
				cout << output[j] << "\t";
				cout << "expect: ";
				cout << trainingSet->GetDataMap()[i][trainingSet->GetInputNum()+j]<<"\t";
			}
			cout << endl;
		} 
		cout << endl;
		cout << "in to hide W:" << endl;
		for (int i = 0; i < this->HideLayerNeuNum; ++i)
		{
			for (int j = 0; j < this->InLayerNeuNum; ++j)
			{
				cout << this->HidenNeurons[i]->GetWeight()[j] << "  ";
			}
			cout << endl;
		}
		cout << endl;
		cout << "hide to out W:" << endl;
		for (int i = 0; i < this->OutLayerNeuNum; ++i)
		{
			for (int j = 0; j < this->HideLayerNeuNum; ++j)
			{
				cout << this->OutputNeurons[i]->GetWeight()[j] << "  ";
			}
			cout << endl;
		}
	}
};

int main()
{
	DataSet *trainingSet = new DataSet(2, 1);
	trainingSet->AddRow(new double[2]{ 1,1 }, new double[1]{ 0 });
	trainingSet->AddRow(new double[2]{ 1,0 }, new double[1]{ 1 });
	trainingSet->AddRow(new double[2]{ 0,1 }, new double[1]{ 1 });
	trainingSet->AddRow(new double[2]{ 0,0 }, new double[1]{ 0 });

	//层激励函数类型 神经元个数... 学习速率
	MultiLayerPerceptron *m = new MultiLayerPerceptron(FUNCTYPE_LINEAR, 2, FUNCTYPE_SIGMOID, 5, FUNCTYPE_SIGMOID, 1, 0.9);

	//学习1000次
	for (int i = 0; i < 10000; ++i)
		m->Learn(trainingSet);

	m->Test(trainingSet);

	

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}



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