ORACLE 8i,9i 表连接方法。
一般的相等连接: select * from a, b where a.id = b.id; 这个就属于内连接。 对于外连接: Oracle中可以使用“(+) ”来表示,9i可以使用LEFT/RIGHT/FULL OUTER JOIN LEFT OUTER JOIN:左外关联 SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name FROM employees e LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id); 等价于 SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name FROM employees e, departments d WHERE e.department_id=d.department_id(+) 结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录。 RIGHT OUTER JOIN:右外关联 SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name FROM employees e RIGHT OUTER JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id); 等价于 SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name FROM employees e, departments d WHERE e.department_id(+)=d.department_id 结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有任何员工的部门记录。 FULL OUTER JOIN:全外关联 SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name FROM employees e FULL OUTER JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id); 结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录和没有任何员工的部门记录。
ORACLE8i是不直接支持完全外连接的语法,也就是说不能在左右两个表上同时加上(+),下面是在ORACLE8i可以参考的完全外连接语法 select t1.id,t2.id from table1 t1,table t2 where t1.id=t2.id(+) union select t1.id,t2.id from table1 t1,table t2 where t1.id(+)=t2.id