SDK 一个时钟小程序

  经过网络上很多资料的参考，用SDK写出了一个时钟小程序。 还有很多细节的地方很时不理解。为什么要那样？找同学搞了一本<Windows程序设计>。好好研究一下SDK 。

时钟程序还有很多细节的地方不是很理解，及一些API。很多地方都是根据网络上的资料比猫画虎的。

时钟程序代码如下：

#include  < math.h >
#include  < windows.h >
#include  " resource.h "
LRESULT CALLBACK wndproc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);
bool  DrawClockFace(HDC);


int  _stdcall WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine,  int  nShowCmd )
... {

        
    WNDCLASS wndclass;
    
    char classname[]="simplewindows";
    wndclass.cbClsExtra=0;
    wndclass.cbWndExtra=0;
    wndclass.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE + 1);
    wndclass.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
    wndclass.hIcon=LoadIcon(hInstance,(LPSTR)IDI_ICON2);
    wndclass.hInstance=hInstance;
    wndclass.lpfnWndProc=wndproc;
    wndclass.lpszClassName=classname;
    wndclass.lpszMenuName=(LPSTR)IDR_MENU1;
    wndclass.style=CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
    
    RegisterClass(&wndclass);        
    HWND hwnd;    
    hwnd=CreateWindow(
        classname,
        "一个简单的窗口",
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        NULL,
        NULL,
        hInstance,
        NULL);
    
    
        
    if (hwnd==NULL)
    ...{
        MessageBox(NULL,"创建窗口出错","error",MB_OK);
        return -1;    
    }
    
    ShowWindow(hwnd,nShowCmd);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);
    
    MSG umsg;
    while (GetMessage(&umsg,NULL,0,0))
    ...{
        TranslateMessage(&umsg);
        DispatchMessage(&umsg);
    }
    
    return umsg.wParam;
}
//  

/**/ //
//  消息代码
#define  IDT_CLOCK 1
const   int  IDM_HELP  =   100 ;
const   int  IDM_TOPMOST  =   101 ;

//  实现函数
void  SetIsotropic(HDC hdc,   int  cxClient,  int  cyClient);

void  DrawHand(HDC hdc,  int  nLength,  int  nWidth,  int  nDegrees, COLORREF clrColor);

//  上一次Windows通知时的时间
static   int  s_nPreHour;         //  小时    
static   int  s_nPreMinute;     //  分钟
static   int  s_nPreSecond;     //  秒
//  窗口客户区的大小
static   int  s_cxClient;        
static   int  s_cyClient;
//  是否位于最顶层
static  BOOL s_bTopMost;

LRESULT CALLBACK wndproc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
... {
    
    switch (uMsg)
    ...{

    case WM_CREATE:
        ...{
            SYSTEMTIME time;
            // 设置时间
            GetLocalTime(&time);
            s_nPreHour=time.wHour%12;
            s_nPreMinute=time.wMinute;
            s_nPreSecond=time.wSecond;

            // 创建定时器
            SetTimer(hwnd,IDT_CLOCK,1000,NULL);
            return 0;
        }
    case WM_SIZE:
        s_cxClient=LOWORD(lParam);
        s_cyClient=HIWORD(lParam);

        break;
    case WM_PAINT:
        ...{    
            HDC hdc;
            PAINTSTRUCT ps;
            RECT rt;
            
        hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
            GetClientRect(hwnd,&rt);

            // 用户加入话刷
            HBRUSH hBr;
            hBr=(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
            SelectObject(hdc,hBr);
            
            // 设置坐标系。
            
             SetMapMode(hdc,MM_ISOTROPIC);
             SetWindowExtEx(hdc,1000,1000,NULL);
             SetViewportExtEx(hdc,s_cxClient,-s_cyClient,NULL);
             SetViewportOrgEx(hdc,s_cxClient/2,s_cyClient/2,NULL);
                    
            
            // 绘制时钟的外观。
            DrawClockFace(hdc);

            // 1小时走30度，经过1分钟，走0.5度
            DrawHand(hdc,200,8,s_nPreHour*30+s_nPreMinute/2,RGB(0,0,0));

            // 经过1分钟分针走6度

            DrawHand(hdc,400,6,s_nPreMinute*6,RGB(0,0,0));

            // 经过1秒钟秒针走了6度
            DrawHand(hdc,400,1,s_nPreSecond*6,RGB(0,0,0));

            DeleteObject(hBr);
            EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
            return 0;
        }
        break;
        

    case WM_TIMER:
        ...{
            // 判断窗口处于最小化状态什么都不做
            if (IsIconic(hwnd))
                return 0;
            SYSTEMTIME time;
            GetLocalTime(&time);

            // 建立坐标系

            HDC hdc;
            hdc=GetDC(hwnd);

            SetMapMode(hdc,MM_ISOTROPIC);
            SetWindowExtEx(hdc,1000,1000,NULL);
            SetViewportExtEx(hdc,s_cxClient,-s_cyClient,NULL);
             SetViewportOrgEx(hdc,s_cxClient/2,s_cyClient/2,NULL);
            Ellipse(hdc,-20,20,20,-20);
            // 
            
            // 以COLOR_3DFACE为背景色就可以擦除指针了（因为窗口的背景色也是COLOR_3DFACE）
            COLORREF crfColor = ::GetSysColor(COLOR_3DFACE ); 
            
            // 如果分钟改变的话就擦除时针和分针
            if(time.wMinute != s_nPreMinute)
            ...{
                // 擦除时针和分针
                DrawHand(hdc, 200, 8, s_nPreHour*30 + s_nPreMinute/2, crfColor);
                DrawHand(hdc, 400, 6, s_nPreMinute*6, crfColor);
                s_nPreHour = time.wHour;
                s_nPreMinute = time.wMinute;
            }
            
            // 如果秒改变的话就擦除秒针，然后重画所有指针
            if(time.wSecond != s_nPreSecond)
            ...{
                // 擦除秒针
                DrawHand(hdc, 400, 1, s_nPreSecond*6, crfColor);
                
                // 重画所有指针
                DrawHand(hdc, 400, 1, time.wSecond*6, RGB(0, 0, 0));
                DrawHand(hdc, 200, 8, time.wHour*30 + time.wMinute/2, RGB(0, 0, 0));
                DrawHand(hdc, 400, 6, time.wMinute*6, RGB(0, 0, 0));
                s_nPreSecond = time.wSecond;
            }
            return 0;
            ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);
            break;

        }
    case WM_CLOSE:
        ...{
            ::KillTimer(hwnd,IDT_CLOCK);
            DestroyWindow(hwnd);
            return 0;
        }
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
        break;

    case WM_COMMAND:
        switch (LOWORD(wParam))
        ...{
        case IDF_EIXT:
            SendMessage(hwnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
            break;
        case IDF_ABOUT:
            MessageBox(NULL,"thorwein's clock V1.0.........Thorwein@hotmail.com","About!!!",MB_OK);
            break;
        }

        
    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);
        
    }
    return 0;
}

/**/ //
//  绘制时钟基本框架外观函数DrawClockFace();


bool  DrawClockFace(HDC hdc)
... {
    CONST int SQUARESIZE=20;
    static POINT pt[]=
    ...{
        0, 450,        // 12点
        225, 390,    // 1点
        390, 225,    // 2点
        450, 0,        // 3点
        390, -225,    // 下面的坐标是上面的点的对称点（以X轴、Y轴或原点对称）
        225, -390,
        0, -450,
        -225, -390,
        -390, -225,
        -450, 0,
        -390, 225,
        -225, 390
    };

    for (int i=0;i<12;i++)
    ...{

        Ellipse(hdc,pt[i].x-SQUARESIZE,pt[i].y+SQUARESIZE,pt[i].x + SQUARESIZE, pt[i].y - SQUARESIZE);

    }
    return 0;
}

/**/ //
//  绘画时钟指针的函数DrawHand;
//  nLength 长度 nWidth宽度 nDegrees 相对于0的偏移角度。 clrColor


void  DrawHand(HDC hdc,  int  nLength,  int  nWidth,  int  nDegrees, COLORREF clrColor)
... {
    double nRadians=(double)nDegrees*0.0174533;

    // 计算坐标
    POINT pt[2];
    pt[0].x=(int)(sin(nRadians)*nLength);
    pt[0].y=(int)(cos(nRadians)*nLength);
    
    pt[1].x=-pt[0].x/5;
    pt[1].y=-pt[0].y/5;

    // 创建笔刷，并放入DC中
    HPEN hpen=::CreatePen(PS_SOLID,nWidth,clrColor);
    SelectObject(hdc,hpen);

    // 画线
    MoveToEx(hdc,pt[0].x,pt[0].y,NULL);
    LineTo(hdc,pt[1].x,pt[1].y);

    DeleteObject(hpen);
    

}

有什么地方不对的。希望大家多多指教！！！ 谢谢