sql语句技巧集锦

技巧篇

 

11=11=2的使用,在SQL语句组合时用的较多

 

“where 1=1” 是表示选择全部 “where 1=2”全部不选,
如:
if @strWhere !='' 
begin
set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + '] where ' + @strWhere 
end
else 
begin
set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + ']' 
end

我们可以直接写成

错误!未找到目录项。
set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + '] where 1=1 
安定 '+ @strWhere

 

2、收缩数据库


--重建索引
DBCC REINDEX
DBCC INDEXDEFRAG
--
收缩数据和日志
DBCC SHRINKDB
DBCC SHRINKFILE

 

3、压缩数据库


dbcc shrinkdatabase(dbname)

 

4、转移数据库给新用户以已存在用户权限


exec sp_change_users_login 'update_one','newname','oldname'
go

 

5、检查备份集


RESTORE VERIFYONLY from disk='E:\dvbbs.bak'

 

6、修复数据库


ALTER DATABASE [dvbbs] SET SINGLE_USER
GO
DBCC CHECKDB('dvbbs',repair_allow_data_loss) WITH TABLOCK
GO
ALTER DATABASE [dvbbs] SET MULTI_USER
GO

 

7、日志清除

 

SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @LogicalFileName sysname,
@MaxMinutes INT,
@NewSize INT


USE tablename -- 
要操作的数据库名
SELECT @LogicalFileName = 'tablename_log', -- 
日志文件名
@MaxMinutes = 10, -- Limit on time allowed to wrap log.
@NewSize = 1 -- 
你想设定的日志文件的大小(M)

Setup / initialize
DECLARE @OriginalSize int
SELECT @OriginalSize = size 
FROM sysfiles
WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
SELECT 'Original Size of ' + db_name() + ' LOG is ' + 
CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),@OriginalSize) + ' 8K pages or ' + 
CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),(@OriginalSize*8/1024)) + 'MB'
FROM sysfiles
WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
CREATE TABLE DummyTrans
(DummyColumn char (8000) not null)


DECLARE @Counter INT,
@StartTime DATETIME,
@TruncLog VARCHAR(255)
SELECT @StartTime = GETDATE(),
@TruncLog = 'BACKUP LOG ' + db_name() + ' WITH TRUNCATE_ONLY'

DBCC SHRINKFILE (@LogicalFileName, @NewSize)
EXEC (@TruncLog)
-- Wrap the log if necessary.
WHILE @MaxMinutes > DATEDIFF (mi, @StartTime, GETDATE()) -- time has not expired
AND @OriginalSize = (SELECT size FROM sysfiles WHERE name = @LogicalFileName) 
AND (@OriginalSize * 8 /1024) > @NewSize 
BEGIN -- Outer loop.
SELECT @Counter = 0
WHILE ((@Counter < @OriginalSize / 16) AND (@Counter < 50000))
BEGIN -- update
INSERT DummyTrans VALUES ('Fill Log') DELETE DummyTrans
SELECT @Counter = @Counter + 1
END
EXEC (@TruncLog) 
END
SELECT 'Final Size of ' + db_name() + ' LOG is ' +
CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),size) + ' 8K pages or ' + 
CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),(size*8/1024)) + 'MB'
FROM sysfiles 
WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
DROP TABLE DummyTrans
SET NOCOUNT OFF

 

8、说明:更改某个表


exec sp_changeobjectowner 'tablename','dbo'

 

9、存储更改全部表

 

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.User_ChangeObjectOwnerBatch
@OldOwner as NVARCHAR(128),
@NewOwner as NVARCHAR(128)
AS

DECLARE @Name as NVARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @Owner as NVARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @OwnerName as NVARCHAR(128)

DECLARE curObject CURSOR FOR 
select 'Name' = name,
'Owner' = user_name(uid)
from sysobjects
where user_name(uid)=@OldOwner
order by name

OPEN curObject
FETCH NEXT FROM curObject INTO @Name, @Owner
WHILE(@@FETCH_STATUS=0)
BEGIN 
if @Owner=@OldOwner 
begin
set @OwnerName = @OldOwner + '.' + rtrim(@Name)
exec sp_changeobjectowner @OwnerName, @NewOwner
end
-- select @name,@NewOwner,@OldOwner

FETCH NEXT FROM curObject INTO @Name, @Owner
END

close curObject
deallocate curObject
GO


10SQL SERVER中直接循环写入数据


declare @i int
set @i=1
while @i<30
begin
insert into test (userid) values(@i)
set @i=@i+1
end


案例


有如下表,要求就裱中所有沒有及格的成績,在每次增長0.1的基礎上,使他們剛好及格:

 

Name score

Zhangshan 80

Lishi 59

Wangwu 50

Songquan 69

while((select min(score) from tb_table)<60)

begin

update tb_table set score =score*1.01

where score<60

if (select min(score) from tb_table)>60

break

else

continue

end

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