<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 在多线程开发中,经常会遇见在run方法里面调用一个公共的属性的事情,由于每次start都会创建一个线程,因此</span>
<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">所</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">有的线程共享一个属性,当其中任何一个线程更改了这个属性的值,这个属性在下面的使用过程中都会被改变,这</span>
<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">回导</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">致很多不期望发生的事情发生,这就叫做线程不安全的。先来一个例子说明这个问题。</span>
<span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span>
package com.bird.concursey;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class UnsafeTask implements Runnable{
private Date startDate;
@Override
public void run() {
startDate = new Date();
System.out.println("start thread " + Thread.currentThread().getId() + " " + startDate);
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep((int)Math.rint(Math.random() * 10));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Thread finish " + Thread.currentThread().getId() + " " + startDate);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
UnsafeTask task = new UnsafeTask();
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(task);
thread.start();
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
运行完毕后,他们的结束时间都是一样的,运行结果如下。
start thread 8 Tue Sep 16 20:21:50 CST 2014
start thread 9 Tue Sep 16 20:21:52 CST 2014
start thread 10 Tue Sep 16 20:21:54 CST 2014
start thread 11 Tue Sep 16 20:21:56 CST 2014
start thread 12 Tue Sep 16 20:21:58 CST 2014
Thread finish 10 Tue Sep 16 20:21:58 CST 2014
Thread finish 11 Tue Sep 16 20:21:58 CST 2014
Thread finish 8 Tue Sep 16 20:21:58 CST 2014
start thread 13 Tue Sep 16 20:22:00 CST 2014
Thread finish 9 Tue Sep 16 20:22:00 CST 2014
start thread 14 Tue Sep 16 20:22:02 CST 2014
start thread 15 Tue Sep 16 20:22:04 CST 2014
Thread finish 14 Tue Sep 16 20:22:04 CST 2014
start thread 16 Tue Sep 16 20:22:06 CST 2014
Thread finish 12 Tue Sep 16 20:22:06 CST 2014
start thread 17 Tue Sep 16 20:22:08 CST 2014
Thread finish 16 Tue Sep 16 20:22:08 CST 2014
Thread finish 13 Tue Sep 16 20:22:08 CST 2014
Thread finish 15 Tue Sep 16 20:22:08 CST 2014
Thread finish 17 Tue Sep 16 20:22:08 CST 2014
主要因为所有的线程公用一个属性,有一个线程改变了他的值,导致后面的其实调用的都是一个变量的值,我们
的期望是每个Thread都有自己的属性的值,大家都是独立的,那该怎么做呢。
package com.bird.concursey;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class SafeTask implements Runnable {
private static ThreadLocal<Date> startDate = new ThreadLocal<Date>() {
protected Date initialValue() {
return new Date();
};
};
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("start thread " + Thread.currentThread().getId()
+ " " + startDate.get());
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep((int) Math.rint(Math.random() * 10));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Thread finish " + Thread.currentThread().getId()
+ " " + startDate.get());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SafeTask task = new SafeTask();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(task);
thread.start();
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
这就是正确的代码,主要就是加入了ThreadLocal这个类,主要的目的就是这样就能保证每次线程开启的时候都
会去调用他的initvalue方法给这个属性付一个初值,然后每个线程都会自己维护这个值,各个线程之间都是独立的,
我们通过get方法就能获得对应的值,当然他也提供了set方法来更改他的值,或者remove等等,反正现在就是线程安
全的了。