如何声明一个存储过程
CREATE PROCEDURE 存储过程名(IN 输入变量名 输入变量类型,OUT 输出变量名 输出变量类型)
紧跟其后的是存储过程属性列表
常用的有:LANGUAGE SQL
、
MODIFIES SQL DATA
、RESULT SETS 1(返回结果集个数)
l
存储过程体以begin开始
l
存储过程体以end结束
存储过程约束规则
存储过程中调用存储过程
CALL 存储过程名(参数1,参数2,参数n)
例:
call spco_init_custom(bankcode,errno,errmsg);
GET DIAGNOSTICS retval=RETURN_STATUS;
if(retval<>0) then
set errno=errno;
set errmsg=errmsg;
return errno;
end if;
变量的定义
变量使用前必须先定义,方法为
DECLARE
变量名 变量类型 (default 默认值)
例:
DECLARE SQLCODE INTEGER DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE inum INTEGER DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE curtime char(8);
DECLARE bcode char(6);
DECLARE sqlstate char(5);
if 表达式
if 条件1 then
逻辑体;
elseif 条件2 then
逻辑体;
else
逻辑体;
end if;
例:
IF
rating = 1 THEN
UPDATE
employee
SET
salary = salary * 1.10, bonus = 1000
WHERE
empno = employee_number;
ELSEIF
rating = 2
THEN
UPDATE
employee
SET
salary = salary * 1.05, bonus = 500
WHERE
empno = employee_number;
ELSE
UPDATE
employee
SET
salary = salary * 1.03, bonus = 0
WHERE
empno = employee_number;
END IF
;
case表达式
case 变量名 when
变量值1 then
. . .
when
变量值2 then
- - -
else
. . .
end case;
或
case when
变量名=变量值1 then
. . .
when
变量名=变量值2 then
- - -
else
. . .
end case;
例一:
CASE
v_workdept
WHEN
'A00'
THEN UPDATE
department
SET
deptname = 'DATA ACCESS 1';
WHEN
'B01'
THEN UPDATE
department
SET
deptname = 'DATA ACCESS 2';
ELSE UPDATE
department
SET
deptname = 'DATA ACCESS 3';
END CASE
;
例二:
CASE
WHEN
v_workdept = 'A00'
THEN UPDATE
department
SET
deptname = 'DATA ACCESS 1';
WHEN
v_workdept = 'B01'
THEN UPDATE
department
SET
deptname = 'DATA ACCESS 2';
ELSE UPDATE
department
SET
deptname = 'DATA ACCESS 3';
END CASE
;
for 表达式
for
循环名 as
游标名或select 表达式
do
sql
表达式;
end for;
例:
1
)
DECLARE
fullname CHAR(40);
FOR
vl
AS
SELECT
firstnme, midinit, lastname
FROM
employee
DO
SET
fullname = lastname || ',' || firstnme ||' ' || midinit;
INSERT INTO
tnames VALUE (fullname);
END FOR
2)
for loopcs1 as cousor1 cursor as
select market_code as market_code
from tb_market_code
for update
do
select market_code as market_code
from tb_market_code
for update
do
end for;
goto表达式
goto 标示名;
标示名:
逻辑体;
例:
GOTO
FAIL
;
...
SUCCESS:
RETURN
0
FAIL:
RETURN
-200
while表达式
while 条件表达式 do
逻辑体;
end while;
LOOP表达式
LOOP... END LOOP;
例:
OPEN
c1;
ins_loop:
LOOP
FETCH
c1
INTO
v_dept, v_deptname, v_admdept;
IF
at_end = 1
THEN
LEAVE
ins_loop; --
中断循环
ELSEIF
v_dept = 'D11'
THEN
ITERATE
ins_loop; --
下一个循环
END IF
;
INSERT INTO
department (deptno, deptname, admrdept)
VALUES
('NEW', v_deptname, v_admdept);
END LOOP
;
CLOSE
c1;
关于游标
定义游标:
DECLARE
游标名 CURSOR FOR
Select
语句;
打开游标:
OPEN
游标名;
取值:
FETCH 游标名 INTO 变量列表
例:
DECLARE
c1
CURSOR FOR
SELECT CAST(
salary
AS DOUBLE)
FROM
staff
WHERE
DEPT = deptNumber
ORDER BY
salary;
DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND
SET
medianSalary = 6666;
SET
medianSalary = 0;
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO
v_numRecords
FROM
staff
WHERE
DEPT = deptNumber;
OPEN
c1;
WHILE
v_counter < (v_numRecords / 2 + 1)
DO
FETCH
c1
INTO
medianSalary;
SET
v_counter = v_counter + 1;
END WHILE
;
CLOSE
c1;
注:游标的申明如果放在中间段,要用
”begin
。
。
。
end;”.
段分割标志分割开;
动态sql
1) declare stmt varchar(1024);
set stmt='create table zhouhaiming( f1 smallint, f2 varchar(9), f3 char(5) )';
prepare s1 from stmt;
execute s1;
set stmt='insert into zhouhaiming values (1,'www','aaa')';
prepare s1 from stmt;
execute s1;
set stmt='create table zhouhaiming( f1 smallint, f2 varchar(9), f3 char(5) )';
prepare s1 from stmt;
execute s1;
set stmt='insert into zhouhaiming values (1,'www','aaa')';
prepare s1 from stmt;
execute s1;
2) DECLARE CURSOR C1 FOR STMT1;
PREPARE STMT1 FROM
'ALLOCATE C2 CURSOR FOR RESULT SET ?';
PREPARE STMT1 FROM
'ALLOCATE C2 CURSOR FOR RESULT SET ?';
临时表的建立
DECLARE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE
TABLE_NAME
AS (FULLSELECT) DEFINITION ONLY
EXCLUDING IDENTITY COLUMN ATTRIBUTES
ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS
NOT LOGGED IN 临时表空间名with replace;
第一行規定臨時表的名稱.
第二行規定臨時表的列的定義.
第三行規定不是從源結果表定義中復制的恒等列.
第四行規定如果沒有打開WITH GOLD光標,將會刪除表的所有行.
第五行規定不對表的改變進行記錄.
AS (FULLSELECT) DEFINITION ONLY
EXCLUDING IDENTITY COLUMN ATTRIBUTES
ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS
NOT LOGGED IN 临时表空间名with replace;
第一行規定臨時表的名稱.
第二行規定臨時表的列的定義.
第三行規定不是從源結果表定義中復制的恒等列.
第四行規定如果沒有打開WITH GOLD光標,將會刪除表的所有行.
第五行規定不對表的改變進行記錄.
With replace选项会隐式的自动删除该临时表。
例如
:
DECLARE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE DEC_BSEMPMS
AS (SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS) DEFINITION ONLY
EXCLUDING IDENTITY COLUMN ATTRIBUTES
ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS
NOT LOGGED;
DECLARE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE DEC_BSEMPMS
AS (SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS) DEFINITION ONLY
EXCLUDING IDENTITY COLUMN ATTRIBUTES
ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS
NOT LOGGED;
DB2中的几个全局变量
n
ROW_COUNT—
影响行数
UPDATE
CORPDATA.PROJECT
SET
PRSTAFF = PRSTAFF + 1.5
WHERE
DEPTNO = deptnbr;
GET DIAGNOSTICS
rcount =
ROW_COUNT
;
n
RETURN_STATUS--
返回状态
CALL
TRYIT;--
调用存储过程
GET DIAGNOSTICS
RETVAL =
RETURN_STATUS
;
IF
RETVAL <> 0
THEN
...
LEAVE
A1;
ELSE
...
END IF
;
n
SQLSTATE—SQL
返回错误代码
注:使用前必先定义
declare sqlstate char(5);
declare state char(5);
insert into tbname values(…)
set state=sqlstate;
if(state<> '00000') then
return -1;
end if;
关于ATOMIC和NOT ATOMIC
P1:BEGIN ATOMIC
–
P1
段的事务会自动回滚
P1:BEGIN NOT ATOMIC
–
P1
段的事务不会自动回滚
DB2中的条件句柄
句柄类型:
n
CONTINUE
n
EXIT
n
UNDO
条件类型:
n
SQLSTATE string
n
SQLEXCEPTION
n
SQLWARNING
n
NOT FOUND
例:
1
)
DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND
SET medianSalary = 6666;
2
)
DECLARE not_found CONDITION FOR SQLSTATE '02000';
DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR not_found
SET rating = -1;
3)
DECLARE
not_found
CONDITION
FOR SQLSTATE
'02000';
DECLARE
c1
CURSOR FOR
SELECT
deptno, deptname, admrdept
FROM
department
ORDER BY
deptno;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR
not_found
SET
at_end = 1;
如何抽取/提交存储过程
db2 "get routine into
文件名
from procedure
存储过程名
"
抽取存储过程;
抽取存储过程;
提交存储过程
db2 "put routine from
文件名
"
安装已编译好的存储过程。
安装已编译好的存储过程。
如何在命令符下提交存储过程
在存储过程的最后加上@符号,然后在命令符下打入:db2 -td@ -vf procfile.sql 就可以生成过程。
非存储过程的SQL文件,在命令符下打入:db2 –tvf sqlfile.sql
从存储过程返回结果集(游标)的用法
1、建一sp返回结果集
CREATE PROCEDURE DB2INST1.Proc1 (
LANGUAGE SQL
result sets 2 --(返回两个结果集 )
P1: BEGIN
declare c1 cursor with return to caller for
select market_code
from tb_market_code;
--指定该结果集用于返回给调用者
declare c2 cursor with return to caller for
select market_code
from tb_market_code;
open c1;
open c2;
END P1
2、建一SP调该sp且使用它的结果集
CREATE PROCEDURE DB2INST1.Proc2 (
out out_market_code char(1))
LANGUAGE SQL
P1: BEGIN
declare loc1,loc2 result_set_locator varying;
--建立一个结果集数组
call proc1;
--调用该SP返回结果集。
associate result set locator(loc1,loc2) with procedure proc1;
--将返回结果集和结果集数组关联
allocate cursor1 cursor for result set loc1;
allocate cursor2 cursor for result set loc2;
--将结果集数组分配给 cursor
fetch cursor1 into out_market_code;
--直接从结果集中赋值
close cursor1;
CREATE PROCEDURE DB2INST1.Proc1 (
LANGUAGE SQL
result sets 2 --(返回两个结果集 )
P1: BEGIN
declare c1 cursor with return to caller for
select market_code
from tb_market_code;
--指定该结果集用于返回给调用者
declare c2 cursor with return to caller for
select market_code
from tb_market_code;
open c1;
open c2;
END P1
2、建一SP调该sp且使用它的结果集
CREATE PROCEDURE DB2INST1.Proc2 (
out out_market_code char(1))
LANGUAGE SQL
P1: BEGIN
declare loc1,loc2 result_set_locator varying;
--建立一个结果集数组
call proc1;
--调用该SP返回结果集。
associate result set locator(loc1,loc2) with procedure proc1;
--将返回结果集和结果集数组关联
allocate cursor1 cursor for result set loc1;
allocate cursor2 cursor for result set loc2;
--将结果集数组分配给 cursor
fetch cursor1 into out_market_code;
--直接从结果集中赋值
close cursor1;
END P1