转换运算符

转换运算符：
implict 与explicit 两个关键词。
explicit为显示转换：

struct Digit
{
    byte value;

    public Digit(byte value)  //constructor
    {
        if (value > 9)
        {
            throw new System.ArgumentException();
        }
        this.value = value;
    }

    public static explicit operator Digit(byte b)  // explicit byte to digit conversion operator
    {
        Digit d = new Digit(b);  // explicit conversion

        System.Console.WriteLine("Conversion occurred.");
        return d;
    }
}

class TestExplicitConversion
{
    static void Main()
    {
        try
        {
            byte b = 3;
            Digit d = (Digit)b;  // explicit conversion
        }
        catch (System.Exception e)
        {
            System.Console.WriteLine("{0} Exception caught.", e);
        }
    }
}
// Output: Conversion occurred.

implicit隐式转换：

struct Digit
{
    byte value;

    public Digit(byte value)  //constructor
    {
        if (value > 9)
        {
            throw new System.ArgumentException();
        }
        this.value = value;
    }

    public static implicit operator byte(Digit d)  // implicit digit to byte conversion operator
    {
        System.Console.WriteLine("conversion occurred");
        return d.value;  // implicit conversion
    }
}

class TestImplicitConversion
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Digit d = new Digit(3);
        byte b = d;  // implicit conversion -- no cast needed
    }
}
// Output: Conversion occurred.

两个结构体之间的转换：

struct RomanNumeral
{
    private int value;

    public RomanNumeral(int value)  //constructor
    {
        this.value = value;
    }

    static public implicit operator RomanNumeral(int value)
    {
        return new RomanNumeral(value);
    }

    static public implicit operator RomanNumeral(BinaryNumeral binary)
    {
        return new RomanNumeral((int)binary);
    }

    static public explicit operator int(RomanNumeral roman)
    {
        return roman.value;
    }

    static public implicit operator string(RomanNumeral roman)
    {
        return ("Conversion to string is not implemented");
    }
}

struct BinaryNumeral
{
    private int value;

    public BinaryNumeral(int value)  //constructor
    {
        this.value = value;
    }

    static public implicit operator BinaryNumeral(int value)
    {
        return new BinaryNumeral(value);
    }

    static public explicit operator int(BinaryNumeral binary)
    {
        return (binary.value);
    }

    static public implicit operator string(BinaryNumeral binary)
    {
        return ("Conversion to string is not implemented");
    }
}

class TestConversions
{
    static void Main()
    {
        RomanNumeral roman;
        BinaryNumeral binary;

        roman = 10;

        // Perform a conversion from a RomanNumeral to a BinaryNumeral:
        binary = (BinaryNumeral)(int)roman;

        // Perform a conversion from a BinaryNumeral to a RomanNumeral: 
        // No cast is required:
        roman = binary;

        System.Console.WriteLine((int)binary);
        System.Console.WriteLine(binary);

        // Keep the console window open in debug mode.
        System.Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
        System.Console.ReadKey();
    }
}
/* Output:
    10
    Conversion not yet implemented
*/