李小敏
www.yway.com 软件工程师
2000年12月
所有的程序开发手册都包含了各种规则。一些习惯自由程序人员可能对这些规则很不适应,但是在多个开发人员共同写作的情况下,这些规则是必需的。这不仅仅是为了开发效率来考虑,而且也是为了后期维护考虑。
命名规范
定义这个规范的目的是让项目中所有的文档都看起来像一个人写的,增加可读性,减少项目组中因为换人而带来的损失。(这些规范并不是一定要绝对遵守,但是一定要让程序有良好的可读性)
byte[] buffer; |
byte buffer[]; |
SetCounter(int size){
this.size = size;
}
|
Java 文件样式
所有的 Java(*.java) 文件都必须遵守如下的样式规则
/** * Copyright ® 2000 Shanghai XXX Co. Ltd. * All right reserved. */ |
package hotlava.net.stats; import java.io.*; import java.util.Observable; import hotlava.util.Application; |
/** * A class representing a set of packet and byte counters * It is observable to allow it to be watched, but only * reports changes when the current set is complete */ |
public class CounterSet extends Observable implements Cloneable |
/** * Packet counters */ protected int[] packets; |
/**
* Get the counters
* @return an array containing the statistical data. This array has been
* freshly allocated and can be modified by the caller.
*/
public int[] getPackets() { return copyArray(packets, offset); }
public int[] getBytes() { return copyArray(bytes, offset); }
public int[] getPackets() { return packets; }
public void setPackets(int[] packets) { this.packets = packets; }
|
public
CounterSet(int size){
this.size = size;
}
|
public
Object clone() {
try {
CounterSet obj = (CounterSet)super.clone();
obj.packets = (int[])packets.clone();
obj.size = size;
return obj;
}catch(CloneNotSupportedException e) {
throw new InternalError("Unexpected CloneNotSUpportedException: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
|
/**
* Set the packet counters
* (such as when restoring from a database)
*/
protected final
void setArray(int[] r1, int[] r2, int[] r3, int[] r4)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
//
// Ensure the arrays are of equal size
//
if (r1.length != r2.length || r1.length != r3.length || r1.length != r4.length)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Arrays must be of the same size");
System.arraycopy(r1, 0, r3, 0, r1.length);
System.arraycopy(r2, 0, r4, 0, r1.length);
}
|
public
String toString() {
String retval = "CounterSet: ";
for (int i = 0; i < data.length(); i++) {
retval += data.bytes.toString();
retval += data.packets.toString();
}
return retval;
}
}
|
代码编写格式
if (i>0) { i ++ }; // 错误, { 和 } 在同一行
if (i>0) {
i ++
}; // 正确, { 单独作为一行
} 语句永远单独作为一行.
|
程序编写规范
...
{
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(projectFile);
project.save(fos, "IDE Project File");
}
...
|
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(projectFile); project.save(fos, "IDE Project File"); fos.close(); |
implements Cloneable
public
Object clone()
{
try {
ThisClass obj = (ThisClass)super.clone();
obj.field1 = (int[])field1.clone();
obj.field2 = field2;
return obj;
} catch(CloneNotSupportedException e) {
throw new InternalError("Unexpected CloneNotSUpportedException: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
|
public void setPackets(int[] packets) { this.packets = packets; }
CounterSet(int size)
{
this.size = size;
}
|
编程技巧
class Colour {
public static final Colour BLACK = new Colour(0, 0, 0);
public static final Colour RED = new Colour(0xFF, 0, 0);
public static final Colour GREEN = new Colour(0, 0xFF, 0);
public static final Colour BLUE = new Colour(0, 0, 0xFF);
public static final Colour WHITE = new Colour(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF);
}
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Swing
调试
性能
可移植性
Borland Jbulider 不喜欢 synchronized 这个关键字,如果你的断点设在这些关键字的作用域内的话,调试的时候你会发现的断点会到处乱跳,让你不知所措。除非必须,尽量不要使用。
参考资料
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发表于 @ 2004年12月15日 10:00:00 | 评论( loading... ) | 举报| 收藏