[原创] 文件I/O读写操作程序题目答案 -- 谭浩强C语言

这两天复习RenMian给我留下谭浩强的C语言教程，温故而知新，夯实基础知识，把第十三章《文件》的书复习后把所有的编程习题做了一遍，贴出来激励自己一下，也希望有用的同学可以参考，时间和水平有限，不足之处，恳请读者批评指正

 

答案如下

 

inc/testfile.h:

 

/* inc/testfile.h */ #include <stdio.h> #include <memory.h> #define SIZE 3 typedef enum tag_sex { MALE = 1, FEMALE, } E_SEX; typedef enum tag_health { GOOD = 1, BAD, } E_HEALTH; typedef enum tag_edu_bkgund { BACHELOR = 1, MASTER, DOCTOR, } E_EDU_BAK_GUND; typedef struct tag_stud { char acName[30]; int score1; int score2; int score3; int ave; } STUD, *PSTUD; typedef struct tag_emploee { char m_name[30]; char m_addr[30]; int m_num; int m_sex; int m_health; int m_edu_bakgund; } ST_EMPLOYEE; int test_13_4() { FILE *fp = NULL; char cTemp = 0, *fileName = "D://test_13_4.txt"; if(( fp = fopen(fileName,"w") ) == NULL) { printf("Cannot Open File %s", fileName); return -1; } cTemp = getchar(); while(cTemp != '!') { if(cTemp >= 'A' && cTemp <= 'Z') { cTemp = cTemp + ('a' - 'A'); } fputc(cTemp, fp); cTemp = getchar(); } fclose(fp); return 0; } int test_13_5() { FILE *fpIn1 = NULL, *fpIn2 = NULL, *fpOut = NULL; char cTemp = 0; char *pcInFile1 = "D://a.txt", *pcInFile2 = "D://b.txt", *pcOutFile = "D://c.txt"; if( (fpIn1 = fopen(pcInFile1,"r")) == NULL ) { printf("Cannot Open File %s", pcInFile1); return -1; } if( (fpIn2 = fopen(pcInFile2,"r")) == NULL ) { printf("Cannot Open File %s", pcInFile2); return -1; } if( (fpOut = fopen(pcOutFile,"w")) == NULL ) { printf("Cannot Open File %s", pcInFile1); return -1; } while( !feof(fpIn1) ) { cTemp = fgetc(fpIn1); fputc(cTemp, fpOut); } while( !feof(fpIn2)) { cTemp = fgetc(fpIn2); fputc(cTemp, fpOut); } fclose(fpIn1); fclose(fpIn2); fclose(fpOut); return 0; } int test_13_6() { int iIte = 0; FILE *fp = NULL; STUD astStud[SIZE] = {0}, astOut[SIZE] = {0}; /* write */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "wb+")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { scanf("%s %d %d %d", astStud[iIte].acName, &astStud[iIte].score1, &astStud[iIte].score2, &astStud[iIte].score3); } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score1; astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score2; astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score3; astStud[iIte].ave /= 3; if((fwrite(&astStud[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp) != 1)) { printf("File Write Error/r/n"); return -2; } printf("Average1: %d/r/n", astStud[iIte].ave); } fclose(fp); /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { fread(&astOut[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); printf("%-10s %3d %3d %3d /r/n", astOut[iIte].acName, astOut[iIte].score1, astOut[iIte].score2, astOut[iIte].score3); printf("Average: %3d /r/n", astStud[iIte].ave); } fclose(fp); return 0; } int test_13_7() { int iIte = 0, iIte2 = 0; FILE *fp = NULL; STUD astStud[SIZE] = {0}, astOut[SIZE] = {0}, stTemp = {0}; /* write */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "wb+")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { scanf("%s %d %d %d", astStud[iIte].acName, &astStud[iIte].score1, &astStud[iIte].score2, &astStud[iIte].score3); astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score1; astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score2; astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score3; astStud[iIte].ave /= 3; } /* Sort */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { for(iIte2 = 0; iIte2 < SIZE - iIte; iIte2++) { if( astStud[iIte2].ave < astStud[iIte2 + 1].ave ) { stTemp = astStud[iIte2]; astStud[iIte2] = astStud[iIte2 + 1]; astStud[iIte2 + 1] = stTemp; } } } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { if((fwrite(&astStud[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp) != 1)) { printf("File Write Error/r/n"); return -2; } printf("Average1: %d/r/n", astStud[iIte].ave); } fclose(fp); /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { fread(&astOut[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); printf("%-10s %3d %3d %3d /r/n", astOut[iIte].acName, astOut[iIte].score1, astOut[iIte].score2, astOut[iIte].score3); printf("Average: %3d /r/n", astStud[iIte].ave); } fclose(fp); return 0; } int test_13_8() { int iIte = 0, iIte2 = 0, iPos = 0; FILE *fp = NULL; STUD astStud[SIZE] = {0}, astOut[SIZE + 1] = {0}, astTemp[SIZE] = {0}, stTemp = {0}, stInsert = {0}; if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "wb+")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { scanf("%s %d %d %d", astStud[iIte].acName, &astStud[iIte].score1, &astStud[iIte].score2, &astStud[iIte].score3); astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score1; astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score2; astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score3; astStud[iIte].ave /= 3; } /* Sort */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { for(iIte2 = 0; iIte2 < SIZE - iIte; iIte2++) { if( astStud[iIte2].ave < astStud[iIte2 + 1].ave ) { stTemp = astStud[iIte2]; astStud[iIte2] = astStud[iIte2 + 1]; astStud[iIte2 + 1] = stTemp; } } } /* write */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { if((fwrite(&astStud[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp) != 1)) { printf("File Write Error/r/n"); return -2; } } fclose(fp); printf("Please Enter Insert Student Data: "); scanf("%s %d %d %d", stInsert.acName, &stInsert.score1, &stInsert.score2, &stInsert.score3); stInsert.ave += stInsert.score1; stInsert.ave += stInsert.score2; stInsert.ave += stInsert.score3; stInsert.ave /= 3; /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } /* insert */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { fread(&stTemp, sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); if(stTemp.ave <= stInsert.ave) { break; } iPos++; } fseek(fp, iPos * sizeof(STUD), SEEK_SET); for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE - iPos; iIte++) { fread(&astTemp[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); } fclose(fp); /** 注意这里必须使用"rb+"的方式使能读写功能，不能使用"wb"或者"ab", * 因为fseek只有在"rb+"的模式下才可以对文件进行"查找+读写" */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "rb+")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } fseek(fp, iPos * sizeof(STUD), SEEK_SET); fwrite(&stInsert, sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE - iPos; iIte++) { fwrite(&astTemp[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); } fclose(fp); /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE + 1; iIte++) { fread(&astOut[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); printf("%-10s %3d %3d %3d /r/n", astOut[iIte].acName, astOut[iIte].score1, astOut[iIte].score2, astOut[iIte].score3); printf("Average: %3d /r/n", astOut[iIte].ave); } return 0; } int test_13_9() { int iIte = 0, iIte2 = 0, iPos = 0; FILE *fp = NULL; STUD astStud[SIZE] = {0}, astOut[SIZE + 1] = {0}, astTemp[SIZE] = {0}, stTemp = {0}, stInsert = {0}; if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "wb+")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { scanf("%s %d %d %d", astStud[iIte].acName, &astStud[iIte].score1, &astStud[iIte].score2, &astStud[iIte].score3); astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score1; astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score2; astStud[iIte].ave += astStud[iIte].score3; astStud[iIte].ave /= 3; } /* Sort */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { for(iIte2 = 0; iIte2 < SIZE - iIte; iIte2++) { if( astStud[iIte2].ave < astStud[iIte2 + 1].ave ) { stTemp = astStud[iIte2]; astStud[iIte2] = astStud[iIte2 + 1]; astStud[iIte2 + 1] = stTemp; } } } /* write */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { if((fwrite(&astStud[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp) != 1)) { printf("File Write Error/r/n"); return -2; } } fclose(fp); printf("Please Enter Insert Student Data: "); scanf("%s %d %d %d", stInsert.acName, &stInsert.score1, &stInsert.score2, &stInsert.score3); stInsert.ave += stInsert.score1; stInsert.ave += stInsert.score2; stInsert.ave += stInsert.score3; stInsert.ave /= 3; /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } /* insert */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { fread(&stTemp, sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); if(stTemp.ave <= stInsert.ave) { break; } iPos++; } fseek(fp, iPos * sizeof(STUD), SEEK_SET); for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE - iPos; iIte++) { fread(&astTemp[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); } fclose(fp); /** 注意这里必须使用"rb+"的方式使能读写功能，不能使用"wb"或者"ab", * 因为fseek只有在"rb+"的模式下才可以对文件进行"查找+读写" */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "rb+")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } fseek(fp, iPos * sizeof(STUD), SEEK_SET); fwrite(&stInsert, sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE - iPos; iIte++) { fwrite(&astTemp[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); } fclose(fp); /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://stud.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE + 1; iIte++) { fread(&astOut[iIte], sizeof(STUD), 1, fp); printf("%-10s %3d %3d %3d /r/n", astOut[iIte].acName, astOut[iIte].score1, astOut[iIte].score2, astOut[iIte].score3); printf("Average: %3d /r/n", astOut[iIte].ave); } return 0; } int test_13_10() { int iIte = 0; FILE *fp = NULL; ST_EMPLOYEE astEmp[SIZE] = {0}, astOut[SIZE] = {0}; if( (fp = fopen("D://employee.dat", "wb+")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { scanf("%d %s %s %d %d %d", &astEmp[iIte].m_num, astEmp[iIte].m_name, astEmp[iIte].m_addr, &astEmp[iIte].m_sex, &astEmp[iIte].m_health, &astEmp[iIte].m_edu_bakgund); } /* write */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { if(fwrite(&astEmp[iIte], sizeof(ST_EMPLOYEE), 1, fp) != 1) { printf("File Write Error /r/n"); return -2; } } fclose(fp); /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://employee.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { fread(&astOut[iIte], sizeof(ST_EMPLOYEE), 1, fp); printf("%3d %-10s %-10s %3d %3d %3d /r/n", astOut[iIte].m_num, astOut[iIte].m_name, astOut[iIte].m_addr, astOut[iIte].m_sex, astOut[iIte].m_health, astOut[iIte].m_edu_bakgund); } return 0; } int test_13_11() { int iIte = 0, iNum = 0, iPos = 0; FILE *fp = NULL; ST_EMPLOYEE astEmp[SIZE] = {0}, astTemp[SIZE] = {0}, astOut[SIZE] = {0}, stTemp = {0}; if( (fp = fopen("D://employee.dat", "wb+")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { scanf("%d %s %s %d %d %d", &astEmp[iIte].m_num, astEmp[iIte].m_name, astEmp[iIte].m_addr, &astEmp[iIte].m_sex, &astEmp[iIte].m_health, &astEmp[iIte].m_edu_bakgund); } /* write */ for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { if(fwrite(&astEmp[iIte], sizeof(ST_EMPLOYEE), 1, fp) != 1) { printf("File Write Error /r/n"); return -2; } } fclose(fp); #if 1 printf("Please Enter Delete Employee Number: "); scanf("%d", &iNum); /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://employee.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } /* find */ for(iIte = 0, iPos = 0; iIte < SIZE; iIte++) { fread(&stTemp, sizeof(ST_EMPLOYEE), 1, fp); if(stTemp.m_num == iNum) { continue; } astTemp[iPos++] = stTemp; } if(iPos == SIZE) { printf("Can not find this employee"); return -3; } fclose(fp); /* Delete */ /** 注意这里必须使用"rb+"的方式使能读写功能，不能使用"wb"或者"ab", * 因为fseek只有在"rb+"的模式下才可以对文件进行"查找+读写" */ if( (fp = fopen("D://employee.dat", "wb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < (sizeof(astTemp) / sizeof(ST_EMPLOYEE)); iIte++) { fwrite(&astTemp[iIte], sizeof(ST_EMPLOYEE), 1, fp); } fclose(fp); #endif /* read */ if( (fp = fopen("D://employee.dat", "rb")) == NULL) { printf("Can not open stud.dat /r/n"); return -1; } for(iIte = 0; iIte < SIZE - 1; iIte++) { fread(&astOut[iIte], sizeof(ST_EMPLOYEE), 1, fp); printf("%3d %-10s %-10s %3d %3d %3d /r/n", astOut[iIte].m_num, astOut[iIte].m_name, astOut[iIte].m_addr, astOut[iIte].m_sex, astOut[iIte].m_health, astOut[iIte].m_edu_bakgund); } return 0; } int test_13_12() { FILE *fp = NULL; char cTemp = 0, *fileName = "D://test_13_12.txt", *endStr = "END", *pStr = NULL, line[BUFSIZE] = {0}; if(( fp = fopen(fileName,"w") ) == NULL) { printf("Cannot Open File %s", fileName); return -1; } /** 使用fgets来进行行读入，而不适用scanf，可以保留line中的“回车”和“空格” * 使用第一个字符为特殊字符或者遇到读入文件尾部来作为while的终止 */ while( fgets(line, BUFSIZ, stdin) != NULL && line[0] != '$') { /* lower*/ pStr = line; while(*pStr != '/0') { printf("STEP 3/r/n"); if(*pStr >= 'A' && *pStr <= 'Z') { *pStr += ('a' - 'A'); } ++pStr; } /* write */ fputs(line, fp); } fclose(fp); return 0; } int testFile() { int iRet = 0; #if 0 iRet += test_13_4(); iRet += test_13_5(); iRet += test_13_6(); iRet += test_13_7(); iRet += test_13_8(); iRet += test_13_9(); iRet += test_13_10(); iRet += test_13_11(); #endif iRet += test_13_12(); return iRet; }

 

src/mian.c:

 

#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <assert.h> #include "../inc/testFile.h" int main() { int iRet = 0; iRet = testFile(); assert(iRet == 0); printf("Hello world!/n"); return 0; }