python数据结构学习笔记-2016-10-15-01-矩阵ADT

       2.4 矩阵ADT

       矩阵是一个大小为m×n的数值表，包含如下方法：

• Matrix(rows, cols)：创建一个rows×cols的矩阵，并将其内所有数值初始化为0；
• numRows()：返回矩阵的行数；
• numCols()：返回矩阵的列数；
• getitem(row, col)：返回row行col列的数值；
• setitem(row, col, scalar)：将row行col列的数值设定为scalar；
• scaleBy(scalar)：数乘运算；
• tanspose()：返回转置矩阵；
• add(other)：加法；
• substract(other)：减法；
• multiply(other)：乘法。

        2.4.1 矩阵操作

       加法和减法，数乘，乘法，转置，具体百度或Google就行。

        2.4.2 矩阵的实现

#-*-coding: utf-8-*-

# 矩阵的实现

from myarray2d import Array2D

class Matrix(object):
    def __init__(self, numRows, numCols):
        self._theGrid = Array2D(numRows, numCols)
        self._theGrid.clear(0) # 将矩阵中所有数初始化为零

    def numRows(self):
        return self._theGrid.numRows()

    def numCols(self):
        return self._theGrid.numCols()

    def __getitem__(self, ndxTuple):
        return self._theGrid[ndxTuple[0], ndxTuple[1]]

    def __setitem__(self, ndxTuple, scalar):
        self._theGrid[ndxTuple[0], ndxTuple[1]] = scalar

    # 数乘运算
    def scaleBy(self, scalar):
        for r in range(self.numRows()):
            for c in range(self.numCols()):
                self[r, c] *= scalar

    # 转置运算
    def transpose(self):
        newMatrix = Matrix(self.numCols(), self.numRows())
        for i in range(self.numRows()):
            for j in range(self.numCols()):
                newMatrix[j, i] = self[i, j]
        return newMatrix

    # 矩阵加法
    def __addd__(self, other): 
        assert other.numRows() == self.numRows() and other.numCols() == self.numCols(), "Matrix sizes not compatible for the add operation."
        newMatrix = Matrix(self.numRows(), self.numCols())
        for r in range(self.numRows()):
            for c in range(self.numCols()):
                newMatrix[r, c] = self[r, c] + other[r, c]
        return newMatrix

    # 矩阵减法
    def __sub__(self, other):
        assert other.numRows() == self.numRows() and other.numCols() == self.numCols(), "Matrix sizes not compatible for the substract operation."
        newMatrix = Matrix(self.numRows(), self.numCols())
        for r in range(self.numRows()):
            for c in range(self.numCols()):
                newMatrix[r, c] = self[r, c] - other[r, c]
        return newMatrix

    # 矩阵乘法
    def __mul__(self, other):
        assert other.numRows() == self.numCols(), "Matrix sizes not compatible for the multiple operation."
        newMatrix = Matrix(self.numRows(), other.numCols())
        for r in range(self.numRows()):
            for c in range(other.numCols()):
                newMatrix[r, c] = sum([self[r, i] * other[i, c] for i in range(self.numCols())])
        return newMatrix