python 类的内置方法

(1)__str__:

http://blog.csdn.net/xiaofeng_yan/article/details/6616743

$cat test.py 
class A:
    def __str__(self):
        return "this is in str"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    a = A()
    print a
+++++++++++++执行如下+++++++++++++++++++++++++
$python test.py 
this is in str

https://www.cnblogs.com/coder2012/p/4309999.html

(2)__call__:用于实例自身的调用

那么调用x.call(1,2)等同于调用x(1,2)

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name, gender):
        self.name = name
        self.gender = gender

    def __call__(self, friend):
        print 'My name is %s...' % self.name
        print 'My friend is %s...' % friend

#现在可以对 Person 实例直接调用：
>>> p = Person('Bob', 'male')
>>> p('Tim')
My name is Bob...
My friend is Tim...