mysql的主从备份和双机互备实现

2011-11-18 16:44 936人阅读 评论(0) 收藏 举报

mysql 服务器 file email user logging

双机互备和热备的区别：

 

       互备所指的是backup,保证数据的完整性而做的备份。主要目的是防止数据丢失。

      热备是为了保证应用的连续性。利用故障转移的方法实现。

       

    Linux下实现的双机互备：

 

 主从备份：
1、设置同步Master

修改 my.cnf 文件，在
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
添加如下内容：

 

#log-bin=/var/log/mysql/updatelog
server-id = 1
binlog-do-db=discuz
binlog-ignore-db=mysql

 

重启MySQL,创建一个MySQL帐号为同步专用

 
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p  
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO [email=]'back'@'%'[/email] IDENTIFIED BY 'back'; 
如果想要在Slave上有权限执行 "LOAD TABLE FROM MASTER" 或 "LOAD DATA FROM MASTER" 语句的话，必须授予全局的 FILE 和 SELECT 权限： 
mysql>GRANT FILE,SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO  [email=]'back'@'%'[/email] IDENTIFIED BY 'back'; 
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES ; 

 

2、设置同步Slave
修改my.cnf文件，添加

server-id = 2 

master-host = 192.168.1.123 
master-user = back 
master-password = back 
master-port = 3306 
replicate-ignore-db=mysql  
replicate-do-db=discuz 

 

重启MySQL

3、启动同步
在主服务器master MySQL命令符下

 

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p  
mysql> show master status; 
 

显示（当然这个是我机器的情况，你的不可能跟我一样哈，只是个例子）：
+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000009 | 98 | discuz | mysql |
+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+

在从服务器master MySQL命令符下

 

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p  
mysql> slave stop; 
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.123', master_user='back', master_password='back', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000009', master_log_pos=98; 
mysql> slave start; 

 

用show slave status/G;看一下从服务器的同步情况
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
如果都是yes，那代表已经在同步
往表里面写点数据测试一下看是否同步成功，如果不成功，绝对不是你的RP问题，再检查一下操作步骤！

4、设置双向同步

修改slave服务器的my.cnf，添加

log-bin=/var/log/mysql/updatelog
binlog-do-db=discuz
binlog-ignore-db=mysql

 

重启MySQL,创建一个MySQL帐号为同步专用

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO [email=]'back'@'%'[/email] IDENTIFIED BY 'back'; 
mysql> GRANT FILE,SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO  [email=]'back'@'%'[/email] IDENTIFIED BY 'back'; 
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES ; 

 

修改master服务器的my.cnf,添加
 
master-host = 192.168.1.124
master-user = back
master-password = back
master-port = 3306
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-do-db=discuz

重启MySQL

在主服务器slave MySQL命令符下：
show master status;
+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000013 | 98 | discuz | mysql |
+------------------+----------+-------------------+------------------+

在服务器A MySQL命令符下：
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?mysql> slave stop； 
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.124', master_user='back', master_password='back', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000013', master_log_pos=98; 
mysql> slave start; 
mysql> slave stop；
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.124', master_user='back', master_password='back', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000013', master_log_pos=98;
mysql> slave start;

 

mysql做互备时要注意mysql 5.5以上版本不能把

         master-host = 192.168.1.124
           master-user = back
          master-password = back
         master-port = 3306

写道my.ini文件中。要在执行完 slave stop;后 用 change  master to master_host='主的ip',master_user='用户名',mater_password='密码',master_log_file='日志',master_log_pos='同步点';

然后slave status;