最近在做项目过程中,由于在多线程中使用system函数,有时候出现莫名程序异常终止,最后决定替换所有的system函数,但是对于设置mac地址这个函数试了很多次都没有成功;今天在此总结下原因:
1. 编写的关闭/打开网卡函数没有延时;(一般情况设置开关网卡可能需要初始化,所以如果开关连续可能没有初始化成功,你可以试试在嵌入式Linux命令行下快速的开关网卡,也是没有反应的)
2. 类型转换问题;(由于为了便捷,使用sscanf提取mac字符串,如果使用8bit提取%x,转换出错,最后只能使用32bit,再一个个赋值即可)
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <sys/ioctl.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/socket.h>
- #include <net/if.h>
- #include <netinet/in.h>
- typedef signed char INT8S;
- typedef unsigned char INT8U;
- typedef signed short INT16S;
- typedef unsigned short INT16U;
- typedef signed int INT32S;
- typedef unsigned int INT32U;
- //add by lightd, 2014-06-04
- //============================================================================
- //Function: ifconfig_ethx_down_API
- //Description: 关闭本地指定网卡 - eg: ifconfig eth0 down
- //Input:
- //Output:
- //Return:
- //Others: None
- //============================================================================
- INT8S ifconfig_ethx_down_API(const INT8U *interface_name)
- {
- INT32S sock_fd;
- struct ifreq ifr;
- int selector;
- //传入参数合法性检测
- if(interface_name == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: args invalid!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -1;
- }
- //禁止关闭回环
- if(strncmp((char *)interface_name, (char *)"lo", 2) == 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: You can't pull down interface lo!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return 0;
- }
- sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
- if(sock_fd < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: socket failed!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -2;
- }
- sprintf(ifr.ifr_name, "%s", interface_name);
- if(ioctl(sock_fd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: ioctl failed 1!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -3;
- }
- selector = IFF_UP;
- ifr.ifr_flags &= ~selector;
- if(ioctl(sock_fd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: ioctl failed 2!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -4;
- }
- close( sock_fd );
- return 0;
- }
- //add by lightd, 2014-06-04
- //============================================================================
- //Function: ifconfig_ethx_up_API
- //Description: 打开本地指定网卡 - eg: ifconfig eth0 up
- //Input:
- //Output:
- //Return:
- //Others: None
- //============================================================================
- INT8S ifconfig_ethx_up_API(const INT8U *interface_name)
- {
- INT32S sock_fd;
- struct ifreq ifr;
- int selector;
- //传入参数合法性检测
- if(interface_name == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: args invalid!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -1;
- }
- sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
- if(sock_fd < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: create socket failed!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -2;
- }
- sprintf(ifr.ifr_name, "%s", interface_name);
- if(ioctl(sock_fd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: ioctl error 1", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -3;
- }
- selector = (IFF_UP | IFF_RUNNING);
- ifr.ifr_flags |= selector;
- if(ioctl(sock_fd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: ioctl error 2", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -4;
- }
- close( sock_fd );
- return 0;
- }
- //add by lightd, 2014-06-04
- //============================================================================
- //Function: SetLocalMACAddr_API
- //Description: 设置本地指定网卡的MAC
- //Input:
- //Output:
- //Return:
- //Others: None
- //Test result: 测试结果 - 连续调用20次不出错
- //============================================================================
- INT8S SetLocalMACAddr_API(const INT8U *interface_name, const INT8U *str_macaddr)
- {
- int ret;
- int sock_fd;
- struct ifreq ifr;
- INT32U mac2bit[6];
- //传入参数合法性检测
- if(interface_name == NULL || str_macaddr == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: args invalid!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -1;
- }
- //提取mac格式
- sscanf((char *)str_macaddr, "%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X", (INT8U *)&mac2bit[0], (INT8U *)&mac2bit[1], (INT8U *)&mac2bit[2], (INT8U *)&mac2bit[3], (INT8U *)&mac2bit[4], (INT8U *)&mac2bit[5]);
- sock_fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
- if (sock_fd < 0)
- {
- perror("socket error");
- return -2;
- }
- //设置mac前,必须关闭对应的网卡 - 否则出错
- ret = ifconfig_ethx_down_API( interface_name );
- if(ret < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: close eth0 error", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -3;
- }
- sleep(1); //等待网卡关闭OK
- sprintf(ifr.ifr_ifrn.ifrn_name, "%s", interface_name);
- ifr.ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr.sa_family = 1;
- ifr.ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr.sa_data[0] = mac2bit[0];
- ifr.ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr.sa_data[1] = mac2bit[1];
- ifr.ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr.sa_data[2] = mac2bit[2];
- ifr.ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr.sa_data[3] = mac2bit[3];
- ifr.ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr.sa_data[4] = mac2bit[4];
- ifr.ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr.sa_data[5] = mac2bit[5];
- ret = ioctl(sock_fd, SIOCSIFHWADDR, &ifr);
- if (ret != 0)
- {
- perror("set mac address erorr");
- return -4;
- }
- close( sock_fd );
- ret = ifconfig_ethx_up_API( interface_name );
- if(ret < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: open eth0 error!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -5;
- }
- sleep(2); //等待网卡打开OK
- return 0;
- }
- //add by lightd, 2014-06-04
- //============================================================================
- //Function: GetLocalMACAddr_API
- //Description: 获取本地指定网卡的MAC
- //Input:
- //Output:
- //Return:
- //Others: None
- //============================================================================
- INT8S GetLocalMACAddr_API(const INT8U *interface_name, INT8U *str_macaddr)
- {
- INT32S sock_fd;
- struct ifreq ifr_mac;
- //传入参数合法性检测
- if(interface_name == NULL || str_macaddr == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stdout, "%s:%d: args invalid!", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
- return -1;
- }
- sock_fd = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 );
- if( sock_fd == -1)
- {
- perror("create socket failed");
- sprintf((char *)str_macaddr, "00:00:00:00:00:00");
- return -2;
- }
- //指定网卡
- memset(&ifr_mac, 0, sizeof(ifr_mac));
- sprintf(ifr_mac.ifr_name, "%s", interface_name);
- //获取指定网卡的mac地址
- if( (ioctl( sock_fd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr_mac)) < 0 )
- {
- perror("mac ioctl error");
- sprintf((char *)str_macaddr, "00:00:00:00:00:00");
- return -3;
- }
- close( sock_fd );
- sprintf((char *)str_macaddr,"%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
- (unsigned char)ifr_mac.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[0],
- (unsigned char)ifr_mac.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[1],
- (unsigned char)ifr_mac.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[2],
- (unsigned char)ifr_mac.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[3],
- (unsigned char)ifr_mac.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[4],
- (unsigned char)ifr_mac.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[5]);
- printf("local mac:<%s> \n", str_macaddr);
- return 0;
- }
- int main(void)
- {
- INT8U str_macaddr[20];
- memset(str_macaddr, 0, sizeof(str_macaddr));
- GetLocalMACAddr_API("eth0", str_macaddr);
- fprintf(stdout, "1 mac: %s\n", str_macaddr);
- //ifconfig_ethx_down_API("eth0");
- //system("ifconfig eth0 down");
- //usleep(500000);
- //system("ifconfig eth0 up");
- //usleep(500000);
- //sleep(1); //10ms
- //ifconfig_ethx_down_API("eth0");
- //sleep(1);
- SetLocalMACAddr_API("eth0", "08:00:11:22:33:44");
- //ifconfig_ethx_up_API("eth0");
- //ifconfig_ethx_up_API("eth0");
- //sleep(2);
- memset(str_macaddr, 0, sizeof(str_macaddr));
- GetLocalMACAddr_API("eth0", str_macaddr);
- fprintf(stdout, "2 mac: %s\n", str_macaddr);
- system("ping 200.200.200.100");
- //usleep(50000);
- //ifconfig_ethx_down_API("eth0");
- //ifconfig_ethx_up_API("eth0");
- //memset(str_macaddr, 0, sizeof(str_macaddr));
- //GetLocalMACAddr_API("eth0", str_macaddr);
- fprintf(stdout, "2 mac: %s\n", str_macaddr);
- return 0;
- }