3D Studio 文件格式 (3ds)
内容:
1. 介绍
2. 块的宏定义
3. 3D编辑块
4. 关键帧块
5. 源代码(参见SRTP档案袋光盘)
1. 介绍
3ds文件由块组成。这些块说明了紧跟其ID的内容和下一个块的地址。假如对某一个块不明白,可跳过。
下一个块的指针与当前块的首地址和长度有关,3ds文件以二进制形式存储。与许多文件格式一样,3ds二进制文件中的数据也是按低位在前、高位在后的方式组织的,例如,两个十六进制字节4A 5C 组成的整形数,表明5C是高位字节,4A是低位字节;对于长整形数,如:4A 5C 3B 8F表明5C4A是低位字,而8F3B是高位字。
起点 |
终点 |
长度 |
名称 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
块Id |
2 |
5 |
4 |
指向下一个块的指针 |
每个块实际上是一个层次结构,不同类型的块,其层次结构也不相同。每一个3ds文件首块ID是4D4D。
首块就是主块。
为了对快的层次结构有一个初步的认识,下面给出一个图标来说明不同类型(ID)的块及其各自在文件中的位置,如下图,这些块都赋予了一个名字,可以便于理解或者转换为源程序。
MAIN3DS (0x4D4D)
|
+--EDIT3DS (0x3D3D)
| |
| +--EDIT_MATERIAL (0xAFFF)
| | |
| | +--MAT_NAME01 (0xA000) (See mli Doc)
| |
| +--EDIT_CONFIG1 (0x0100)
| +--EDIT_CONFIG2 (0x3E3D)
| +--EDIT_VIEW_P1 (0x7012)
| | |
| | +--TOP (0x0001)
| | +--BOTTOM (0x0002)
| | +--LEFT (0x0003)
| | +--RIGHT (0x0004)
| | +--FRONT (0x0005)
| | +--BACK (0x0006)
| | +--USER (0x0007)
| | +--CAMERA (0xFFFF)
| | +--LIGHT (0x0009)
| | +--DISABLED (0x0010)
| | +--BOGUS (0x0011)
| |
| +--EDIT_VIEW_P2 (0x7011)
| | |
| | +--TOP (0x0001)
| | +--BOTTOM (0x0002)
| | +--LEFT (0x0003)
| | +--RIGHT (0x0004)
| | +--FRONT (0x0005)
| | +--BACK (0x0006)
| | +--USER (0x0007)
| | +--CAMERA (0xFFFF)
| | +--LIGHT (0x0009)
| | +--DISABLED (0x0010)
| | +--BOGUS (0x0011)
| |
| +--EDIT_VIEW_P3 (0x7020)
| +--EDIT_VIEW1 (0x7001)
| +--EDIT_BACKGR (0x1200)
| +--EDIT_AMBIENT (0x2100)
| +--EDIT_OBJECT (0x4000)
| | |
| | +--OBJ_TRIMESH (0x4100)
| | | |
| | | +--TRI_VERTEXL (0x4110)
| | | +--TRI_VERTEXOPTIONS (0x4111)
| | | +--TRI_MAPPINGCOORS (0x4140)
| | | +--TRI_MAPPINGSTANDARD (0x4170)
| | | +--TRI_FACEL1 (0x4120)
| | | | |
| | | | +--TRI_SMOOTH (0x4150)
| | | | +--TRI_MATERIAL (0x4130)
| | | |
| | | +--TRI_LOCAL (0x4160)
| | | +--TRI_VISIBLE (0x4165)
| | |
| | +--OBJ_LIGHT (0x4600)
| | | |
| | | +--LIT_OFF (0x4620)
| | | +--LIT_SPOT (0x4610)
| | | +--LIT_UNKNWN01 (0x465A)
| | |
| | +--OBJ_CAMERA (0x4700)
| | | |
| | | +--CAM_UNKNWN01 (0x4710)
| | | +--CAM_UNKNWN02 (0x4720)
| | |
| | +--OBJ_UNKNWN01 (0x4710)
| | +--OBJ_UNKNWN02 (0x4720)
| |
| +--EDIT_UNKNW01 (0x1100)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW02 (0x1201)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW03 (0x1300)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW04 (0x1400)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW05 (0x1420)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW06 (0x1450)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW07 (0x1500)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW08 (0x2200)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW09 (0x2201)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW10 (0x2210)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW11 (0x2300)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW12 (0x2302)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW13 (0x2000)
| +--EDIT_UNKNW14 (0xAFFF)
|
+--KEYF3DS (0xB000)
|
+--KEYF_UNKNWN01 (0xB00A)
+--............. (0x7001) ( viewport, same as editor )
+--KEYF_FRAMES (0xB008)
+--KEYF_UNKNWN02 (0xB009)
+--KEYF_OBJDES (0xB002)
|
+--KEYF_OBJHIERARCH (0xB010)
+--KEYF_OBJDUMMYNAME (0xB011)
+--KEYF_OBJUNKNWN01 (0xB013)
+--KEYF_OBJUNKNWN02 (0xB014)
+--KEYF_OBJUNKNWN03 (0xB015)
+--KEYF_OBJPIVOT (0xB020)
+--KEYF_OBJUNKNWN04 (0xB021)
+--KEYF_OBJUNKNWN05 (0xB022)
颜色块是文件中自始至终都见到的一种块类型,颜色块共有三种类型,依次是COL_RGB COL_TRU COL_UNK 。
2. 块的宏定义
=========================
现在,我将用宏定义定义这些块,这些宏定义取自源程序代码。然而,依然需要小心,因为很多新块未能得到及时的说明。
//------ Primary chunk
#define MAIN3DS 0x4D4D
//------ Main Chunks
#define EDIT3DS 0x3D3D // this is the start of the editor config
#define KEYF3DS 0xB000 // this is the start of the keyframer config
//------ sub defines of EDIT3DS
#define EDIT_MATERIAL 0xAFFF
#define EDIT_CONFIG1 0x0100
#define EDIT_CONFIG2 0x3E3D
#define EDIT_VIEW_P1 0x7012
#define EDIT_VIEW_P2 0x7011
#define EDIT_VIEW_P3 0x7020
#define EDIT_VIEW1 0x7001
#define EDIT_BACKGR 0x1200
#define EDIT_AMBIENT 0x2100
#define EDIT_OBJECT 0x4000
#define EDIT_UNKNW01 0x1100
#define EDIT_UNKNW02 0x1201
#define EDIT_UNKNW03 0x1300
#define EDIT_UNKNW04 0x1400
#define EDIT_UNKNW05 0x1420
#define EDIT_UNKNW06 0x1450
#define EDIT_UNKNW07 0x1500
#define EDIT_UNKNW08 0x2200
#define EDIT_UNKNW09 0x2201
#define EDIT_UNKNW10 0x2210
#define EDIT_UNKNW11 0x2300
#define EDIT_UNKNW12 0x2302
#define EDIT_UNKNW13 0x3000
#define EDIT_UNKNW14 0xAFFF
//------ sub defines of EDIT_OBJECT
#define OBJ_TRIMESH 0x4100
#define OBJ_LIGHT 0x4600
#define OBJ_CAMERA 0x4700
#define OBJ_UNKNWN01 0x4010
#define OBJ_UNKNWN02 0x4012 //---- Could be shadow
//------ sub defines of OBJ_CAMERA
#define CAM_UNKNWN01 0x4710
#define CAM_UNKNWN02 0x4720
//------ sub defines of OBJ_LIGHT
#define LIT_OFF 0x4620
#define LIT_SPOT 0x4610
#define LIT_UNKNWN01 0x465A
//------ sub defines of OBJ_TRIMESH
#define TRI_VERTEXL 0x4110
#define TRI_FACEL2 0x4111
#define TRI_FACEL1 0x4120
#define TRI_SMOOTH 0x4150
#define TRI_LOCAL 0x4160
#define TRI_VISIBLE 0x4165