objective-c 使用文件(二)

使用路径:NSPathUtilities.h

 

NSPathUtilities.h包含了NSString的函数和分类扩展，它允许你操作路径名。

 

下面是一个例子：

#import <Foundation/NSArray.h> #import <Foundation/NSString.h> #import <Foundation/NSFileManager.h> #import <Foundation/NSAutoreleasePool.h> #import <Foundation/NSPathUtilities.h> int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSFileManager *fm; NSString *fName = @"path.m"; NSString *path,*tempdir,*extension,*homedir,*fullpath; NSString *upath = @"~stevekochan/progs/../ch16/./path.m"; NSArray *components; fm = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; //Get the temporary working directory tempdir = NSTemporaryDirectory(); NSLog(@"Temporary Directory is %@",tempdir); //Extract the base directory from current directory path = [fm currentDirectoryPath]; NSLog(@"Base dir is %@",[path lastPathComponent]); //Create a full path to the file fName in current directory fullpath = [path stringByAppendingPathComponent:fName]; NSLog(@"fullpath to %@ is %@",fName,fullpath); //Get the file name extension extension = [fullpath pathExtension]; NSLog(@"extension for %@ is %@", fullpath,extension); //Get user's home directory homedir = NSHomeDirectory(); NSLog(@"Your home directory is %@",homedir); //Divide a path into its components components = [homedir pathComponents]; for(int i = 0; i < [components count]; i++) { NSLog(@"%@",[components objectAtIndex: i]); } //"Standardize" a path NSLog(@"%@ => %@",upath,[upath stringByStandardizingPath]); [pool drain]; return 0; }

 

 

 

 

复制文件和使用NSProcessInfo类

 

使用例子：

#import <Foundation/NSArray.h> #import <Foundation/NSString.h> #import <Foundation/NSFileManager.h> #import <Foundation/NSAutoreleasePool.h> #import <Foundation/NSPathUtilities.h> #import <Foundation/NSProcessInfo.h> //Implement a basic copy utility int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSFileManager *fm; NSString *source,*dest; BOOL isDir; NSProcessInfo *proc = [NSProcessInfo processInfo]; NSArray *args = [proc arguments]; fm = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; //Check for two arguments on the command line if([args count] != 3) { NSLog(@"Usage: %@ src dest ",[proc processName]); return 1; } source = [args objectAtIndex:1]; dest = [args objectAtIndex:2]; //Make sure the source file can be read if([fm isReadableFileAtPath: source] == NO) { NSLog(@"Can't read %@",source); return 2; } //See if the destination file is a directory //if it is , add the source to the end of the destination [fm fileExistsAtPath: dest isDirectory: &isDir]; if(isDir == YES) { dest = [dest stringByAppendingPathComponent:[source lastPathComponent]]; } //Remove the destination file if it already exists [fm removeFileAtPath:dest handler:nil]; //Okay,time to perform the copy if([fm copyPath: source toPath: dest handler:nil] == NO) { NSLog(@"Copy failed"); return 3; } NSLog(@"Copy of %@ to %@ succeeded!",source,dest); [pool drain]; return 0; }

 

 

 

 

基本文件操作:NSFileHandle

 

利用NSFileHandle类提供的方法，请允许我更有效地使用文件。一般而言，我们处理文件时都要经历以下三个步骤：

1.打开文件，并获取一个NSFileHandle对象，以便在后面的I/O操作中引用该文件。

2.对打开的文件执行I/O操作。

3.关闭文件。

 

下面的实例打开开始创建的原始testfile文件，读取它的内容，并将其复制到名为testout的文件中。

代码如下：

#import <Foundation/NSObject.h> #import <Foundation/NSString.h> #import <Foundation/NSFileManager.h> #import <Foundation/NSFileHandle.h> #import <Foundation/NSAutoreleasePool.h> #import <Foundation/NSData.h> //Implement a basic copy utility int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSFileHandle *inFile,*outFile; NSData *buffer; //Open the file testfile.txt for reading inFile = [NSFileHandle fileHandleForReadingAtPath: @"testfile.txt"]; if(inFile == nil) { NSLog(@"Open of testfile for reading failed"); return 1; } //Create output file first if necessary [[NSFileManager defaultManager] createFileAtPath: @"testout.txt" contents:nil attributes:nil]; //Now open outfile for writing outFile = [NSFileHandle fileHandleForWritingAtPath: @"testout.txt"]; if(outFile == nil) { NSLog(@"Open of testout for writing failed"); return 2; } //Truncate the output file since it may contain data [outFile truncateFileAtOffset:0]; //Read the data from inFile and write it to outFile buffer = [inFile readDataToEndOfFile]; [outFile writeData:buffer]; //Close the two files [inFile closeFile]; [outFile closeFile]; //Verify the file's contents NSLog(@"%@",[NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:@"testout.txt" encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil]); [pool drain]; return 0; }