Android中网络请求一般使用Apache HTTP Client或者采用HttpURLConnect,但是直接使用这两个类库需要写大量的代码才能完成网络post和get请求,而使用android-async-http这个库可以大大的简化操作,它是基于Apache’s HttpClient ,所有的请求都是独立在UI主线程之外,通过回调方法处理请求结果,采用Android Handler Message 机制传递信息。android-async-http特性:
1)采用异步http请求,并通过匿名内部类处理回调结果
2)http请求独立在UI主线程之外
3)采用线程池来处理并发请求
4)采用RequestParams类创建GET/POST参数
5)不需要第三方包即可支持Multipart file文件上传
6)大小只有25kb
7)自动为各种移动电话处理连接断开时请求重连
8)超快的自动gzip响应解码支持
9)使用BinaryHttpResponseHandler类下载二进制文件(如图片)
10) 使用JsonHttpResponseHandler类可以自动将响应结果解析为json格式
11)持久化cookie存储,可以将cookie保存到你的应用程序的SharedPreferences中
下来看二次封装具体实现的流程图和代码实现:
1.在AppContext中初始化网络请求,将框架封装到ApiHttpClient
- package com.example.network;
- import android.app.Application;
- import com.example.network.api.ApiHttpClient;
- import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpClient;
- public class AppContext extends Application {
- @Override
- public void onCreate() {
- super.onCreate();
- init();
- }
- private void init() {
- // 初始化网络请求
- AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
- // 将框架封装到ApiHttpClient
- ApiHttpClient.setHttpClient(client);
- }
- }
package com.example.network;
import android.app.Application;
import com.example.network.api.ApiHttpClient;
import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpClient;
public class AppContext extends Application {
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
init();
}
private void init() {
// 初始化网络请求
AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
// 将框架封装到ApiHttpClient
ApiHttpClient.setHttpClient(client);
}
}
千万注意要加上网络权限:
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
- <application
- android:name="com.example.network.AppContext"
- android:allowBackup="true"
- android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
- android:label="@string/app_name"
- android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<application
android:name="com.example.network.AppContext"
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
2.封装的ApiHttpClient拥有网络请求的能力,并且封装了请求主机
- package com.example.network.api;
- import java.util.Locale;
- import org.apache.http.client.params.ClientPNames;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.util.Log;
- import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpClient;
- import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpResponseHandler;
- import com.loopj.android.http.RequestParams;
- public class ApiHttpClient {
- public final static String HOST = "www.google.com";
- private static String API_URL = "http://www.google.com/%s";
- public final static String HOST_LOCAL = "192.168.52.2";
- private static String API_URL_LOCAL = "http://192.168.52.2:8080/%s";
- // public final static String HOST = "192.168.52.2";
- // private static String API_URL = "http://192.168.52.2/%s";
- public static final String DELETE = "DELETE";
- public static final String GET = "GET";
- public static final String POST = "POST";
- public static final String PUT = "PUT";
- public static AsyncHttpClient client;
- public ApiHttpClient() {}
- public static AsyncHttpClient getHttpClient() {
- return client;
- }
- public static void cancelAll(Context context) {
- client.cancelRequests(context, true);
- }
- public static void clearUserCookies(Context context) {
- // (new HttpClientCookieStore(context)).a();
- }
- public static void delete(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.delete(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("DELETE ").append(partUrl).toString());
- }
- public static void get(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.get(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(partUrl).toString());
- }
- public static void get(String partUrl, RequestParams params,
- AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.get(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), params, handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(partUrl).append("&")
- .append(params).toString());
- }
- /**
- * 获取局域网服务器数据
- * @param partUrl
- * @param params
- * @param handler
- */
- public static void getLocal(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.get(getLocalAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(partUrl).toString());
- }
- /**
- * 获取局域网服务器数据
- * @param partUrl
- * @param params
- * @param handler
- */
- public static void getLocal(String partUrl, RequestParams params,
- AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.get(getLocalAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), params, handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(partUrl).append("&")
- .append(params).toString());
- }
- public static String getLocalAbsoluteApiUrl(String partUrl) {
- String url = String.format(API_URL_LOCAL, partUrl);
- Log.d("BASE_CLIENT", "request:" + url);
- return url;
- }
- public static String getAbsoluteApiUrl(String partUrl) {
- String url = String.format(API_URL, partUrl);
- Log.d("BASE_CLIENT", "request:" + url);
- return url;
- }
- public static String getApiUrl() {
- return API_URL;
- }
- public static void getDirect(String url, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.get(url, handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(url).toString());
- }
- public static void log(String log) {
- Log.d("BaseApi", log);
- }
- public static void post(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.post(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("POST ").append(partUrl).toString());
- }
- public static void post(String partUrl, RequestParams params,
- AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.post(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), params, handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("POST ").append(partUrl).append("&")
- .append(params).toString());
- }
- public static void postDirect(String url, RequestParams params,
- AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.post(url, params, handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("POST ").append(url).append("&").append(params)
- .toString());
- }
- public static void put(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.put(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("PUT ").append(partUrl).toString());
- }
- public static void put(String partUrl, RequestParams params,
- AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- client.put(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), params, handler);
- log(new StringBuilder("PUT ").append(partUrl).append("&")
- .append(params).toString());
- }
- public static void setApiUrl(String apiUrl) {
- API_URL = apiUrl;
- }
- /**
- * 初始化请求头
- */
- public static void setHttpClient(AsyncHttpClient c) {
- client = c;
- client.addHeader("Accept-Language", Locale.getDefault().toString());
- client.addHeader("Host", HOST);
- client.addHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
- client.getHttpClient().getParams()
- .setParameter(ClientPNames.ALLOW_CIRCULAR_REDIRECTS, true);
- }
- public static void setUserAgent(String userAgent) {
- client.setUserAgent(userAgent);
- }
- public static void setCookie(String cookie) {
- client.addHeader("Cookie", cookie);
- }
- private static String appCookie;
- public static void cleanCookie() {
- appCookie = "";
- }
- }
package com.example.network.api;
import java.util.Locale;
import org.apache.http.client.params.ClientPNames;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Log;
import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpClient;
import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpResponseHandler;
import com.loopj.android.http.RequestParams;
public class ApiHttpClient {
public final static String HOST = "www.google.com";
private static String API_URL = "http://www.google.com/%s";
public final static String HOST_LOCAL = "192.168.52.2";
private static String API_URL_LOCAL = "http://192.168.52.2:8080/%s";
// public final static String HOST = "192.168.52.2";
// private static String API_URL = "http://192.168.52.2/%s";
public static final String DELETE = "DELETE";
public static final String GET = "GET";
public static final String POST = "POST";
public static final String PUT = "PUT";
public static AsyncHttpClient client;
public ApiHttpClient() {}
public static AsyncHttpClient getHttpClient() {
return client;
}
public static void cancelAll(Context context) {
client.cancelRequests(context, true);
}
public static void clearUserCookies(Context context) {
// (new HttpClientCookieStore(context)).a();
}
public static void delete(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.delete(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
log(new StringBuilder("DELETE ").append(partUrl).toString());
}
public static void get(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.get(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(partUrl).toString());
}
public static void get(String partUrl, RequestParams params,
AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.get(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), params, handler);
log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(partUrl).append("&")
.append(params).toString());
}
/**
* 获取局域网服务器数据
* @param partUrl
* @param params
* @param handler
*/
public static void getLocal(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.get(getLocalAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(partUrl).toString());
}
/**
* 获取局域网服务器数据
* @param partUrl
* @param params
* @param handler
*/
public static void getLocal(String partUrl, RequestParams params,
AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.get(getLocalAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), params, handler);
log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(partUrl).append("&")
.append(params).toString());
}
public static String getLocalAbsoluteApiUrl(String partUrl) {
String url = String.format(API_URL_LOCAL, partUrl);
Log.d("BASE_CLIENT", "request:" + url);
return url;
}
public static String getAbsoluteApiUrl(String partUrl) {
String url = String.format(API_URL, partUrl);
Log.d("BASE_CLIENT", "request:" + url);
return url;
}
public static String getApiUrl() {
return API_URL;
}
public static void getDirect(String url, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.get(url, handler);
log(new StringBuilder("GET ").append(url).toString());
}
public static void log(String log) {
Log.d("BaseApi", log);
}
public static void post(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.post(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
log(new StringBuilder("POST ").append(partUrl).toString());
}
public static void post(String partUrl, RequestParams params,
AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.post(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), params, handler);
log(new StringBuilder("POST ").append(partUrl).append("&")
.append(params).toString());
}
public static void postDirect(String url, RequestParams params,
AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.post(url, params, handler);
log(new StringBuilder("POST ").append(url).append("&").append(params)
.toString());
}
public static void put(String partUrl, AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.put(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), handler);
log(new StringBuilder("PUT ").append(partUrl).toString());
}
public static void put(String partUrl, RequestParams params,
AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
client.put(getAbsoluteApiUrl(partUrl), params, handler);
log(new StringBuilder("PUT ").append(partUrl).append("&")
.append(params).toString());
}
public static void setApiUrl(String apiUrl) {
API_URL = apiUrl;
}
/**
* 初始化请求头
*/
public static void setHttpClient(AsyncHttpClient c) {
client = c;
client.addHeader("Accept-Language", Locale.getDefault().toString());
client.addHeader("Host", HOST);
client.addHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
client.getHttpClient().getParams()
.setParameter(ClientPNames.ALLOW_CIRCULAR_REDIRECTS, true);
}
public static void setUserAgent(String userAgent) {
client.setUserAgent(userAgent);
}
public static void setCookie(String cookie) {
client.addHeader("Cookie", cookie);
}
private static String appCookie;
public static void cleanCookie() {
appCookie = "";
}
}
3.为了更方便的调用ApiHttpClient,NetWorkApi封装了请求路径、参数,而当请求网络时,只需要调用NetWorkApi,将请求参数传入即可
- package com.example.network.api;
- import android.text.TextUtils;
- import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpResponseHandler;
- public class NetWorkApi {
- /**
- * 根据用户 指定的类型, 页码 请求数据.
- * @param catalog
- * @param page
- * @param handler 传给框架, 当数据请求结束时, 里边的方法会被调用
- */
- public static void getNewsList(int catalog, int page,
- AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
- // 测试地址:http://192.168.52.2:8080/networkserver/list/news/page0.xml
- String path = "";
- switch (catalog) {
- case 1:
- path = "networkserver/list/news/page"+page+".xml";
- break;
- case 4:
- path = "networkserver/list/hotspot/page"+page+".xml";
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- if(TextUtils.isEmpty(path)) return;
- ApiHttpClient.getLocal("networkserver/list/news/page"+page+".xml", handler);
- }
- }
package com.example.network.api;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpResponseHandler;
public class NetWorkApi {
/**
* 根据用户 指定的类型, 页码 请求数据.
* @param catalog
* @param page
* @param handler 传给框架, 当数据请求结束时, 里边的方法会被调用
*/
public static void getNewsList(int catalog, int page,
AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler) {
// 测试地址:http://192.168.52.2:8080/networkserver/list/news/page0.xml
String path = "";
switch (catalog) {
case 1:
path = "networkserver/list/news/page"+page+".xml";
break;
case 4:
path = "networkserver/list/hotspot/page"+page+".xml";
break;
default:
break;
}
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(path)) return;
ApiHttpClient.getLocal("networkserver/list/news/page"+page+".xml", handler);
}
}
4.MainActivity将请求参数传入NetWorkApi,并将请求成功的字符串显示在Demo界面上
- package com.example.network;
- import org.apache.http.Header;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- import com.example.network.api.NetWorkApi;
- import com.example.network.R;
- import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpResponseHandler;
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private int page;
- private int catalog;
- private TextView tv;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
- }
- public void getData(View view){
- // 请求一个网络地址, 将字符串显示到界面上
- // 测试地址:http://192.168.52.2:8080/networkserver/list/news/page0.xml
- /**
- * 请求网络:一行代码实现
- */
- page = 0; // 第几页
- catalog = 1;
- NetWorkApi.getNewsList(catalog, page, handler);
- }
- AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler = new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {
- @Override
- public void onSuccess(int code, Header[] headers, byte[] data) {
- Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "请求成功", 0).show();
- tv.setText(new String(data));
- }
- @Override
- public void onFailure(int code, Header[] arg1, byte[] arg2, Throwable arg3) {
- Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "请求失败", 0).show();
- }
- };
- }
package com.example.network;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.example.network.api.NetWorkApi;
import com.example.network.R;
import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpResponseHandler;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private int page;
private int catalog;
private TextView tv;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
}
public void getData(View view){
// 请求一个网络地址, 将字符串显示到界面上
// 测试地址:http://192.168.52.2:8080/networkserver/list/news/page0.xml
/**
* 请求网络:一行代码实现
*/
page = 0; // 第几页
catalog = 1;
NetWorkApi.getNewsList(catalog, page, handler);
}
AsyncHttpResponseHandler handler = new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(int code, Header[] headers, byte[] data) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "请求成功", 0).show();
tv.setText(new String(data));
}
@Override
public void onFailure(int code, Header[] arg1, byte[] arg2, Throwable arg3) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "请求失败", 0).show();
}
};
}
二次封装后的运行效果图: