mp4 box信息实例分析 1

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http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/index.html

一、BOX总体视图

以下图片摘自：http://www.cnblogs.com/haibindev/archive/2011/10/17/2214518.html

二、box定义

摘自规范：ISO_IEC_14496-12_2012

本文介绍：

• ftyp
• moov
  
  • mvhd
  • trak
    
    • tkhd
    • tref
    • mdia
      
      • mdhd
      • hdlr
      • minf
        
        • vmhd
        • smhd
        • hmhd
        • nmhd
• -

moov,mvhd,trak,tkhd,tref,mdia,mdhd,hdlr,minf,vmhd,smhd,hmhd,nmhd

1、BOX
aligned(8) class Box (unsigned int(32) boxtype,
optional unsigned int(8)[16] extended_type) {
    unsigned int(32) size;
    unsigned int(32) type = boxtype;
    if (size==1) {
    unsigned int(64) largesize;
    } else if (size==0) {
    // box extends to end of file
    }
    if (boxtype==‘uuid’) {
    unsigned int(8)[16] usertype = extended_type;
    }
}

aligned(8) class FullBox(unsigned int(32) boxtype, unsigned int(8) v, bit(24) f) extends Box(boxtype) {
    unsigned int(8)
    version = v;
    bit(24)
    flags = f;
}


2、ftyp BOX
aligned(8) class FileTypeBox extends Box(‘ftyp’) {
    unsigned int(32) major_brand;
    unsigned int(32) minor_version;
    unsigned int(32) compatible_brands[];
}
/*
Each brand is a printable four-character code, registered with ISO, that identifies a precise specification.
major_brand – is a brand identifier
minor_version – is an informative integer for the minor version of the major brand
compatible_brands – is a list, to the end of the box, of brands
*/


3、moov box
//------------- Movie Structure --------------------//
//----Movie Box--//
//Definition
Box Type:‘moov’
Container:File
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:Exactly one

//Syntax
aligned(8) class MovieBox extends Box(‘moov’){
}

3.1 mvhd box
//---Movie Header Box---//
//Definition
Box Type:‘mvhd’
Container:Movie Box (‘moov’)
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:Exactly one

//Syntax
aligned(8) class MovieHeaderBox extends FullBox(‘mvhd’, version, 0) {
    if (version==1) {
        unsigned int(64) creation_time;
        unsigned int(64) modification_time;
        unsigned int(32) timescale;
        unsigned int(64) duration;
    } else { // version==0
        unsigned int(32) creation_time;
        unsigned int(32) modification_time;
        unsigned int(32) timescale;
        unsigned int(32) duration;
    }
    template int(32) rate = 0x00010000; // typically 1.0
    template int(16) volume = 0x0100;
    // typically, full volume
    const bit(16) reserved = 0;
    const unsigned int(32)[2] reserved = 0;
    template int(32)[9] matrix =
    { 0x00010000,0,0,0,0x00010000,0,0,0,0x40000000 };
    // Unity matrix
    bit(32)[6] pre_defined = 0;
    unsigned int(32) next_track_ID;
}

3.2 track box
//----Track Box --//
8.3.1.1 Track Box
//Definition
Box Type:‘trak’
Container:Movie Box (‘moov’)
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:One or more

8.3.1.2
//Syntax
aligned(8) class TrackBox extends Box(‘trak’) {
}

3.2.1 track header box
//-----8.3.2.1 Track Header Box--//
//Definition
Box Type:‘tkhd’
Container:Track Box (‘trak’)
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:Exactly one

//8.3.2.2 Syntax
aligned(8) class TrackHeaderBox
extends FullBox(‘tkhd’, version, flags){
    if (version==1) {
        unsigned int(64) creation_time;
        unsigned int(64) modification_time;
        unsigned int(32) track_ID;
        const unsigned int(32) reserved = 0;
        unsigned int(64) duration;
    } else { // version==0
        unsigned int(32) creation_time;
        unsigned int(32) modification_time;
        unsigned int(32) track_ID;
        const unsigned int(32) reserved = 0;
        unsigned int(32) duration;
    }
    const unsigned int(32)[2] reserved = 0;
    template int(16) layer = 0;
    template int(16) alternate_group = 0;
    template int(16) volume = {if track_is_audio 0x0100 else 0};
    const unsigned int(16) reserved = 0;
    template int(32)[9] matrix=
    { 0x00010000,0,0,0,0x00010000,0,0,0,0x40000000 };
    // unity matrix
    unsigned int(32) width;
    unsigned int(32) height;
}

//--------8.3.3 Track Reference Box-----//
//8.3.3.1 Definition
Box Type:`tref’
Container:Track Box (‘trak’)
Mandatory:No
Quantity:Zero or one

//8.3.3.2 Syntax
aligned(8) class TrackReferenceBox extends Box(‘tref’) {
}
aligned(8) class TrackReferenceTypeBox (unsigned int(32) reference_type) extends
Box(reference_type) {
    unsigned int(32) track_IDs[];
}


//---------------------8.4 Track Media Structure-------------//
//--8.4.1 Media Box --//
//8.4.1.1 Definition
Box Type:‘mdia’
Container:Track Box (‘trak’)
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:Exactly one

//8.4.1.2 Syntax
aligned(8) class MediaBox extends Box(‘mdia’) {
}

//--8.4.2 Media Header Box --//
//8.4.2.1 Definition
Box Type:‘mdhd’
Container:Media Box (‘mdia’)
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:Exactly one

//8.4.2.2 Syntax
aligned(8) class MediaHeaderBox extends FullBox(‘mdhd’, version, 0) {
    if (version==1) {
        unsigned int(64) creation_time;
        unsigned int(64) modification_time;
        unsigned int(32) timescale;
        unsigned int(64) duration;
    } else { // version==0
        unsigned int(32) creation_time;
        unsigned int(32) modification_time;
        unsigned int(32) timescale;
        unsigned int(32) duration;
    }
    bit(1)
    pad = 0;
    unsigned int(5)[3]
    language;   // ISO-639-2/T language code
    unsigned int(16) pre_defined = 0;
}


//---------------8.4.3 Handler Reference Box -------//
//8.4.3.1 Definition
Box Type:‘hdlr’
Container:Media Box (‘mdia’) or Meta Box (‘meta’)
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:Exactly one

//8.4.3.2 Syntax

aligned(8) class HandlerBox extends FullBox(‘hdlr’, version = 0, 0) {
    unsigned int(32) pre_defined = 0;
    unsigned int(32) handler_type;
    const unsigned int(32)[3] reserved = 0;
    string  name;
}

//8.4.3.3 Semantics
/*
version is an integer that specifies the version of this box
handler_type when present in a media box, is an integer containing one of the following values, or a
value from a derived specification:
‘vide’ Video track
‘soun’ Audio track
‘hint’ Hint track
‘meta’ Timed Metadata track
‘auxv’ Auxiliary Video track

handler_type when present in a meta box, contains an appropriate value to indicate the format of the meta box contents. The value ‘null’ can be used in the primary meta box to indicate that it is
merely being used to hold resources.
name is a null-terminated string in UTF-8 characters which gives a human-readable name for the track type (for debugging and inspection purposes).
*/



//----8.4.4 Media Information Box----//
//8.4.4.1 Definition
Box Type:‘minf’
Container:Media Box (‘mdia’)
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:Exactly one

//8.4.4.2 Syntax
aligned(8) class MediaInformationBox extends Box(‘minf’) {
}


//-----8.4.5 Media Information Header Boxes ---//
//8.4.5.1 Definition
Box Types:‘vmhd’, ‘smhd’, ’hmhd’, ‘nmhd’
Container:Media Information Box (‘minf’)
Mandatory:Yes
Quantity:Exactly one specific media header shall be present

//下面是不同的具体类型：
//8.4.5.2 Video Media Header Box
aligned(8) class VideoMediaHeaderBox extends FullBox(‘vmhd’, version = 0, 1) {
    template unsigned int(16) graphicsmode = 0;
    // copy, see below
    template unsigned int(16)[3] opcolor = {0, 0, 0};
}

//8.4.5.3 Sound Media Header Box
aligned(8) class SoundMediaHeaderBox extends FullBox(‘smhd’, version = 0, 0) {
    template int(16) balance = 0;
    const unsigned int(16) reserved = 0;
}

//8.4.5.4 Hint Media Header Box
aligned(8) class HintMediaHeaderBox extends FullBox(‘hmhd’, version = 0, 0) {
    unsigned int(16) maxPDUsize;
    unsigned int(16) avgPDUsize;
    unsigned int(32) maxbitrate;
    unsigned int(32) avgbitrate;
    unsigned int(32) reserved = 0;
}

//8.4.5.5 Null Media Header Box
Streams other than visual and audio (e.g., timed metadata streams) may use a null Media Header Box, as defined here.

aligned(8) class NullMediaHeaderBox extends FullBox(’nmhd’, version = 0, flags) {
}