ABAP触发BW处理链的两种方法

http://www.cnblogs.com/clsoho/archive/2011/08/04/2127704.html

Two ways of Trriger BW Process Chain by abap (ABAP触发BW处理链的两种方法)

最近需要用ABAP触发处理链，并且还要控制处理链的执行次数，找了很多资料，终于成功实现了。我目

前知道的方法有两种。一种是直接通过SAP提供的API函数去触发处理链，另外一种就是通过事件触发处

理链。下面分别对两种触发处理链的方法做大致说明。

Method1：API

在BW中，找到Function group : RSPC_API

里面有如下函数：RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_ERRORS
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_LOG
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_PROCESSES
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_RUNS
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_STARTCOND
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_STATUS
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_VARIABLES
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_INTERRUPT
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_MAINTAIN
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_RESTART
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_SCHEDULE
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_SET_STARTCOND
              RSPC_API_CHAIN_START
              RSPC_API_GET_CHAINS
              RSPC_API_PROCESS_GET_INFO
              RSPC_API_PROCESS_GET_JOBS
              RSPC_API_PROCESS_GET_LOG
              RSPC_API_PROCESS_RESTART
              RSPC_API_SYSTEM_MESSAGE_GET

相信大家通过函数名称也大概知道了函数的功能。放一个PDF介绍这些函数的，有兴趣的可以研究一下。

/Files/clsoho/ICCJobSchedulingBWCertificationScenarios.pdf

这里我使用RSPC_API_CHAIN_START来触发处理链，这些函数都是RFC函数。

当然，要想多次执行处理链，必须保证上次的处理链执行已经结束。所以如何获取处理链的状态，也是个问题。

我还是使用这里面的函数RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_STATUS来获得处理链的当前状态。以此判断处理链是否执行完成。

下面是示例程序代码：

 REPORT  ztest888 MESSAGE-ID ZXXX.

DATA: logid TYPE rspc_logid.
DATA: rs_status TYPE rspc_state.
DATA: nsec TYPE i.

PARAMETERS: p_chain TYPE rspc_chain OBLIGATORY.
PARAMETERS: times TYPE int1 OBLIGATORY DEFAULT 1.

INITIALIZATION.
  "initial wait time
  nsec = 60.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN.

 

START-OF-SELECTION.

 "RUN PROCESS CHAINP_CHAIN TIMES 。
  DO times TIMES.

    CLEAR: logid,
           rs_status.

    CALL FUNCTION 'RSPC_API_CHAIN_START'
      EXPORTING
        i_chain               = p_chain
      IMPORTING
        e_logid               = logid
      EXCEPTIONS
        system_failure        = 1
        communication_failure = 2
        failed                = 3
        OTHERS                = 4.

    IF sy-subrc EQ 0. "START PROCESS CHAIN SUCESSFUL

      "SUCESS START PROCESS CHAIN，READ PROCESS CHAIN STATUS
      CALL FUNCTION 'RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_STATUS'
        EXPORTING
          i_chain               = 'ZBW_ALL_MONTH'
          i_logid               = logid
        IMPORTING
          e_status              = rs_status
        EXCEPTIONS
          system_failure        = 1
          communication_failure = 2.

      IF sy-subrc <> 0.
        MESSAGE e000(zcrm) WITH  'READ PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'STATUS WRONG!'.
      ENDIF.

      WHILE rs_status EQ 'A'. "PROCESS CHAIN STATUS "A"，PROCESSING

        MESSAGE s000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain '正在执行中！请等待……'.

        WAIT UP TO nsec SECONDS.

        CALL FUNCTION 'RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_STATUS'
          EXPORTING
            i_chain               = p_chain
            i_logid               = logid
          IMPORTING
            e_status              = rs_status
          EXCEPTIONS
            system_failure        = 1
            communication_failure = 2.

        IF sy-subrc <> 0.
          MESSAGE e000(zcrm) WITH  'READ PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'STATUS WRONG!'.
        ENDIF.

      ENDWHILE.

      "IF PROCESS CHAIN'S STATUS IS NOT "A",COMPLETE SUCESSFUL OR WITH ERROR

      CASE rs_status.
        WHEN 'G'.
          "PROCESS CHAIN COMPLETE SUCESSFULLY
          MESSAGE i000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'SUCESSFULLY COMPLETE-' sy-index.
        WHEN 'R'.
          "PROCESS CHAIN INCLUDE ERRORS
          MESSAGE e000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'COMPLETE WITH ERRORS！'.
          EXIT.
        WHEN 'X'.
          "PROCESS CHAIN INTERUPT
          MESSAGE e000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'INTERUPT'.
          EXIT.
        WHEN OTHERS.
          "OTHER ERRORS
          MESSAGE e000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'UNKONW ERROR！'.
          EXIT.
      ENDCASE.
    ELSE.
      "PROCESS CHAIN STARTED WRONG
      MESSAGE e000 WITH  'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'START UNSUCESSFUL-' sy-index.

      "ADD 1 TO TIMES
      times = times + 1.
    ENDIF.
  ENDDO.

METHOD2：通过定义事件触发处理链。

这种方法在Software Developer Network上已经有教材了。这里上传一PDF文档，只需要根据此文档操作，就不会有问题了。

但这种访求需要将处理链开始变式设置为：直接计划->事件后->输入事件和参数。事件用事务码SM62定义。

并且调度作业 。PDF文件下载地址：/Files/clsoho/TriggeringtheProcessChainsatParticularDateusingEvents.pdf

方法2的示例代码如下：

REPORT  ztest999 MESSAGE-ID zxxx.

DATA: eventid TYPE btceventid.
DATA: eventpara TYPE btcevtparm.
DATA: logid TYPE rspc_logid.
DATA: rs_status TYPE rspc_state.
DATA: nsec TYPE i.
DATA: lt_logs TYPE TABLE OF rspc_s_log_f4.
DATA: ls_logs LIKE LINE OF lt_logs.
DATA: rs_flag TYPE c VALUE ''.

PARAMETERS: p_chain TYPE rspc_chain OBLIGATORY.
PARAMETERS: times TYPE int1 OBLIGATORY DEFAULT 1.

INITIALIZATION.
  "INITIAL WAIT TIME
  nsec = 60.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN.

 

START-OF-SELECTION.

  "RUN PROCESS CHAINP_CHAIN TIMES 。
  eventid = 'ZPC_MONTH'.
  eventpara = 'ZPC_MONTH_PARA'.

  DO times TIMES.

    CALL METHOD cl_batch_event=>raise
      EXPORTING
        i_eventid                      = eventid
        i_eventparm                    = eventpara
      EXCEPTIONS
        excpt_raise_failed             = 1
        excpt_server_accepts_no_events = 2
        excpt_raise_forbidden          = 3
        excpt_unknown_event            = 4
        excpt_no_authority             = 5
        OTHERS                         = 6.
    IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
      MESSAGE s000 WITH 'EVENT TRIGGER SUCESSFUL !'.
      rs_flag = 'X'.
    ELSE.
      MESSAGE s000 WITH 'EVENT TRIGGER WITH WRONG!'.
      EXIT.
    ENDIF.

    "EVENT TRIGGER SUCESSFUL,READ PROCESS CHAIN STATUS

    IF rs_flag EQ 'X'. "START PROCESS CHAIN SUCESSFUL

      WAIT UP TO 30 SECONDS.

      CALL FUNCTION 'RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_RUNS'
        EXPORTING
          i_chain  = p_chain
          i_date   = sy-datum
        TABLES
          e_t_logs = lt_logs
        EXCEPTIONS
          failed   = 1
          OTHERS   = 2.
      IF sy-subrc <> 0.
        MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
                WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
      ENDIF.

      "SORT LOG TABLE
      SORT lt_logs BY datum zeit.

      " READ LOG TABLE LATEST LOGID
      READ TABLE lt_logs INDEX 1 INTO ls_logs.
      logid = ls_logs-log_id.

      "READ PROCESS CHAIN STATUS BY PROCESS CHAIN AND LOGID
      CALL FUNCTION 'RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_STATUS'
        EXPORTING
          i_chain               = p_chain
          i_logid               = logid
        IMPORTING
          e_status              = rs_status
        EXCEPTIONS
          system_failure        = 1
          communication_failure = 2.

      IF sy-subrc <> 0.
        MESSAGE e000(zcrm) WITH  'READ PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'STATUS WRONG!'.
      ENDIF.

      WHILE rs_status EQ 'A'. "PROCESS CHAIN STATUS "A"，PROCESSING

        MESSAGE s000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'IS RUNNING！'.

        WAIT UP TO nsec SECONDS.

        CALL FUNCTION 'RSPC_API_CHAIN_GET_STATUS'
          EXPORTING
            i_chain               = p_chain
            i_logid               = logid
          IMPORTING
            e_status              = rs_status
          EXCEPTIONS
            system_failure        = 1
            communication_failure = 2.

        IF sy-subrc <> 0.
          MESSAGE e000(zcrm) WITH  'READ PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'STATUS WRONG!'.
        ENDIF.

      ENDWHILE.

      "IF PROCESS CHAIN'S STATUS IS NOT "A",COMPLETE SUCESSFUL OR WITH ERROR

      CASE rs_status.
        WHEN 'G'.
          "PROCESS CHAIN COMPLETE SUCESSFULLY
          MESSAGE i000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'SUCESSFULLY COMPLETE-' sy-index.
        WHEN 'R'.
          "PROCESS CHAIN INCLUDE ERRORS
          MESSAGE e000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'COMPLETE WITH ERRORS！'.
          EXIT.
        WHEN 'X'.
          "PROCESS CHAIN INTERUPT
          MESSAGE e000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'INTERUPT'.
          EXIT.
        WHEN OTHERS.
          "OTHER ERRORS
          MESSAGE e000 WITH 'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'UNKONW ERROR！'.
          EXIT.
      ENDCASE.
    ELSE.
      "PROCESS CHAIN STARTED WRONG
      MESSAGE e000 WITH  'PROCESS CHAIN' p_chain 'START UNSUCESSFUL-' sy-index.

      "ADD 1 TO TIMES
      times = times + 1.
    ENDIF.

  ENDDO.

这两种方法的区别在于一个是直接通过API函数去触发处理链的，需要将处理链开始变式设置为使用元链或API。但是第二种方法是通过

事件触发处理链的，所以需要将开始变式设置为直接计划，事件后输入事件和事件参数。并且需要调度处理链后，执行程序才能触发。

当然，代码不是很完善，有可能会产生死循环等问题。可以根据需要自行修改。BW处理链完全可能进行集成，以减少IT人员的维护压力。

以后我会持续关注这些问题。