一、安装
1、安装openssl(http://www.openssl.org)
./configure
make
su
make install
2、安装mod_ssl
apache2内置mod_ssl,所以只需要编译时加参:
--enable-ssl=static --with-ssl=/usr/local/ssl
解释:
将mod_ssl静态的编译进去才可以正常使用,否则apache在启动的时候会提示错误的。
默认的安装是将openssl全部安装在 /usr/local/ssl 目录下面,所以编译apache的时候,需要指定ssl的目录:--with-ssl=/usr/local/ssl ,因为它在编译的时候要用到openssl提供的头文件和库。
二、配置
$ make certificate
可以用来生成ssl所用到的证书。
现在没有这个工具了,只能自己动手生成了,对证书不熟悉的人,有一个工具可以使用:http://www.openssl.org/contrib/ssl.ca-0.1.tar.gz
# cd /usr/local/apache2/conf
# tar zxvf ssl.ca-0.1.tar.gz
# cd ssl.ca-0.1
# ./new-root-ca.sh (生成根证书)
No Root CA key round. Generating one
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
...........................++++++
....++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase for ca.key: (输入一个密码)
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for ca.key: (再输入一次密码)
......
Self-sign the root CA... (签署根证书)
Enter pass phrase for ca.key: (输入刚刚设置的密码)
........
........ (下面开始签署)
Country Name (2 letter code) [MY]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Perak]:JiangSu
Locality Name (eg, city) [Sitiawan]:NanJing
Organization Name (eg, company) [My Directory Sdn Bhd]:Wiscom System Co.,Ltd
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [Certification Services Division]:ACSTAR
Common Name (eg, MD Root CA) []:WISCOM CA
Email Address []:acmail@wiscom.com.cn
这样就生成了ca.key和ca.crt两个文件,下面还要为我们的服务器生成一个证书:
# ./new-server-cert.sh server (这个证书的名字是server)
......
......
Country Name (2 letter code) [MY]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Perak]:JiangSu
Locality Name (eg, city) [Sitiawan]:NanJing
Organization Name (eg, company) [My Directory Sdn Bhd]:Wiscom System Co.,Ltd
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [Secure Web Server]:ACSTAR
Common Name (eg, www.domain.com) []:acmail.wiscom.com.cn
Email Address []:acmail@wiscom.com.cn
这样就生成了server.csr和server.key这两个文件。
还需要签署一下才能使用的:
# ./sign-server-cert.sh server
CA signing: server.csr -> server.crt:
Using configuration from ca.config
Enter pass phrase for ./ca.key: (输入上面设置的根证书密码)
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows
countryName :PRINTABLE:'CN'
stateOrProvinceName :PRINTABLE:'JiangSu'
localityName :PRINTABLE:'NanJing'
organizationName :PRINTABLE:'Wiscom System Co.,Ltd'
organizationalUnitName:PRINTABLE:'ACSTAR'
commonName :PRINTABLE:'acmail.wiscom.com.cn'
emailAddress :IA5STRING:'acmail@wiscom.com.cn'
Certificate is to be certified until Jul 16 12:55:34 2005 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
CA verifying: server.crt <-> CA cert
server.crt: OK
(如果这里出现错误,最好重新来过,删除ssl.ca-0.1这个目录,从解压缩处重新开始。)
下面要按照ssl.conf里面的设置,将证书放在适当的位置。
# chmod 400 server.key
# cd ..
# mkdir ssl.key
# mv ssl.ca-0.1/server.key ssl.key
# mkdir ssl.crt
# mv ssl.ca-0.1/server.crt ssl.crt
然后就可以启动啦!
# cd /usr/local/apache2
# ./bin/apachectl startssl
对于这个提示:
httpd: Could not determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
只需要编辑httpd.conf,找到ServerName xxxx这一行,去掉前面的注释即可。
<VirtualHost 172.18.116.42:443>
DocumentRoot /etc/httpd/htdocs
ServerName secure.somewhere.com
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/ssl/crt/your_domain_com.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/ssl/private/private.key
SSLCACertificateFile /usr/local/ssl/crt/GeoTrust_CA_Bundle.crt
</VirtualHost>
三、参考文章:
http://www.geocerts.com/install/apache_2
http://www.digicert.com/ssl-certificate-installation-apache.htm
http://man.ddvip.com/linux/debian/apache2/debian-apache2-7.html
http://www.nurdletech.com/https.html
四、参考配置:
NameVirtualHost *:80
NameVirtualHost *:443
Listen 443
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@mydomain.com
DocumentRoot /srv/www/htdocs/mydomain
ServerName www.mydomain.com
ServerAlias mydomain.com
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerAdmin webmaster@mydomain.com
DocumentRoot /srv/www/htdocs/mydomain-secure
ServerName mail.mydomain.com
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/mydomain.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl.key/mydomain.key
</VirtualHost>
<Directory /srv/www/htdocs/mydomain-secure>
SSLRequireSSL
</Directory>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@mydomain.com
DocumentRoot /srv/www/htdocs/mydomain
ServerName mail.mydomain.com
RedirectMatch permanent (/.*) https://mail.mydomain.com$1
</VirtualHost>