如何使Shell脚本只有一个实例在运行

LOCKFILE=/tmp/lock.txt
if [ -e ${LOCKFILE} ] && kill -0 `cat ${LOCKFILE}`; then
    echo "already running"
    exit
fi

# make sure the lockfile is removed when we exit and then claim it
trap "rm -f ${LOCKFILE}; exit" INT TERM EXIT
echo $$ > ${LOCKFILE}

#################
# your stuff here
#################

rm -f ${LOCKFILE}

说明:

1. kill -0不会产生任何信号, 而会检查给定的pid的进程是不是存在

   The trick here is the kill -0 which doesn’t deliver any signal but just checks if a process with the given PID exists

2. trap命令用于指定在接收到信号后将要采取的动作，常见的用途是在脚本程序被中断时完成清理工作。
   trap "rm -f ${LOCKFILE}; exit" INT TERM EXIT就是说当收到INT TERM EXIT, 这几个信号之一时,
   执行动作rm -f ${LOCKFILE}.

3. $$表示当前脚本的进程id

---

参考:

• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/185451/quick-and-dirty-way-to-ensure-only-one-instance-of-a-shell-script-is-running-at
• http://man.linuxde.net/trap