java闭锁

有个例子,比如赛车游戏,有8台车在线外等待,倒计时5秒后才能操作行驶.

这种场景在面试也会有问到,一般问你怎么设计,如果你只懂得线程池,那还不够,如果你说出闭锁的概念;

那恭喜你,你答对了

上个例子

package com.cdg.threads;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * 闭锁的例子
 * 比如有三个团,每个团必须等待所有团(3个团)到达后才能去下一个点.
 * 地点:先到深圳,再到广州,再到重庆.
 * @author Cookie.Joo
 *
 */
public class CyclicBarrierDemo {
	//徒步旅行(耗时),到深圳5个小时,到广州8个小时,到深圳10个小时
	private static int[] timeForWalk = { 5, 8, 10 };
	//自驾游
	private static int[] timeForSelf = { 1, 3, 4 };
	//乘坐大巴
	private static int[] timeForBus = { 2,4,6 };
	//经过地点
	private static String[] address = { "深圳","广州","重庆"};

	static String nowTime() {
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
		return sdf.format(new Date())+ ": ";
	}

	static class Tour implements Runnable {

		private int[] timeForUse;
		private CyclicBarrier barrier;
		private String tourName;

		public Tour(int[] timeForUse, CyclicBarrier barrier, String tourName) {
			this.timeForUse = timeForUse;
			this.barrier = barrier;
			this.tourName = tourName;
		}

		@Override
		public void run() {
			try {
				for(int i = 0;i< address.length;i++){
					TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeForUse[i] * 1);
					System.out.println(nowTime() + tourName + "\t到达:" + address[i] + "\t耗时:" + timeForUse[i]);
					barrier.await();
				}
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("各路人马准备出发!");
		//三个旅行团都到齐后执行该方法
		Runnable run = new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.out.println("我们在这里!");
			}
		};
		CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(3, run);
		ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
		exec.submit(new Tour(timeForWalk, barrier, "步行"));
		exec.submit(new Tour(timeForSelf, barrier, "自驾游"));
		exec.submit(new Tour(timeForBus, barrier, "坐大巴"));
		exec.shutdown();
	}

}

运行结果:

各路人马准备出发!
2014-07-07 14:22:32: 自驾游 到达:深圳耗时:1
2014-07-07 14:22:32: 坐大巴 到达:深圳耗时:2
2014-07-07 14:22:35: 步行 到达:深圳耗时:5
我们在这里!
2014-07-07 14:22:38: 自驾游 到达:广州耗时:3
2014-07-07 14:22:39: 坐大巴 到达:广州耗时:4
2014-07-07 14:22:43: 步行 到达:广州耗时:8
我们在这里!
2014-07-07 14:22:47: 自驾游 到达:重庆耗时:4
2014-07-07 14:22:49: 坐大巴 到达:重庆耗时:6
2014-07-07 14:22:53: 步行 到达:重庆耗时:10
我们在这里!

package com.cdg.concurrent;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class CountDownLatchTest {

	private static final int N = 5;

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		CountDownLatch startLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
		CountDownLatch endLatch = new CountDownLatch(N);
		for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
			// 创建启动线程
			new Thread(new LatchWorker(startLatch, endLatch), "T" + i).start();
		}
		// 得到线程开始工作的时间
		long start = System.nanoTime();
		System.out.println("线程开始执行!");
		// 主线程。递减开始计数器。让所有线程开始工作
		startLatch.countDown();
		// 主线程阻塞，等待所有线程完成
		endLatch.await();
		long end = System.nanoTime();
		System.out.println("最后执行时间(MS)：" + (end - start) / 1000000);

	}
}

class LatchWorker implements Runnable {
	// 等待启动信号
	private CountDownLatch startLatch;
	// 发送结束信号
	private CountDownLatch endLatch;

	public LatchWorker(CountDownLatch startLatch, CountDownLatch endLatch) {
		this.startLatch = startLatch;
		this.endLatch = endLatch;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			startLatch.await();
			doWork();
			endLatch.countDown();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	private void doWork() {
		try {
			int i = new java.util.Random().nextInt(5);
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 需要" + i
					+ "秒...");
			TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(i);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

线程开始执行!
T4 需要2秒...
T0 需要2秒...
T3 需要1秒...
T1 需要3秒...
T2 需要2秒...
最后执行时间(MS)：3000