前言:今天在学习oracle索引,看到创建“反向索引”就在想那如何在主键上创建反向索引嘞?
思路:1、是不是在添加主键时使用reverse关键字:
SQL> alter table emp2 add constraint pk_emp2 primary key (empno) reverse;
alter table emp2 add constraint pk_emp2 primary key (empno) reverse
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-14125: REVERSE/NOREVERSE may not be specified in this context
从上面看出明显不是这样创建的。
2、看了看文档也没有这样用的方法,但是直接使用lter table emp2 add constraint pk_emp2 primary key (empno)肯定是不对的。
3、好像在创建主键时可以指定一个索引。是不是可以先创建反向索引,然后在创建主键是指定索引呢?那就试一试呗:
SQL> create unique index re_emp2no_idx on emp2(empno) reverse;
Index created.
SQL> alter table emp2 add constraint pk_emp2 primary key (empno) USING INDEX re_emp2no_idx;
Table altered.
SQL>
SQL> select * from emp2 where empno = 7369;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 1000 20
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 478151573
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 87 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| EMP2 | 1 | 87 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 2 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | RE_EMP2NO_IDX | 1 | | 0 (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("EMPNO"=7369)
SQL> select INDEX_NAME, INDEX_TYPE, TABLE_NAME from user_indexes;
INDEX_NAME INDEX_TYPE TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ --------------------------- ------------------------------
RE_EMP2NO_IDX NORMAL/REV EMP2
USER_INDEX_TBS FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL EMP
PK_EMP NORMAL EMP
PK_DEPT NORMAL DEPT
SQL> SELECT TABLE_NAME, CONSTRAINT_NAME, CONSTRAINT_TYPE
FROM all_constraints WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'EMP2';
TABLE_NAME CONSTRAINT_NAME C
------------------------------ ------------------------------ -
EMP2 PK_EMP2 P
从上面看出思路对了,也成功创建主键反向索引。
注意:在创建索引的时候一定要创建唯一索引(unique index),否则在使用索引查询时用的是 index range scan