在ABAP中用事务更新数据

在ABAP的开发中，根据业务的需要，有时可能要对后台多个数据表进行更新，为了保证数据的完整性、一致性，需要把这些操作写在同一个事务中。对数据的操作，要么全部成功，要么全部失败回滚。结合在项目中的应用，下面阐述一下实现方法。

本例是在用BAPI创建物料凭证的同时，要更新自定义状态表，实现物料凭证的创建和更新自定义状态表在同一事务中。 

一、首先用SE37创建一个Update Module 类型的函数：

函数里面的代码如下：

FUNCTION ZMM_PULL_LIST_POST_AUFNR.

*"----------------------------------------------------------------------

*"*"Update function module:

*"

*"*"Local interface:

*"  IMPORTING

*"     VALUE(PLANT) TYPE  BAPI2017_GM_ITEM_CREATE-PLANT OPTIONAL

*"     VALUE(STGE_LOC) TYPE  BAPI2017_GM_ITEM_CREATE-STGE_LOC OPTIONAL

*"     VALUE(MOVE_TYPE) TYPE  BAPI2017_GM_ITEM_CREATE-MOVE_TYPE

*"       OPTIONAL

*"     VALUE(MOVE_PLANT) TYPE  BAPI2017_GM_ITEM_CREATE-MOVE_PLANT

*"       OPTIONAL

*"     VALUE(MOVE_STLOC) TYPE  BAPI2017_GM_ITEM_CREATE-MOVE_STLOC

*"       OPTIONAL

*"     VALUE(ENTRY_QNT) TYPE  BAPI2017_GM_ITEM_CREATE-ENTRY_QNT

*"       OPTIONAL

*"     VALUE(ISWBS) TYPE  CHAR1 OPTIONAL

*"  TABLES

*"      INPUT STRUCTURE  ZMM_PD_PULL_LIST OPTIONAL

*"----------------------------------------------------------------------

data:goodsmvt_header type bapi2017_gm_head_01.

data:goodsmvt_code type bapi2017_gm_code.

data:materialdocument type bapi2017_gm_head_ret-mat_doc.

data:matdocumentyear type bapi2017_gm_head_ret-doc_year.

data:goodsmvt_item type table of bapi2017_gm_item_create with header line.

data:return type table of bapiret2 WITH HEADER LINE.

DATA:ITRESULT TYPE TABLE OF zmm_311PD_result WITH HEADER LINE.

DATA:ITRESULTLOG TYPE TABLE OF ZMM03_PD_LOG WITH HEADER LINE.

DATA:IT_ERROR TYPE TABLE OF ZMM03_ERROR WITH HEADER LINE.

DATA:m_POSTMSG(200).

DATA:G_WBS_ELEM TYPE PRPS-POSKI,

     G_PSPNR TYPE PRPS-PSPNR.

 

*使用之前先清空

REFRESH IT_ERROR.

CLEAR IT_ERROR.

LOOP AT INPUT.

       CLEAR G_PSPNR.

       CLEAR G_WBS_ELEM.

 

       CLEAR GOODSMVT_HEADER.

       CLEAR GOODSMVT_CODE.

       CLEAR MATERIALDOCUMENT.

       CLEAR MATDOCUMENTYEAR.

       REFRESH GOODSMVT_ITEM.

       CLEAR GOODSMVT_ITEM.

 

       SELECT SINGLE

               GRPNR

               FROM GRPGA

               INTO G_PSPNR

               WHERE PSPNR = INPUT-PSPEL.

 

       IF G_PSPNR IS INITIAL.

          G_PSPNR = INPUT-PSPEL.

       ENDIF.

 

       SELECT SINGLE

              POSKI

              FROM PRPS

              INTO G_WBS_ELEM

              WHERE PSPNR = G_PSPNR.

 

       goodsmvt_header-pstng_date = sy-datum.

       goodsmvt_header-doc_date = sy-datum.

       goodsmvt_code-gm_code = '04'.

 

*     抬头文本填批次/WBS号,物料单填网络号

       concatenate INPUT-PICI '/' g_wbs_elem into goodsmvt_header-header_txt.

       condense goodsmvt_header-header_txt.

       goodsmvt_header-REF_DOC_NO_LONG = INPUT-aufnr.

 

       goodsmvt_item-material = INPUT-matnr.

       goodsmvt_item-plant = PLANT.

       goodsmvt_item-stge_loc = STGE_LOC.

       goodsmvt_item-move_type = MOVE_TYPE.

 

       IF ISWBS = '1'.

          goodsmvt_item-spec_stock = INPUT-SOBKZ.

       ENDIF.

       goodsmvt_item-entry_qnt = ENTRY_QNT.

       goodsmvt_item-entry_uom = INPUT-meins.

       goodsmvt_item-move_plant = MOVE_PLANT.

       goodsmvt_item-move_stloc = MOVE_STLOC.

 

       IF ISWBS = '1'.

           goodsmvt_item-wbs_elem = g_wbs_elem.

           goodsmvt_item-VAL_WBS_ELEM = G_WBS_ELEM.

       ENDIF.

 

       append goodsmvt_item.

       clear goodsmvt_item.

 

       call function 'BAPI_GOODSMVT_CREATE'

         exporting

            goodsmvt_header               = goodsmvt_header

            goodsmvt_code                 = goodsmvt_code

         importing

            materialdocument              = materialdocument

            matdocumentyear               = matdocumentyear

         tables

            goodsmvt_item                 = goodsmvt_item

            return                        = return.

 

       IF MATERIALDOCUMENT NE ''.

*           从数据库中获取当前的出库数量

            SELECT SINGLE

                   MENGE_CK

                   INTO INPUT-MENGE_CK

                   FROM ZMM_PD_PULL_LIST

                   WHERE AUFNR = INPUT-AUFNR AND RSPOS = INPUT-RSPOS AND PICI = INPUT-PICI AND MATNR = INPUT-MATNR.

 

            INPUT-MENGE_CK = INPUT-MENGE_CK + ENTRY_QNT.

            INPUT-MENGE_QF = INPUT-MENGE_LL - INPUT-MENGE_CK.

            IF INPUT-MENGE_QF <= 0.

               INPUT-FLAG = 'X'.

            ENDIF.

 

            ITRESULT-MBLNR = MATERIALDOCUMENT.

            ITRESULT-MJAHR = matdocumentyear.

            ITRESULT-WERKS = INPUT-WERKS.

            ITRESULT-MATNR = INPUT-MATNR.

            ITRESULT-AUFNR = INPUT-AUFNR.

            ITRESULT-RSPOS = INPUT-RSPOS.

            ITRESULT-MENGE = ENTRY_QNT.

            ITRESULT-MEINS = INPUT-MEINS.

            APPEND ITRESULT.

            CLEAR ITRESULT.

 

            ITRESULTLOG-MBLNR = MATERIALDOCUMENT.

            ITRESULTLOG-MJAHR = matdocumentyear.

            ITRESULTLOG-UNAME = SY-UNAME.

            ITRESULTLOG-WERKS = INPUT-WERKS.

            ITRESULTLOG-MATNR = INPUT-MATNR.

            ITRESULTLOG-AUFNR = INPUT-AUFNR.

            ITRESULTLOG-RSPOS = INPUT-RSPOS.

            ITRESULTLOG-MENGE = ENTRY_QNT.

            ITRESULTLOG-MEINS = INPUT-MEINS.

            APPEND ITRESULTLOG.

            CLEAR ITRESULTLOG.

       ELSE.

            CLEAR m_POSTMSG.

            m_POSTMSG = '创建凭证失败:'.

            LOOP AT RETURN WHERE TYPE = 'E'.

                 CONCATENATE m_POSTMSG '/' RETURN-MESSAGE INTO m_POSTMSG.

            ENDLOOP.

 

            MOVE-CORRESPONDING INPUT TO IT_ERROR.

            IT_ERROR-MESSAGE = m_POSTMSG.

            IT_ERROR-UNAME = SY-UNAME.

            APPEND IT_ERROR.

            CLEAR IT_ERROR.

       ENDIF.

       MODIFY INPUT.

       CLEAR INPUT.

ENDLOOP.

*以上代码过帐

 

IF MATERIALDOCUMENT NE ''.

    MODIFY ZMM_PD_PULL_LIST FROM TABLE INPUT.

    MODIFY zmm_311PD_result FROM TABLE ITRESULT.

    MODIFY ZMM03_PD_LOG FROM TABLE ITRESULTLOG.

ELSE.

    IF IT_ERROR[] IS NOT INITIAL.

        MODIFY ZMM03_ERROR FROM TABLE IT_ERROR.

    ENDIF.

ENDIF.

ENDFUNCTION.

 

二、外部调用：

SET UPDATE TASK LOCAL.

CALL FUNCTION 'ZMM_PULL_LIST_POST_AUFNR' IN UPDATE TASK

       EXPORTING

          PLANT = IT-WERKS

          STGE_LOC = it_temp-lgort

          MOVE_TYPE = '311'

          MOVE_PLANT = IT-WERKS

          MOVE_STLOC = IT-lgort

          ENTRY_QNT = g_prlab

          ISWBS = ''

       TABLES

          INPUT = it_li.

COMMIT WORK AND WAIT.