Linux平台用C++封装线程读写锁

    在Linux平台上已经有现成的线程读写锁pthread_rwlock_t以及相关API，现将这些API封装成与Win32平台上相同的接口，以便于编写跨平台程序。这些API包括pthread_rwlock_init，pthread_rwlock_rdlock，pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock，pthread_rwlock_wrlock，pthread_rwlock_trywrlock，pthread_rwlock_unlock，pthread_rwlock_destroy，可在Linux在线手册上查阅它们的说明。下边的代码在VS2005中编辑，在Fedora 13虚拟机中编译，测试通过。

RWLockImpl.h

#ifndef _RWLockImpl_Header
#define _RWLockImpl_Header

#include <iostream>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>

using namespace std;

/*
 读写锁允许当前的多个读用户访问保护资源，但只允许一个写读者访问保护资源
*/

//-----------------------------------------------------------------
class CRWLockImpl
{
protected:
	CRWLockImpl();
	~CRWLockImpl();
	void ReadLockImpl();
	bool TryReadLockImpl();
	void WriteLockImpl();
	bool TryWriteLockImpl();
	void UnlockImpl();

private:
	pthread_rwlock_t m_rwl;
};

//-----------------------------------------------------------------

class CMyRWLock: private CRWLockImpl
{
public:

	//创建读/写锁
	CMyRWLock(){};

	//销毁读/写锁
	~CMyRWLock(){};

	//获取读锁
	//如果其它一个线程占有写锁，则当前线程必须等待写锁被释放，才能对保护资源进行访问
	void ReadLock();

	//尝试获取一个读锁
	//如果获取成功，则立即返回true，否则当另一个线程占有写锁，则返回false
	bool TryReadLock();

	//获取写锁
	//如果一个或更多线程占有读锁，则必须等待所有锁被释放
	//如果相同的一个线程已经占有一个读锁或写锁，则返回结果不确定
	void WriteLock();

	//尝试获取一个写锁
	//如果获取成功，则立即返回true，否则当一个或更多其它线程占有读锁，返回false
	//如果相同的一个线程已经占有一个读锁或写锁，则返回结果不确定
	bool TryWriteLock();

	//释放一个读锁或写锁
	void Unlock();

private:
	CMyRWLock(const CMyRWLock&);
	CMyRWLock& operator = (const CMyRWLock&);
};

inline void CMyRWLock::ReadLock()
{
	ReadLockImpl();
}

inline bool CMyRWLock::TryReadLock()
{
	return TryReadLockImpl();
}

inline void CMyRWLock::WriteLock()
{
	WriteLockImpl();
}

inline bool CMyRWLock::TryWriteLock()
{
	return TryWriteLockImpl();
}

inline void CMyRWLock::Unlock()
{
	UnlockImpl();
}

#endif

RWLockImpl.cpp

#include "RWLockImpl.h"

CRWLockImpl::CRWLockImpl()
{
	if (pthread_rwlock_init(&m_rwl, NULL))
		cout<<"cannot create reader/writer lock"<<endl;
}

CRWLockImpl::~CRWLockImpl()
{
	pthread_rwlock_destroy(&m_rwl);
}

void CRWLockImpl::ReadLockImpl()
{
	if (pthread_rwlock_rdlock(&m_rwl)) 
		cout<<"cannot lock reader/writer lock"<<endl;
}

bool CRWLockImpl::TryReadLockImpl()
{
	int rc = pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(&m_rwl);
	if (rc == 0)
		return true;
	else if (rc == EBUSY)
		return false;
	else
		cout<<"cannot lock reader/writer lock"<<endl;

	return false;
}

void CRWLockImpl::WriteLockImpl()
{
	if (pthread_rwlock_wrlock(&m_rwl)) 
		cout<<"cannot lock reader/writer lock"<<endl;
}

bool CRWLockImpl::TryWriteLockImpl()
{
	int rc = pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(&m_rwl);
	if (rc == 0)
		return true;
	else if (rc == EBUSY)
		return false;
	else
		cout<<"cannot lock reader/writer lock"<<endl;
	return false;
}

void CRWLockImpl::UnlockImpl()
{
	if (pthread_rwlock_unlock(&m_rwl))
		cout<<"cannot unlock reader/writer lock"<<endl;
}

    下边是测试代码

// pthread_rwlock.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "RWLockImpl.h"

//创建一个读写锁对象
CMyRWLock g_myRWLock;
volatile int g_counter = 0;

//线程函数
void * StartThread(void *pParam)
{
	int lastCount = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10000; ++i)
	{
		g_myRWLock.ReadLock();
		lastCount = g_counter;
		//在读锁域，两个线程不断循环交替访问全局变量g_counter
		for (int k = 0; k < 100; ++k)
		{
			if (g_counter != lastCount) 
				cout<<"the value of g_counter has been updated."<<endl;
			sleep(0);
		}
		g_myRWLock.Unlock();


		g_myRWLock.WriteLock();
		//在写锁域，只有一个线程可以修改全局变量g_counter的值
		for (int k = 0; k < 100; ++k)
		{
			--g_counter;
			sleep(0);
		}
		for (int k = 0; k < 100; ++k)
		{
			++g_counter;
			sleep(0);
		}
		++g_counter;
		if (g_counter <= lastCount) 
			cout<<"the value of g_counter is error."<<endl;
		g_myRWLock.Unlock();
	}

	return (void *)0;
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	pthread_t thread1,thread2;
	pthread_attr_t attr1,attr2;

	//创建两个工作线程
	pthread_attr_init(&attr1);
	pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr1,PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);
	if (pthread_create(&thread1,&attr1, StartThread,0) == -1)
	{
		cout<<"Thread 1: create failed"<<endl;
	}
	pthread_attr_init(&attr2);
	pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr2,PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);
	if (pthread_create(&thread2,&attr2, StartThread,0) == -1)
	{
		cout<<"Thread 2: create failed"<<endl;
	}

	//等待线程结束
	void *result;
	pthread_join(thread1,&result);
	pthread_join(thread2,&result);

	//关闭线程，释放资源
	pthread_attr_destroy(&attr1);
	pthread_attr_destroy(&attr2);

	cout<<"the g_counter = "<<g_counter<<endl;

	int iWait;
	cin>>iWait;

	return 0;
}

    编译，运行

    运行结果与在Win32下用C++实现多线程读写锁的相同。

    欢迎转载，麻烦带上链接：http://blog.csdn.net/chexlong/article/details/7163233，谢谢合作！