Oracle SQL 内置函数大全(3)

  43.CONVERT(c,dset,sset)

将源字符串 sset从一个语言字符集转换到另一个目的dset字符集

SQL> select convert('strutz','we8hp','f7dec') "conversion" from dual;

 

conver

------

strutz

44.HEXTORAW 将一个十六进制构成的字符串转换为二进制

45.RAWTOHEXT 将一个二进制构成的字符串转换为十六进制

46.ROWIDTOCHAR 将ROWID数据类型转换为字符类型

47.TO_CHAR(date,'format')

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual;

TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YY

-------------------

2004/05/09 21:14:41

48.TO_DATE(string,'format') 将字符串转化为ORACLE中的一个日期

49.TO_MULTI_BYTE  将字符串中的单字节字符转化为多字节字符

SQL>  select to_multi_byte('高') from dual;

TO

--

高

50.TO_NUMBER

将给出的字符转换为数字

SQL> select to_number('1999') year from dual;

YEAR

---------

1999

51.BFILENAME(dir,file)指定一个外部二进制文件

SQL>insert into file_tb1 values(bfilename('lob_dir1','image1.gif'));

52.CONVERT('x','desc','source') 将x字段或变量的源source转换为desc

SQL> select sid,serial#,username,decode(command,

2  0,'none',

3  2,'insert',

4  3,

5  'select',

6  6,'update',

7  7,'delete',

8  8,'drop',

9  'other') cmd  from v$session where type!='background';

SID   SERIAL# USERNAME                       CMD

--------- --------- ------------------------------ ------

1         1                                none

2         1                                none

3         1                                none

4         1                                none

5         1                                none

6         1                                none

7      1275                                none

8      1275                                none

9        20 GAO                            select

10        40 GAO                            none

53.DUMP(s,fmt,start,length)

DUMP函数以fmt指定的内部数字格式返回一个VARCHAR2类型的值

SQL> col global_name for a30

SQL> col dump_string for a50

SQL> set lin 200

SQL> select global_name,dump(global_name,1017,8,5) dump_string from global_name;

GLOBAL_NAME                    DUMP_STRING

------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------

ORACLE.WORLD                   Typ=1 Len=12 CharacterSet=ZHS16GBK: W,O,R,L,D

54.EMPTY_BLOB()和EMPTY_CLOB()

这两个函数都是用来对大数据类型字段进行初始化操作的函数

55.GREATEST

返回一组表达式中的最大值,即比较字符的编码大小.

SQL> select greatest('AA','AB','AC') from dual;

GR

--

AC

SQL> select greatest('啊','安','天') from dual;

GR

--

天

56.LEAST

返回一组表达式中的最小值

SQL> select least('啊','安','天') from dual;

LE

--

啊

57.UID

返回标识当前用户的唯一整数

SQL> show user

USER 为"GAO"

SQL> select username,user_id from dba_users where user_id=uid;

USERNAME                         USER_ID

------------------------------ ---------

GAO                                   25

58.USER

返回当前用户的名字

SQL> select user from  dual;

USER

------------------------------

GAO

59.USEREVN

返回当前用户环境的信息,opt可以是:

ENTRYID,SESSIONID,TERMINAL,ISDBA,LABLE,LANGUAGE,CLIENT_INFO,LANG,VSIZE

ISDBA  查看当前用户是否是DBA如果是则返回true

SQL> select userenv('isdba') from dual;

USEREN

------

FALSE

SQL> select userenv('isdba') from dual;

USEREN

------

TRUE

SESSION

返回会话标志

SQL> select userenv('sessionid') from dual;

USERENV('SESSIONID')

--------------------

152

ENTRYID

返回会话人口标志

SQL> select userenv('entryid') from dual;

USERENV('ENTRYID')

------------------

0

INSTANCE

返回当前INSTANCE的标志

SQL> select userenv('instance') from dual;

USERENV('INSTANCE')

-------------------

1

LANGUAGE

返回当前环境变量

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')

----------------------------------------------------

SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK

LANG

返回当前环境的语言的缩写

SQL> select userenv('lang') from dual;

USERENV('LANG')

----------------------------------------------------

ZHS

TERMINAL

返回用户的终端或机器的标志

SQL> select userenv('terminal') from dual;

USERENV('TERMINA

----------------

GAO

VSIZE(X)

返回X的大小(字节)数

SQL> select vsize(user),user from dual;

VSIZE(USER) USER

----------- ------------------------------

6 SYSTEM