三个水桶等分水问题

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-04 21:54:21 发布
最新推荐文章于 2022-07-04 21:54:21 发布
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分类专栏： 算法 文章标签： 算法 java 三个水桶等分水问题
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问题描述：


三只水桶等分水问题

有一个容积为8升的水桶里装满了水，另外还有一个容积为3升的空桶和一个容积为5升的空桶，

如何利用这两个空桶等分8升水？

附加条件是三个水桶都没有体积刻度，也不能使用其它辅助容器。


学习王晓华老师的《算法的乐趣》一书中第五章之后，用Java重写并实现这一功能。微笑

该文章是在学习完该章之后的一个学习总结，以供自己复习使用。

由于现在刚开始学习Java，为了熟悉Java的变成规范，因此，用Java实现这一功能。


import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.ListIterator;

/**
 * 三只水桶等分水问题
 * 有一个容积为8升的水桶里装满了水，另外还有一个容积为3升的空桶和一个容积为5升的空桶，
 * 如何利用这两个空桶等分8升水？
 * 附加条件是三个水桶都没有体积刻度，也不能使用其它辅助容器。
 *
 */
public class QuestionOfDumpWaterFromBuckets {

    static int BUCKETS_COUNT = 3;        //定义水桶的个数
    static int BUCKETS_CAPACITY[] = new int[]{8, 5, 3};        //定义三个水桶所能容纳的最大的水的含量
    static int BUCKET_INIT_STATE[] = new int[]{8, 0, 0};      //定义起始时，三个水桶初始的状态
    static int BUCKET_FINAL_STATE[] = new int[]{4, 4, 0};       //定义三个水桶最终的状态

    public static class MyException extends Exception {       //自定义异常类，继承Exception类
        public MyException(String msg) {        //构造方法接收异常信息
            super(msg);                       //调用父类中的构造方法
        }
    }

    /**
     * 倒水动作的模型
     */
    public static class ActionState {
        int from;
        int to;
        int water;
    }

    /**
     * 定义该问题的状态模型，状态模型一方面要能描述各个水桶的静止状态，
     * 另一面要能描述水桶是如何从上一个状态转换到当前状态的，即倒水这一动作。
     */
    public static class BucketState {
        int bucketState[] = new int[BUCKETS_COUNT];       //用来表示当前各个桶的状态
        ActionState currentAction = new ActionState();                      //当前的倒水动作，是的各个桶的状态从上个状态达到当前的状态

        /**
         * 初始化状态模型的时候，要设置各个桶的静止状态（bucker_s[]），并且设置与这个状态相对应的倒水动作。
         * 初始时，假设这个倒水动作是从一个标号为（-1）的桶中将8升水倒入到标号为（0）的桶中。
         *
         * @param bucket_s 表示初始时各个桶的静止状态时所容纳的水
         */
        public BucketState(int bucket_s[]) {
            setBucketState(bucket_s);
            setActionState(8, -1, 0);
        }

        /**
         * 初始化状态模型的时候，要设置各个桶的静止状态为初始状态，并且设置与这个状态相对应的倒水动作。
         * 初始时，假设这个倒水动作是从一个标号为（-1）的桶中将8升水倒入到标号为（0）的桶中。
         */
        public BucketState() {
            setBucketState(BUCKET_INIT_STATE);
            setActionState(8, -1, 0);
        }

        /**
         * 初始化状态模型，将一个状态赋值给this
         * @param state
         */
        public BucketState(BucketState state) {
            setBucketState(state.bucketState);
            setActionState(state.currentAction.water, state.currentAction.from, state.currentAction.to);
        }


        /**
         * 设置各个桶的静止状态
         *
         * @param bucket_s 设置桶的静止状态时候的水的容量
         */
        public void setBucketState(int bucket_s[]) {
            for (int i = 0; i < BUCKETS_COUNT; i++) {
                this.bucketState[i] = bucket_s[i];
            }
        }

        /**
         * 设置桶达到静止状态时所对应的倒水动作
         *
         * @param water
         * @param from
         * @param to
         */
        public void setActionState(int water, int from, int to) {
            this.currentAction.water = water;
            this.currentAction.from = from;
            this.currentAction.to = to;
        }

        /**
         * 判断编号为bucketIndex的桶是不是空的，若为空返回true，否则返回false
         * @param bucketIndex
         * @return
         */
        public Boolean isBucketEmpty(int bucketIndex) {
            if (bucketIndex < 0 || bucketIndex >= BUCKETS_COUNT) {
                try {
                    throw new MyException("桶的编号是错误的！！");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    System.out.println(e);
                }

            }
            if (this.bucketState[bucketIndex] > 0) {
                return false;
            } else {
                return true;
            }
        }

        /**
         * 判断编号为bucketIndex的桶是不是满的，若为满返回true，否则返回false
         * @param bucketIndex
         * @return
         */
        public Boolean isBucketFull(int bucketIndex) {
            if (bucketIndex < 0 || bucketIndex >= BUCKETS_COUNT) {
                try {
                    throw new MyException("桶的编号是错误的！！");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    System.out.println(e);
                }

            }
            if (this.bucketState[bucketIndex] >= BUCKETS_CAPACITY[bucketIndex]) {
                return true;
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }

        /**
         * 判断state与this这两个状态模型的三个水桶的静止状态是不是一样，若一样返回true，否则返回false
         * @param state
         * @return
         */
        public Boolean isSameState(BucketState state) {
            for (int i = 0; i < BUCKETS_COUNT; ++i) {
                if (this.bucketState[i] != state.bucketState[i])
                    return false;
            }
            return true;
        }

        /**
         * 打印this状态模型的倒水动作，与三个水桶的静止状态
         */
        public void printState() {
            System.out.println("Dump " + this.currentAction.water + " water from " + (this.currentAction.from + 1) + " to " + (this.currentAction.to + 1));
            System.out.print("buckets water states is : ");
            printArry(this.bucketState);
        }

        /**
         * 判断this状态是不是最终的状态，若是则返回true，否则返回false
         * @return
         */
        public Boolean isFinalState(){
            return this.isSameState(new BucketState(BUCKET_FINAL_STATE));
        }

        /**
         * 剪枝操作，判断这个倒水动作能不能进行，from桶不能与to桶一致，from桶不为空，to桶不满，
         * 若是这样返回true，否则返回false
         * @param from
         * @param to
         * @return
         */
        public Boolean canTakeDumpActionState(int from,int to){
            if (from < 0 || from >= BUCKETS_COUNT) {
                try {
                    throw new MyException("from桶的编号是错误的！！");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    System.out.println(e);
                }
            }
            if (to < 0 || to >= BUCKETS_COUNT) {
                try {
                    throw new MyException("to桶的编号是错误的！！");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    System.out.println(e);
                }
            }

            if( (from != to) && !this.isBucketEmpty(from) && !this.isBucketFull(to) )
            {
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

        /**
         * 从from桶倒水到to桶，若是合法的倒水动作，返回true，否则返回false
         * 若倒水动作合法，则用next记录倒水之后的状态。
         * @param from
         * @param to
         * @param next
         * @return
         */
        public Boolean dumpWater(int from,int to,BucketState next){
            next.setBucketState(this.bucketState);
            int dump_water = BUCKETS_CAPACITY[to] - next.bucketState[to];  //to桶中可以容纳的水
            if(next.bucketState[from] >= dump_water)   //如果from桶中的水的容量大于等于to桶可以容纳的水，to桶加上dump_water，from桶减去dump_water
            {
                next.bucketState[to] += dump_water;
                next.bucketState[from] -= dump_water;
            }
            else  //如果from桶中的水的容量小于to桶可以容纳的水，to桶加上from桶中的水的容量，dump_water等于from桶中的水，from桶中的水置零。
            {
                next.bucketState[to] += next.bucketState[from];
                dump_water = next.bucketState[from];
                next.bucketState[from] = 0;
            }

            if(dump_water > 0) /*是一个有效的倒水动作?*/
            {
                next.setActionState(dump_water, from, to);
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    }


    /**
     * 避免循环的出现，判断状态state是否已经出现并记录在了states中。若state存在于states中，返回true，否则返回false
     * @param states
     * @param state
     * @return
     */
    public static Boolean isProcessedState(LinkedList<BucketState> states,BucketState state){
        ListIterator<BucketState> itr= states.listIterator();
        while (itr.hasNext()){
            if(itr.next().isSameState(state)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    static int count=0; //用来记录以供有多少种方法

    /**
     * 当最终状态出现之后，将states打印出来
     * @param states
     */
    public static void printResult(LinkedList<BucketState> states){
        System.out.println("---------find result "+(++count)+"------------");

        ListIterator<BucketState> itr= states.listIterator();
        while (itr.hasNext()){
            itr.next().printState();
        }
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param states
     * @param current
     * @param from
     * @param to
     */
    public static void searchStateOnAction(LinkedList<BucketState> states,BucketState current,int from,int to){
        if(current.canTakeDumpActionState(from, to))
        {
            BucketState next=new BucketState();
            /*从from到to倒水，如果成功，返回倒水后的状态*/
            Boolean bDump = current.dumpWater(from, to, next);
            if(bDump && !isProcessedState(states, next))
            {
                states.addLast(next);
                searchState(states);
                states.removeLast();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param states
     */
    public static void searchState(LinkedList<BucketState> states){
        BucketState current = states.getLast(); /*每次都从当前状态开始*/
        if(current.isFinalState())        //判断当前状态是不是最终状态，是的话，打印整个states
        {
            printResult(states);
            return;
        }

        /*使用两重循环排列组合6种倒水状态*/
        for(int j = 0; j < BUCKETS_COUNT; ++j)
        {
            for(int i = 0; i < BUCKETS_COUNT; ++i)
            {
                searchStateOnAction(states, current, i, j);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 打印int a[]的类型的数组
     * @param a
     */
    public static void printArry(int a[]) {
        for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
            System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        LinkedList<BucketState> states = new LinkedList<>();
        BucketState init=new BucketState();    

        states.addLast(init);     //将初始的状态插入到LinkedList states的最后端
        searchState(states);        //调用状态树搜索算法

        System.out.println("---------------after--------------");  
        //在穷举完状态树之后，状态树的大小应该为1，并且为初始时的状态。
        System.out.println(states.size());
        printArry(states.getLast().bucketState);
        
    }
}



输出结果为：
---------find result 1------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 0 5 3 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 2------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 3------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 0 5 3 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 4------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 4 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 5------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 6------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 1 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 0 5 3 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 7------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 1 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 8------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 0 5 3 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 9------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 0 5 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 10------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 2 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 11------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 0 5 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 12------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 4 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 13------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 4 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 0 5 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 14------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 5 water from 2 to 1
buckets water states is : 7 0 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 7 1 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 4 1 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 15------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 1 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------find result 16------------
Dump 8 water from 0 to 1
buckets water states is : 8 0 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 5 0 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 5 3 0 
Dump 3 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 2 3 3 
Dump 2 water from 3 to 2
buckets water states is : 2 5 1 
Dump 2 water from 1 to 3
buckets water states is : 0 5 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 3 5 0 
Dump 3 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 3 2 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 6 2 0 
Dump 2 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 6 0 2 
Dump 5 water from 1 to 2
buckets water states is : 1 5 2 
Dump 1 water from 2 to 3
buckets water states is : 1 4 3 
Dump 3 water from 3 to 1
buckets water states is : 4 4 0 
---------------after--------------
1
8 0 0 
Process finished with exit code 0



一共有16种结果，可以解决三个水桶等分水问题
cht_JAVA
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