centos5.9 添加第三方源

CentOS是RHEL编译过来的，去掉了所有关于版权问题的东西。因此，在没有使用第三方软件库的情况下，很多软件无法用yum install来直接安装。EPEL(ExtraPackages for EnterpriseLinux)软件库提供为 EL4 及 EL5 重新编译的 Fedora 组件。这个软件库在不替换系统组件方面下了功夫。RPMForge库现在已经拥有超过10000种的CentOS的软件包，被CentOS社区认为是最安全也是最稳定的一个第三方软件库。

下面就是如何安装配置EPEL与RPMForge、RPMFusion软件库：

Ø 安装yum-priorities插件。

这个插件是用来设置yum在调用软件源时的顺序的。因为官方提供的软件源，都是比较稳定和被推荐使用的。因此，官方源的顺序要高于第三方源的顺序。如何保证这个顺序，就需要安装yum-priorities这插件了。

yum install yum-priorities

安装完后需要设置/etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录下的.repo相关文件（如CentOS-Base.repo），在这些文件中插入顺序指令：priority=N （N为1到99的正整数，数值越小越优先）

一般的配置是这样的：

[base], [addons], [updates], [extras] … priority=1

[CentOSplus],[contrib] … priority=2

其他第三的软件源为：priority=N （推荐N>10）

如CentOS-Base.repo配置为：

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pickmirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever – Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
priority=1

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever – Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
priority=1

#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever – Addons
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
priority=1

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever – Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
priority=1

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[CentOSplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever – Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=CentOSplus
#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/CentOSplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
priority=2

#contrib – packages by CentOS Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever – Contrib
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.CentOS.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
#baseurl=http://mirror.CentOS.org/CentOS/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
priority=2

Ø 下载与安装相应EPEL的rpm文件包

1．下载与安装EPEL的rpm文件包

 [root@CentOS ~]# rpm -ivhhttp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

如果您不清楚您的系统内核，请使用 uname -a 命令来查看您的内核信息。

2．导入DAG的PGP Key

[root@CentOS ~]# rpm –import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL

3．设置/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo文件中源的级别，就是添加priority=11这句。

epel.repo文件内容：

[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 – $basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/$basearch
mirrorlist=http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-5&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL
priority=11

[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 – $basearch – Debug
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/$basearch/debug
mirrorlist=http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-debug-5&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL
gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 – $basearch – Source
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/SRPMS
mirrorlist=http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-source-5&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL
gpgcheck=1

Ø  下载与安装相应rpmforge的rpm文件包

1．下载rpmforge的rpm文件包

 [root@CentOS ~]# wgethttp://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm

2．安装DAG的PGPKey

[root@CentOS ~]#rpm –import http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt

3．验证rpmforge的rpm文件包

[root@CentOS ~]#rpm -K rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf. x86_64.rpm

4．安装rpmforge的rpm文件包

[root@CentOS ~]#rpm -i rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf. x86_64.rpm

5．设置/etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo文件中源的级别，就是添加priority=12这句。

rpmforge.repo文件内容：

### Name: RPMforgeRPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise 5 – dag
### URL: http://rpmforge.net/
[rpmforge]
name = Red Hat Enterprise $releasever – RPMforge.net – dag
baseurl = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/rpmforge
mirrorlist = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/mirrors-rpmforge
#mirrorlist = file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag
gpgcheck = 1
priority=12

最后，升级yum，输入以下命令：yumcheck_update