Java编程：Java的反射机制中的 getComponentType() 方法

Java 中所有的类都继承自 Object，数组本身也是一个 Class，如果我们能够得到数据的 Class 对象，那么我们可以通过反射生成数组对象。

在Java的反射机制中，通过 数组的 class 对象的getComponentType()方法可以取得一个数组的Class对象， 通过Array.newInstance()可以反射生成数组对象，看示例代码：

package com.ips.reflect;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;

public class GetComponentType {
    public static void main(String [] args){
        Class<char[]>  aa = (Class<char[]>) char.class.getComponentType();
        System.out.println("the componentType of the char is :" + char.class.getComponentType());
        System.out.println("the componentType of the char[] is :" + char[].class.getComponentType());
        System.out.println("the componentType of the String is :" + String.class.getComponentType());
        System.out.println("the componentType of the String[] is :" + String[].class.getComponentType());
        System.out.println("the componentType of the int is :" + int.class.getComponentType());
        System.out.println("the componentType of the int[] is :" + int[].class.getComponentType());
        System.out.println("the componentType of the Integer is :" + Integer.class.getComponentType());
        System.out.println("the componentType of the Integer[] is :" + Integer[].class.getComponentType());

        try {
            char c = (char)Array.newInstance(char.class.getComponentType(), 10);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        char[] charArray = (char [])Array.newInstance(char[].class.getComponentType(), 100);
        System.out.println("the length of the charArray is :" + charArray.length);

        try {
            String c = (String)Array.newInstance(String.class.getComponentType(), 10);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        String[] strArray = (String [])Array.newInstance(String[].class.getComponentType(), 10);
        System.out.println("the length of the strArray is :" + strArray.length);

    }
}

执行结果：

the componentType of the char is :null
the componentType of the char[] is :char
the componentType of the String is :null
the componentType of the String[] is :class java.lang.String
the componentType of the int is :null
the componentType of the int[] is :int
the componentType of the Integer is :null
the componentType of the Integer[] is :class java.lang.Integer
java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.lang.reflect.Array.newArray(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(Array.java:70)
at com.ips.reflect.GetComponentType.main(GetComponentType.java:23)
the length of the charArray is :100
java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.lang.reflect.Array.newArray(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(Array.java:70)
at com.ips.reflect.GetComponentType.main(GetComponentType.java:31)
the length of the strArray is :10

通过以上代码我们可以发现：

1. 非数组类型无法通过getComponentType()获取到相应的 Class 对象；
2. 非数组类型无法通过(String [])Array.newInstance(String[].class.getComponentType(), 10)方法反射生成数组对象，因为获取不到 Class 对象；
3. 无论基本数据类型（byte short int long float double char boolean）的数组还是引用数据类型（Integer String 等）的数组，都可以通过getComponentType()获取到相应的 Class 对象，都可以通过(String [])Array.newInstance(String[].class.getComponentType(), 10)方法反射生成数组对象。